Trimethylamine-N-oxide enhances drought tolerance in Eucalyptus by increasing photosynthesis.

Drought stress significantly reduces agricultural productivity, threatening global food security and timber production. Although trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) has been shown to enhance drought tolerance in plants such as Arabidopsis thaliana and tomato, the physiological and molecular mechanisms by which it regulates drought tolerance in plants remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the physiological and transcriptomic changes in Eucalyptus under drought stress following exogenous TMAO treatment.

A new species of Populus and the extensive hybrid speciation arising from it on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.

While the diversity of species formation is broadly acknowledged, significant debate exists regarding the universal nature of hybrid species formation. Through an 18-year comprehensive study of all Populus species on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, 23 previously recorded species and 8 new species were identified. Based on morphological characteristics, these can be classified into three groups: species in section Leucoides, species with large leaves, and species with small leaves in section Tacamahaca.

Iridium-catalyzed selective arylation of B(6)-H of 3-aryl--carboranes with arylboronic acid direct B-H activation.

This work discloses an iridium-catalyzed selective arylation of B(6)-H of 3-Ar--carboranes with arylboronic acid direct B-H activation for the first time. A series of unsymmetric and symmetric 3,6-diaryl--carboranes decorated with diverse active groups have been synthesized with moderate to excellent yields under mild conditions. This work offers an efficient approach for selective arylation of B(6)-H with arylboronic acid and has important value for selective functionalization of -carboranes.

A model of hybrid speciation process drawn from three new poplar species originating from distant hybridization between sections.

Although numerous studies have been conducted on hybrid speciation, our understanding of this process remains limited. Through an 18-year systematic investigation of all taxa of Populus on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, we discovered three new taxa with clear characteristics of sect. Leucoides.

Iridium-catalyzed selective amination of B(4)-H for the synthesis of -carborane-fused indolines.

An iridium-catalyzed selective amination of B(4)-H dehydrogenative cross-coupling of B-H/N-H bonds for the synthesis of -carborane-fused indolines has been developed for the first time. Various types of unprecedented -carborane-fused indolines have been synthesized, which would be potential candidates for applications in drug discovery, pharmaceutical chemistry and functional materials. This work offers a valuable reference for the designing and synthesis of -carborane-fused heterocycles.

UVB-Pretreatment-Enhanced Cadmium Absorption and Enrichment in Poplar Plants.

The phenomenon of cross adaptation refers to the ability of plants to improve their resistance to other stress after experiencing one type of stress. However, there are limited reports on how ultraviolet radiation B (UVB) pretreatment affects the enrichment, transport, and tolerance of cadmium (Cd) in plants. Since an appropriate UVB pretreatment has been reported to change plant tolerance to stress, we hypothesized that this application could alter plant uptake and tolerance to heavy metals.

Morphology and phylogeny of ascomycetes associated with walnut trees () in Sichuan province, China.

In Sichuan province, walnuts, consisting of , , and the hybrid × , are commercially important edible nuts, and is the most widespread plant. To date, the diversity and distribution of fungi inhabiting on have not received enough attention, although there have been studies focusing on pathogens from fruit and stem. In order to update the checklist of fungi associated with Sichuan walnuts, a survey on fungi associated with the three species from 15 representative regions in Sichuan was conducted.

Cu(OTf)/NBS-Mediated Tandem Reaction of 1-Cinnamyl Alcohol--Carboranes via Ring Opening of Oxetane with Arenes: An Alternative Approach for the Synthesis of C-Alkenyl--Carboranes.

The Cu(OTf)/NBS-mediated tandem reaction of 1-cinnamyl alcohol--carboranes for the synthesis of C-alkenyl--carboranes has been developed. Mechanism studies demonstrated that the Cu(OTf)-promoted ring opening of oxetane with electron-rich arenes as soft nucleophiles was involved and was the key step for the transformation. This work provided an alternative strategy for the synthesis of C-alkenyl--carboranes, which has an important reference for the synthesis of -carborane derivatives with diversity.

Identification of a novel autoantibody against heat shock factor 1 in idiopathic inflammatory myopathy.

Objectives: Myositis autoantibodies show great utility in the diagnosis and clinico-serological phenotyping of idiopathic inflammatory myopathy (IIM). We identified a novel autoantibody against heat shock factor 1 (HSF1) and further evaluated its disease specificity and clinical significance in IIM patients.

Methods: A human protein microarray was used to identify autoantibodies in myositis sera.

The prevalence and clinical significance of anti-PUF60 antibodies in patients with idiopathic inflammatory myopathy.

Autoantibodies against poly-U-binding factor 60 kDa protein (PUF60) have been reported in Caucasian dermatomyositis (DM) patients. However, their clinical significance in idiopathic inflammatory myopathy (IIM) remains to be fully clarified. Our objective was to analyze the prevalence and clinical significance of anti-PUF60 antibodies in a large cohort of Chinese IIM patients.

A simple method for removing low-density granulocytes to purify T lymphocytes from peripheral blood mononuclear cells.

Objective: Low-density granulocytes (LDGs) can form neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) spontaneously and excessively. When peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) are used for studying T lymphocytes, LDGs contained in the PBMCs may decrease the threshold of activating T lymphocytes by forming NETs. This study focused on the profiles of LDGs in common autoimmune diseases and methods for removing LDGs from PBMCs.

Transcriptomic profiling of long non-coding RNAs in dermatomyositis by microarray analysis.

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are prevalently transcribed in the genome and have been found to be of functional importance. However, the potential roles of lncRNAs in dermatomyositis (DM) remain unknown. In this study, a lncRNA + mRNA microarray analysis was performed to profile lncRNAs and mRNAs from 15 treatment-naive DM patients and 5 healthy controls.

[Characteristics of surface energy fluxes over a sparse shrubland ecosystem in the farming-pastoral zone of the Loess Plateau, Northwest China].

Based on the energy flux and meteorological data during 2011-2012 over a sparse shrubland ecosystem in the farming-pastoral zone of the Loess Plateau, this study investigated the diurnal and seasonal variations of the energy balance components, and discussed the responses of the latent and sensible heat fluxes to different intensities of rainfall events. In addition, we identified the major environmental controlling factors on latent and sensible heat fluxes via correlation analysis. The results showed that the diurnal and seasonal variations of net radiation (Rn), sensible heat flux (H), latent heat flux (LE) and soil heat flux (G) all showed single-peak curves.

[Beneficial pharmacodynamic interaction between Chinese medicine and Western medicine].

Useful pharmacodynamic changes occur when some Chinese medicine are used together with some Western medicine, namely enhanced curative effect, lowered adverse reactions, reduced dosages, shortened treatment courses, enlarged indications scope, improved compliance of treatment and rational medication, which could be explored to provide scientific bases for further improving diagnosis and treatment levels and rational use of drugs.

Elevated Serum Levels of Soluble CD163 in Polymyositis and Dermatomyositis: Associated with Macrophage Infiltration in Muscle Tissue.

Objective: To investigate serum levels of soluble CD163 (sCD163) in patients with polymyositis (PM) and dermatomyositis (DM), and to correlate these to clinical manifestations and laboratory data.

Methods: Serum levels of sCD163 were detected in 24 patients with PM, 84 patients with DM, and 46 healthy controls by using the ELISA method. Immunohistochemistry staining of macrophage infiltration in muscle tissue using anti-CD163 monoclonal antibody was conducted on muscle biopsy specimens from 13 patients with PM and 17 with DM.