S-Nitrosylation of Dexras1 Controls Post-Stroke Recovery via Regulation of Neuronal Excitability and Dendritic Remodeling.

Aims: Stroke is a major public health concern leading to high rates of death and disability worldwide, unfortunately with no effective treatment available for stroke recovery during the repair phase.

Methods: Photothrombotic stroke was induced in mice. Adeno-associated viruses (AAV) were microinjected into the peri-infarct cortex immediately after photothrombotic stroke.

Degradation of myosmine by a novel bacterial strain Sphingopyxis sp. J-6 and its degradation pathways.

This study isolated a myosmine-degrading bacterial strain J-6 from tobacco-growing soil. The identification of this strain revealed it to be a new species within the genus Sphingopyxis. Analysis of the myosmine degradation products by HPLC, preparative HPLC, and UHPLC-MS/MS identified 8 metabolites, among which 3-pyridylacetic acid (3-PAA), 5-(3-pyridyl)tetrahydrofuranone-2 (PTHF), and 4-hydroxy-4-(3-pyridyl)butanoic acid (HPBA) were three novel metabolites that were not previously found in microbial degradation of tobacco alkaloids.

A multi-omics Mendelian randomization identifies putatively causal genes and DNA methylation sites for asthma.

Background: Asthma is a global chronic respiratory disease with complex pathogenesis. While current therapies offer some relief, they often fall short in effectively managing symptoms and preventing exacerbations for numerous patients. Thus, understanding its mechanisms and discovering new drug targets remains a pressing need for better treatment.

Alpha-fetoprotein-to-PIVKA-II ratio as a potential biomarker for hepatocellular carcinoma differentiation, imaging characteristics, and patient survival.

Background: Alpha-fetoprotein-to-PIVKA-II ratio (APR) may serve as a new marker to predict the grade of differentiation, imaging characteristics, and prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This study aimed to demonstrate the prognostic significance of high APR for poorly differentiated HCC (PD-HCC), imaging characteristics and overall survival (OS) in patients after intra-arterial therapies.

Methods: Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were constructed and areas under the curve (AUCs) were calculated to evaluate the predictive ability of APR to discriminate subgroup(s) of HCC with good or poor prognosis.

Detection of PD-L1 expression levels in malignant pleural mesothelioma with a targeted MRI nanoprobe .

Objectives: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have demonstrated potential in inhibiting the growth of malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM), and their efficacy is associated with the expression of programmed death-ligand 1(PD-L1). This study evaluated a PD-L1-targeted nanoprobe for detecting PD-L1 expression in a nude mouse model of malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM).

Methods: A PD-L1-binding peptide (WL-12) was conjugated with superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) to create the nanoprobe WL-12@Fe₃O₄.

[Application and prospects of infrared thermography in rheumatic diseases].

Infrared thermography is an advanced technology that utilizes infrared detectors to sense the infrared thermal radiation emitted from the human body' s surface, converting it into electrical signals. These signals are then processed by computers to generate planar temperature color images, providing an intuitive display of the body surface temperature distribution. Rheumatic diseases, as prevalent conditions that significantly impact the quality of life of millions of people worldwide, pose significant challenges in diagnosis and assessment.

A new treatment for ingrown toenail with CO laser: a retrospective study.

Background: There are various surgical treatments on ingrown toenails. However, the treatment without matricectomy, damaging the nail and not operating on the nail bed could be better.

Objective: To present a new treatment for ingrown toenail that completely preserve the nail and nail matrix.

Reprogramming tumor-associated macrophages and inhibiting tumor neovascularization by targeting MANF-HSF1-HSP70-1 pathway: An effective treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma.

In advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissues, M2-like tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are in the majority and promotes HCC progression. Contrary to the pro-tumor effect of M2-like TAMs, M1-like TAMs account for a small proportion and have anti-tumor effects. Since TAMs can switch from one type to another, reprogramming TAMs may be an important treatment for HCC therapy.

Exogenous hydrogen sulfide increased Nicotiana tabacum L. resistance against drought by the improved photosynthesis and antioxidant system.

Drought stress is an abiotic stressor that impacts photosynthesis, plant growth, and development, leading to decreased crop yields. Sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS), an exogenous additive, has demonstrated potential regulatory effects on plant responses to polyethylene glycol-induced drought stress in tobacco seedlings. Compared to the control, drought stress induced by 15 g/L PEG-6000 significantly reduced several parameters in tobacco seedlings: shoot dry weight (22.

Thoracic Radiotherapy Improves the Survival in Patients With -Mutated Oligo-Organ Metastatic Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Treated With Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor-Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors: A Multicenter, Randomized, Controlled, Phase III Trial.

Purpose: This multicenter, randomized, phase III clinical trial (Northern Radiation Oncology Group of China-002) focused on patients with oligo-organ metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who have epidermal growth factor receptor () mutations. We aimed to investigate whether first-line concurrent thoracic radiotherapy (TRT) and EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), compared with TKIs alone, could achieve better survival.

Materials And Methods: The patients in the TKI plus TRT group received 60 Gy to primary lung tumor and positive regional lymph nodes.

