TongGuanWan Alleviates Doxorubicin- and Isoproterenol-Induced Cardiac Hypertrophy and Fibrosis by Modulating Apoptotic and Fibrotic Pathways.

Heart failure, a major public health issue, often stems from prolonged stress or damage to the heart muscle, leading to cardiac hypertrophy. This can progress to heart failure and other cardiovascular problems. Doxorubicin (DOX), a common chemotherapy drug, and isoproterenol (ISO), a β-adrenergic agonist, both induce cardiac hypertrophy through different mechanisms.

Sibjotang Protects against Cardiac Hypertrophy In Vitro and In Vivo.

Cardiac hypertrophy is developed by various diseases such as myocardial infarction, valve diseases, hypertension, and aortic stenosis. Sibjotang (, Shizaotang, SJT), a classic formula in Korean traditional medicine, has been shown to modulate the equilibrium of body fluids and blood pressure. This research study sought to explore the impact and underlying process of Sibjotang on cardiotoxicity induced by DOX in H9c2 cells.

Samchulkunbi-Tang Alleviates Vascular Endothelial Disorder and Renal Dysfunction in Nitric Oxide-Deficient Hypertensive Rats.

Samchulkunbi-tang (SCT, Shen Zhu Jian pi tang in Chinese) is said to have been first recorded by Zheng Zhi Zhun Sheng during the Ming Dynasty in China. Records of SCT in Korea are known to have been cited in Donguibogam (Dong Yi Bao Jian in Chinese), Uibang Hwaltu (Yi Fang Huo Tao in Chinese), and Bang Yak Hapyeon (Fang Yao He Bian in China). Although SCT is widely used in treating chronic gastritis and gastric ulcers, the beneficial effect on renal vascular function is unknown.

Protective Effects of Ethanolic Extract from Rhizome of against Renal Fibrosis and Inflammation in a Diabetic Nephropathy Model.

Progressive diabetic nephropathy (DN) in diabetes leads to major morbidity and mortality. The major pathological alterations of DN include mesangial expansion, extracellular matrix alterations, tubulointerstitial fibrosis, and glomerular sclerosis. is widely used in traditional oriental medicine and has long been used as a diuretic, astringent, insecticide and antihypertensive.

Betulinic Acid Protects DOX-Triggered Cardiomyocyte Hypertrophy Response through the GATA-4/Calcineurin/NFAT Pathway.

Cardiac hypertrophy is a major risk factor for heart failure and leads to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Doxorubicin (DOX) is regarded as one of the most potent anthracycline antibiotic agents; however, its clinical usage has some limitations because it has serious cardiotoxic side effects such as dilated cardiomyopathy and congestive heart failure. Betulinic acid (BA) is a pentacyclic-cyclic lupane-type triterpene that has been reported to have anti-bacterial, anti-inflammatory, anti-vascular neogenesis, and anti-fibrotic effects.

Anti-Vascular Inflammatory Effect of Ethanol Extract from in Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells.

is known as a drug that has the effect of improving the blood circulation and relaxing muscles and tendons, thereby protects and strengthen kidney and spleen. Therefore, in this study, treatment of showed protective effect of inhibiting the vascular inflammation in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) by inducing nitric oxide (NO) production and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) coupling pathway. In this study, suppressed TNF-α (Tumor necrosis factor-α) induced protein and mRNA levels of cell adhesion molecules such as intracellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) and Interleukin-6 (IL-6).

Sauchinone Protects Renal Mesangial Cell Dysfunction against Angiotensin II by Improving Renal Fibrosis and Inflammation.

Abnormal and excessive growth of mesangial cells is important in the pathophysiologic processes of diabetes-associated interstitial fibrosis and glomerulosclerosis, leading to diabetic nephropathy, which eventually turns into end-stage renal disease. Sauchinone, a biologically-active lignan isolated from aerial parts of , has anti-inflammatory and anti-viral activities effects on various cell types. However, there are no studies reporting the effects of sauchinone on diabetic nephropathy.

