LGR6 is a prognostic biomarker for less differentiated tumors in lymph nodes of colon cancer patients.

Introduction: The aim was to investigate whether the stem cell marker LGR6 has prognostic value in colon cancer, alone or in combination with the prognostic biomarkers CEA and CXCL16.

Methods: LGR6 mRNA levels were determined in 370 half lymph nodes of 121 colon cancer patients. Ability to predict relapse after curative surgery was estimated by Kaplan-Meier survival model and Cox regression analyses.

Detection of lymph node metastasis in colon cancer by ectopically expressed fibroblast markers FOXQ1 and THBS2.

Introduction: Approximately 25% of colon cancer (CC) patients having curative surgery will relapse. Therefore, it is crucial to identify patients with increased recurrence risk to offer them adjuvant chemotherapy. Three markers with prominent expression in fibroblasts: forkhead box Q1 (FOXQ1), matrix metalloproteinase-11 (MMP11), and thrombospondin-2 (THBS2), and the fibroblast expressed chemokine CXCL12 were selected for studies because of the critical role of fibroblasts in the microenvironment of the tumor.

qRT-PCR analysis of CEACAM5, KLK6, SLC35D3, MUC2 and POSTN in colon cancer lymph nodes-An improved method for assessment of tumor stage and prognosis.

One fourth of colorectal cancer patients having curative surgery will relapse of which the majority will die. Lymph node (LN) metastasis is the single most important prognostic factor and a key factor when deciding on postoperative treatment. Presently, LN metastases are identified by histopathological examination, a subjective method analyzing only a small LN volume and giving no information on tumor aggressiveness.

Ask me, listen to me, treat me well and I shall tell: a qualitative study of Swedish youths' experiences of systematic assessment of sexual health and risk-taking (SEXIT).

Sexual ill health among young people, in terms of sexually transmitted infections (STIs), unintended pregnancy, transactional sex and sexual violence, is a global public health concern. To that end, the SEXual health Identification Tool (SEXIT) was developed. The purpose of this study was to explore the visitors' experiences of a youth clinic visit when SEXIT was used.

Prognostic Significance of mRNA Expression in Colon Cancer.

G protein-coupled receptor 55 (GPR55) probably plays a role in innate immunity and tumor immunosurveillance through its effect on immune cells, such as T cells and NK cells. In this study, the prognostic value of GPR55 in colon cancer (CC) was investigated. mRNA expression levels of GPR55 were determined in 382 regional lymph nodes of 121 CC patients with 12 years observation time after curative surgery.

Identifying sexual risk-taking and ill health in the meeting with young people-experiences of using an assessment tool.

Background: Identifying young people exposed to sexual risk-taking or violence is fundamental, when seeking to strengthen their health. However, young people seldom share sexual health concerns or experiences of violence with healthcare professionals (HCPs). Studies evaluating how use of a risk assessment tool influences the dialogue about sexual health and violence are sparse.

Violence and sexual risk taking reported by young people at Swedish youth clinics.

Background: Early identification of sexual risk taking and exposure to violence is fundamental when seeking to strengthen young people's health. The purpose of this study was to study factors associated with sexual risk taking and ill health, as well as to study gender differences, and the associations amongst exposure to multiple forms of violence, sexual risk taking and ill health.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study based on data from 3,205 young people answering a questionnaire belonging to the Sexual health Identification Tool (SEXIT 2.

Clinical Significance of Stem Cell Biomarkers EpCAM, LGR5 and LGR4 mRNA Levels in Lymph Nodes of Colon Cancer Patients.

The significance of cancer stem cells (CSCs) in initiation and progression of colon cancer (CC) has been established. In this study, we investigated the utility of measuring mRNA expression levels of CSC markers EpCAM, LGR5 and LGR4 for predicting survival outcome in surgically treated CC patients. Expression levels were determined in 5 CC cell lines, 66 primary CC tumors and 382 regional lymph nodes of 121 CC patients.

The myeloid cell biomarker EMR1 is ectopically expressed in colon cancer.

Objective: The microenvironment of colon cancer (CC) is heterogeneous including cells of myeloid lineage affecting tumor growth and metastasis. Two functional subtypes of myeloid cells have been identified; one (M1) is tumor-inhibitory and the other one (M2) is tumor-promoting. Whether the three myeloid markers EMR1, CD206 and CD86 are expressed only in the infiltrating myeloid cells or also in the tumor cells was investigated.

Staff's experiences of a pilot implementation of the SEXual health Identification Tool for assessing sexual ill health among visitors to Swedish youth clinics: A focus group study.

Background: Young people are disproportionally burdened by sexual ill health. The SEXual health Identification Tool (SEXIT) was developed for use at youth clinics, to facilitate identification of visitors exposed to or at risk of sexual ill health. The aim of this study was to explore experiences of using SEXIT among youth clinic staff who participated in a pilot implementation, with a focus on usefulness, implementation determinants, and feasibility of implementing SEXIT at Swedish youth clinics.

CEACAM5, KLK6, SLC35D3, POSTN, and MUC2 mRNA Analysis Improves Detection and Allows Characterization of Tumor Cells in Lymph Nodes of Patients Who Have Colon Cancer.