Peptide inhibitors targeting Ras and Ras-associated protein-protein interactions.

Peptides represent attractive molecules for targeting protein-protein interactions, and peptide drug development has made great progress during the last decades. Ras protein, the most promising target in cancer therapy, is one of the major growth drivers in various cancers. Although many small molecule inhibitors have been reported to effectively target Ras protein and some inhibitors (such as MRTX849 and AMG 510) have been translated into clinical application, just a few peptide inhibitors have been reported.

Filter banks guided correlational convolutional neural network for SSVEPs based BCI classification.

In the field of steady-state visual evoked potential brain computer interfaces (SSVEP-BCIs) research, convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have gradually been proved to be an effective method. Whereas, majority works apply the frequency domain characteristics in long time window to train the network, thus lead to insufficient performance of those networks in short time window. Furthermore, only the frequency domain information for classification lacks of other task-related information.

Overcoming Intrinsic Quantum Confinement and Ultrafast Self-Trapping in Ag-Bi-I- and Cu-Bi-I-Based 2D Double Perovskites through Electroactive Cations.

The possibility to combine organic semiconducting materials with inorganic halide perovskites opens exciting pathways toward tuning optoelectronic properties. Exploring stable and nontoxic, double perovskites as a host for electroactive organic cations to form two-dimensional (2D) hybrid materials is an emerging opportunity to create both functional and lead-free materials for optoelectronic applications. By introducing naphthalene and pyrene moieties into Ag-Bi-I and Cu-Bi-I double perovskite lattices, intrinsic electronic challenges of double perovskites are addressed and the electronic anisotropy of 2D perovskites can be modulated.

Neoadjuvant radiation target volume definition in esophageal squamous cell cancer: a multicenter recommendations from Chinese experts.

Background: This study aimed to establish a consensus on the delineation of target volumes for neoadjuvant radiation therapy (nRT) in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) within China.

Methods: From February 2020 to June 2021, nine ESCC patients who received nRT were retrospectively selected from Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center and Shandong Cancer Hospital. A panel from eight cancer radiotherapy centers performed two rounds of nRT target volume delineation for these patients: the first round for cases 1-6 and the second for cases 7-9.

Causal relationships between gut microbiota, plasma metabolites, and HIV infection: insights from Mendelian randomization and mediation analysis.

Objective: Gut dysbiosis and metabolic abnormalities have been implicated in HIV infection. However, the exact causal relationships among the gut microbiota, metabolites, and HIV infection remain poorly understood. Our study involving Mendelian randomization (MR) and mediation analysis aims to unveil these causalities.

Identification of Isoliensinine as a Ferroptosis Suppressor with Iron-Chelating Activity.

Ferroptosis is a type of regulated cell death driven by the iron-dependent accumulation of lipid peroxides. The high involvement of ferroptosis in diverse human diseases highlights the need for the identification of new chemotypes with anti-ferroptotic activity. Here, we performed a natural product library screening in HT1080 fibrosarcoma cells and identified licochalcone A (LA), isoeugenyl acetate (ISA), and isoliensinine (ISL) as suppressors of either RSL3- or IKE-induced ferroptosis.

β-Caryophyllene Confers Cardioprotection by Scavenging Radicals and Blocking Ferroptosis.

Ferroptosis is a form of regulated cell death triggered by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation and has been associated with heart diseases. However, there are currently no approved drugs that specifically inhibit ferroptosis in clinical practice, which largely limits the translational potential of this novel target. Here, we demonstrated that β-caryophyllene (BCP; 150 μM), a natural dietary cannabinoid, protects cardiomyocytes against ferroptotic cell death induced by cysteine deprivation or glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) inactivation.

A Longitudinal Study on the Relationship Between Family Size and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living: The Masking Effect of Depressive Symptoms.

Purpose: According to use and disuse theory, the decreasing size of families in China may have a considerable influence on older adults' health. However, research on the associations among family size, depression, and instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) in this population is limited. Thus, the current study examined the role of depression on the impact of family size on IADL and explored the differences between urban and rural areas.

Development of Zalfermin, a Long-Acting Proteolytically Stabilized FGF21 Analog.

Here, we describe the development of the FGF21 analog zalfermin (NNC0194-0499, ), intended for once-weekly sc dosing. Protein engineering was needed to address inherent druggability issues of the natural FGF21 hormone. Thus, deamidation of Asp121 was solved by mutation to glutamine, and oxidation of Met168 was solved by mutation to leucine.

Pantothenate-encapsulated liposomes combined with exercise for effective inhibition of CRM1-mediated PKM2 translocation in Alzheimer's therapy.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a complex neurodegenerative condition characterized by metabolic imbalances and neuroinflammation, posing a formidable challenge in medicine due to the lack of effective treatments. Despite considerable research efforts, a cure for AD remains elusive, with current therapies primarily focused on symptom management rather than addressing the disease's underlying causes. This study initially discerned, through Mendelian randomization analysis that elevating pantothenate levels significantly contributes to the prophylaxis of Alzheimer's disease.