Involvement of heme oxygenase-1 induction in anti-vascular inflammation effects of Xanthoceras sorbifolia in human umbilical vein endothelial cells.

Objective: To define the effects of Xanthoceras sorbifolia (EXS) on vascular inflammation and the mechanisms in endothelial cells.

Methods: Vascular protective effects of an ethanol extract of seeds from EXS (1-50 μg/mL) against tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)-induced vascular inflammation were examined in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs).

Results: EXS significantly decreased TNF-α-induced expression of cell adhesion molecules, such as intracellular adhesion molecule-1, vascular cell adhesion molecule-1, and endothelial cell selectin, in a dose-dependent manner.

Ligustilide attenuates vascular inflammation and activates Nrf2/HO-1 induction and, NO synthesis in HUVECs.

Background: Ligustilide is a bioactive phthalide derivative isolated from Cnidii Rhizoma (Cnidium officinale, rhizome) and Angelicae Gigantis Radix (Angelica gigas Nakai, root) which are both medicinal herbs used to treat circulatory disorders. Vascular endothelium is a central spot in developing cardiovascular diseases and chronic vascular inflammation might result in atherosclerosis development.

Purpose: We previously found out that a traditional herbal formula, Samul-Tang (Si-Wu-Tang, containing Cnidii Rhizoma and Angelicae Gigantis Radix), attenuated vascular inflammation in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs).

Samchuleum attenuates diabetic renal injury through the regulation of TGF‑β/Smad signaling in human renal mesangial cells.

Renal mesangial cell proliferation is a major clinical feature of diabetic nephropathy (DN) and includes glomerulosclerosis and renal fibrosis. Samchuleum (SCE) is a traditional herbal mixture that is recorded in the ancient Korean medical book, Donguibogam. The present study attempted to determine whether SCE treatment was able to improve high glucose (HG)‑induced mesangial cell fibrosis and glomerulosclerosis in primary cultured human mesangial cells.

Wiryeongtang regulates hypertonicity-induced expression of aquaporin-2 water channels in mIMCD-3 cells.

The kidneys have a key role in the homeostasis of water excretion and reabsorption. Water channels, particularly aquaporin-2 (AQP2), are important proteins in water homeostasis in the body through the short‑term and long-term regulation of water permeability. Wiryeongtang (WRT) is a well-known traditional oriental medicine, which is used for the treatment of chronic edema and dysuresia.

Plantago asiatica L. Ameliorates Puromycin Aminonucleoside-Induced Nephrotic Syndrome by Suppressing Inflammation and Apoptosis.

Objective: Nephrotic syndrome, a kidney disease with a variety of causes, is mainly characterized by heavy proteinuria, hypoproteinemia, and ascites. This study was designed to evaluate the underlying mechanism of action of L. (PAL) in treating nephrotic syndrome induced by puromycin aminonucleoside.

Protective effect of betulinic acid on early atherosclerosis in diabetic apolipoprotein-E gene knockout mice.

Atherosclerosis, a chronic and progressive disease, is a leading cause of endothelial dysfunction, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and hypercholesterolemia. Betulinic acid (BA), a pentacyclic triterpene, has been reported to have a variety of biological effects, including anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties. This study was designed to determine whether BA could prevent atherosclerosis in diabetic apolipoprotein-E gene knockout (ApoE KO) mice.

Vascular Protective Role of Samul-Tang in HUVECs: Involvement of Nrf2/HO-1 and NO.

Samul-Tang (Si-Wu-Tang, SMT), composed of four medicinal herbs, is a well-known herbal formula treating hematological disorder or gynecologic disease. However, vascular protective effects of SMT and its molecular mechanisms on the vascular endothelium, known as the central spot of vascular inflammatory process, are not reported. The aim of this study was to investigate vascular protective effects of SMT water extract in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs).