Spin-Polarized PdCu-FeO In-Plane Heterostructures with Tandem Catalytic Mechanism for Oxygen Reduction Catalysis.

Alloying has significantly upgraded the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) of Pd-based catalysts through regulating the thermodynamics of oxygenated intermediates. However, the unsatisfactory activation ability of Pd-based alloys toward O molecules limits further improvement of ORR kinetics. Herein, the precise synthesis of nanosheet assemblies of spin-polarized PdCu-FeO in-plane heterostructures for drastically activating O molecules and boosting ORR kinetics is reported.

Enzyme-free fluorescent DNA detection based on nucleic acid-templated click reaction via controllable synthesis of CuO as heterogeneous nanocatalyst.

In the field of nucleic acid amplification assays, developing enzyme-free, easy-to-use, and highly sensitive amplification approaches remains a challenge. In this work, we synthesized a heterogeneous CuO nanocatalyst (hnCuO) with different particle sizes and shapes, which was used for developing enzyme- and label-free nucleic acid amplification methods based on the nucleic acid-templated azide-alkyne cycloaddition (AAC) reaction catalyzed by hnCuO. The hnCuO exhibited size- and shape-dependent catalytic activity, with smaller sizes and spherical-like shapes exhibiting superior activity.

Total Synthesis of Cyclotripeptidic Natural Products Anacine, Aurantiomide C, Polonimides A and C, and Verrucine F.

The total synthesis of cyclotripeptidic natural products possessing a central piperazino[2,1-]quinazolin-3,6-dione core is described through an original strategy involving the pivotal cyclocondensation of an electrophilic homoserine lactone intermediate. The alkylidene group was spontaneously installed by autoxidation during the cyclocondensation process, while the propionamide side chain was introduced through the nickel-catalyzed aminocarbonylation of a bromoethyl intermediate. This last reaction is unprecedented on such highly functionalized intermediates.

Research on the Sensing Characteristics of an Integrated Grid-like Sensor Based on a Triboelectric Nanogenerator.

With the development of the integration and miniaturization of sensing devices, the concept of self-sensing devices has been proposed. A motion state is self-sensed via the structure or integration of an actuator in the construction of a sensing unit. This device is then used to capture the perception and measurement of states such as position, displacement, and speed.

Nitric oxide synthase regulates coelomocytes apoptosis through the NF-κB signaling pathway in the sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus.

Nitric oxide synthase (NOS) was initially discovered to participate in the generation of nitric oxide as a defense mechanism against pathogenic infections. In recent years, it has been found that NOS plays a pivotal role in regulating apoptosis and inflammation in mammals. However, the mechanisms underlying NOS-mediated apoptosis in invertebrates remain largely unclear.

AjTGFβ alleviates V. splendidus-induced inflammation through SMADs pathway in Apostichopus japonicus.

The inhibition of inflammatory response is an essential process to control the development of inflammation and is an important step to protect the organism from excessive inflammatory damage. As a pleiotropic cytokine, transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) plays a regulatory role in inhibiting inflammation in vertebrates. To investigate the role of TGF-β in the regulation of inflammation in invertebrates, we cloned and characterized the TGF-β gene from Apostichopus japonicus via rapid amplification of cDNA ends, and the sample was designated as AjTGF-β.

Lightweight Compound Scaling Network for Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Segmentation from MR Images.

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a category of tumours with a high incidence in head-and-neck. To treat nasopharyngeal cancer, doctors invariably need to perform focal segmentation. However, manual segmentation is time consuming and laborious for doctors and the existing automatic segmentation methods require large computing resources, which makes some small and medium-sized hospitals unaffordable.

Dihuang-Yinzi Alleviates Cognition Deficits Targeting Energy-Related Metabolism in an Alzheimer Mouse Model as Demonstrated by Integration of Metabolomics and Network Pharmacology.

Energy metabolism disturbance and the consequent reactive oxygen species (ROS) overproduction play a key and pathogenic role in the onset and progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Dihuang-Yinzi (DHYZ) is a traditional Chinese herbal prescription clinically applied to treat AD and other neurodegenerative diseases for a long time. However, the systematical metabolic mechanism of DHYZ against AD remains largely unclear.

AttR2U-Net: A Fully Automated Model for MRI Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Segmentation Based on Spatial Attention and Residual Recurrent Convolution.

Radiotherapy is an essential method for treating nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), and the segmentation of NPC is a crucial process affecting the treatment. However, manual segmentation of NPC is inefficient. Besides, the segmentation results of different doctors might vary considerably.

DCNet: Densely Connected Deep Convolutional Encoder-Decoder Network for Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Segmentation.

Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma segmentation in magnetic resonance imagery (MRI) is vital to radiotherapy. Exact dose delivery hinges on an accurate delineation of the gross tumor volume (GTV). However, the large-scale variation in tumor volume is intractable, and the performance of current models is mostly unsatisfactory with indistinguishable and blurred boundaries of segmentation results of tiny tumor volume.

Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases 1 is involved in ROS-mediated inflammation via regulating matrix metalloproteinase 1 expression in the sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus.

Tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) serve as matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) inhibitors in the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases in vertebrates. We cloned and characterised the TIMP1 gene from Apostichopus japonicus using RACE approaches (designated as AjTIMP1). For Vibrio splendidus-challenged sea cucumbers, the peak expression of AjTIMP1 mRNAs in coelomocytes was detected at 24 h (23.

Echinacoside Suppresses Amyloidogenesis and Modulates F-actin Remodeling by Targeting the ER Stress Sensor PERK in a Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease.

Endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) plays a vital and pathogenic role in the onset and progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Phosphorylation of PKR-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK) induced by ERS depresses the interaction between actin-binding protein filamin-A (FLNA) and PERK, which promotes F-actin accumulation and reduces ER-plasma membrane (PM) communication. Echinacoside (ECH), a pharmacologically active component purified from , exhibits multiple neuroprotective activities, but the effects of ECH on ERS and F-actin remodeling remain elusive.

Structure of the essential inner membrane lipopolysaccharide-PbgA complex.

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) resides in the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria where it is responsible for barrier function. LPS can cause death as a result of septic shock, and its lipid A core is the target of polymyxin antibiotics. Despite the clinical importance of polymyxins and the emergence of multidrug resistant strains, our understanding of the bacterial factors that regulate LPS biogenesis is incomplete.

Data on charge separation of bispecific and mispaired IgGs using native charge-variant mass spectrometry.

The data supplied in this work are related to the research article entitled "Characterization of Bispecific and Mispaired IgGs by Native Charge-Variant Mass Spectrometry" (Phung et al., 2019). This data article describes a powerful analytical platform using native weak cation exchange chromatography coupled to a high-resolution mass spectrometer, charge variant mass spectrometry (CV-MS), to characterize bispecific and mispaired antibody species.

TATA-Box Binding Protein O-GlcNAcylation at T114 Regulates Formation of the B-TFIID Complex and Is Critical for Metabolic Gene Regulation.

In eukaryotes, gene expression is performed by three RNA polymerases that are targeted to promoters by molecular complexes. A unique common factor, the TATA-box binding protein (TBP), is thought to serve as a platform to assemble pre-initiation complexes competent for transcription. Here, we describe a novel molecular mechanism of nutrient regulation of gene transcription by dynamic O-GlcNAcylation of TBP.

Native Hydrophobic Interaction Chromatography Hyphenated to Mass Spectrometry for Characterization of Monoclonal Antibody Minor Variants.

Conventionally, hydrophobic interaction chromatography (HIC) uses mobile phases with high salt concentration that are not compatible with mass spectrometry (MS). Here we describe development of an HIC method coupled with MS detection (HIC-MS) utilizing an aqueous mobile phase with a low concentration of a volatile salt for characterizing recombinant monoclonal antibody (mAb) post-translational modifications (PTMs). The ability of HIC to separate the oxidation and free thiol variants of the mAbs enables their isolation and rapid characterization of these attributes under native conditions, an important step toward understanding the role they play.

Elucidating heavy/light chain pairing preferences to facilitate the assembly of bispecific IgG in single cells.

Multiple strategies have been developed to facilitate the efficient production of bispecific IgG (BsIgG) in single host cells. For example, we previously demonstrated near quantitative (≥90%) formation of BsIgG of different species and isotypes by combining 'knob-into-hole' mutations for heavy chain heterodimerization with engineered antigen-binding fragments (Fabs) for preferential cognate heavy/light chain pairing. Surprisingly, in this study we found high yield (>65%) of BsIgG Fab engineering to be a common occurrence, i.

Interface modeling of magnetorheological elastomers subjected to variable working strain.

A magnetorheological elastomer (MRE) is a type of particle-matrix composite material, whose properties depend on the strain to which it is subjected in different applications. This paper proposes an interface model in which the magnetorheological characteristics of an MRE are described in terms of the effect of variable strain on the strength of interfacial bonding between the particles and the matrix. The model can describe the whole process of interface change from a strong interface to a strong-weak mixed interface and then to a weak interface under variable strain.

Identification and characterization of an octameric PEG-protein conjugate system for intravitreal long-acting delivery to the back of the eye.

Innovative protein engineering and chemical conjugation technologies have yielded an impressive number of drug candidates in clinical development including >80 antibody drug conjugates, >60 bispecific antibodies, >35 Fc-fusion proteins and >10 immuno-cytokines. Despite these innovations, technological advances are needed to address unmet medical needs with new pharmacological mechanisms. Age-related eye diseases are among the most common causes of blindness and poor vision in the world.