Background: Lymph node metastasis is the single most important prognostic risk factor for recurrence in patients with colon cancer who have undergone curative surgery. The routine method for detecting disseminated tumor cells in lymph nodes is microscopic examination of one or a few hematoxylin and eosin-stained tissue sections by a trained pathologist. This method, however, is insensitive mainly because less than 1% of the lymph node volume is examined, leading to misclassification.

Evaluating macrophage migration inhibitory factor 1 expression as a prognostic biomarker in colon cancer.

Objective: Several studies indicate that macrophage migration inhibitory factor 1 plays a role for tumor progression in colon cancer. We investigated whether determination of migration inhibitory factor 1 mRNA expression levels in lymph nodes of colon cancer patients could be used as a prognostic marker.

Methods: Expression levels of migration inhibitory factor 1 and carcinoembryonic antigen mRNAs were assessed in primary tumors and regional lymph nodes of 123 colon cancer patients (stages I-IV), and in colon cancer- and immune cell lines using quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction.

Allocating colorectal cancer patients to different risk categories by using a five-biomarker mRNA combination in lymph node analysis.

Background And Aims: Curative surgery saves ≈50% of all patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) while remaining patients have synchronous or will develop metachronous metastases. Presently, the single most important prognostic factor is histopathological detection of disseminated tumor cells in regional lymph nodes. However, the routine method has several limitations.

The Chemokine CXCL16 Is a New Biomarker for Lymph Node Analysis of Colon Cancer Outcome.

Chemokines are important in the development and progression of tumors. We investigated the expression of CXCL14 and CXCL16 in colon cancer. Expression of mRNA was assessed in primary tumors and lymph nodes and CXCL16 mRNA levels were correlated to patient's survival.

Utility of G protein-coupled receptor 35 expression for predicting outcome in colon cancer.

The utility of mRNA and protein determinations of G protein-coupled receptor 35, that is, GPR35a (GPR35 V1) and GPR35b (GPR35 V2/3), as indicators of outcome for colon cancer patients after curative surgery was investigated. Expression levels of V1 and V2/3 GPR35, carcinoembryonic antigen and CXCL17 mRNAs were assessed in primary tumours and regional lymph nodes of 121 colon cancer patients (stage I-IV), colon cancer cell lines and control colon epithelial cells using real-time quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. Expression of G protein-coupled receptor 35 was investigated by two-colour immunohistochemistry and immunomorphometry.

Identifying young people exposed to or at risk of sexual ill health: pilot implementation of an evidence-informed toolkit (SEXIT) at Swedish youth clinics.

Objectives: We aimed to develop and pilot-implement an evidence-informed toolkit (SEXual health Identification Tool; SEXIT) for identifying young people exposed to or at risk of sexual ill health, at Swedish youth clinics, and to investigate SEXIT's potential to identify young people in need of special care and monitoring.

Methods: The SEXIT toolkit was developed, validated and pilot-implemented at three Swedish youth clinics. Pre-implementation staff readiness was assessed and youth clinic visitors' responses to SEXIT were analysed.

Lymph node CXCL17 messenger RNA: A new prognostic biomarker for colon cancer.

Lymph node metastasis is the most important prognostic characteristic of colorectal cancer. Carcinoembryonic antigen messenger RNA was shown to detect tumor cells that have disseminated to lymph nodes of colorectal cancer patients and to be at least as good as the hematoxylin and eosin method to predict survival in colorectal cancer patients. CXCL17 was recently shown to be ectopically expressed in colon cancer tumors.

Sexual health interventions for young people in state care: a systematic review.

Objectives: To describe evaluated sexual health interventions for young people in state care and provide an assessment of the quality of and evidence for these interventions.

Methods: A systematic review of sexual health interventions for young people in state care was conducted. Randomised controlled trials and quasi-experimental designs were eligible, 2051 records were screened, 412 full-text studies retrieved, and 12 publications with low-to-moderate risk of bias included.

Immunopathology of childhood celiac disease-Key role of intestinal epithelial cells.

Background & Aims: Celiac disease is a chronic inflammatory disease of the small intestine mucosa due to permanent intolerance to dietary gluten. The aim was to elucidate the role of small intestinal epithelial cells in the immunopathology of celiac disease in particular the influence of celiac disease-associated bacteria.

Methods: Duodenal biopsies were collected from children with active celiac disease, treated celiac disease, and clinical controls.

Ectopic expression of the chemokine CXCL17 in colon cancer cells.

Background: The novel chemokine CXCL17 acts as chemoattractant for monocytes, macrophages and dendritic cells. CXCL17 also has a role in angiogenesis of importance for tumour development.

Methods: Expression of CXCL17, CXCL10, CXCL9 and CCL2 was assessed in primary colon cancer tumours, colon carcinoma cell lines and normal colon tissue at mRNA and protein levels by real-time qRT-PCR, immunohistochemistry, two-colour immunofluorescence and immunomorphometry.

Identification and risk assessment of Swedish youth at risk of chlamydia.

Aims: The aim of the study was to identify youth at high risk of chlamydia including variables related to sexual health and negative experiences of sexuality.

Methods: In late 2009, a questionnaire on sexuality was answered by Swedish youth. The study sample was self-selected from different Internet communities.

Noncontaminated dietary oats may hamper normalization of the intestinal immune status in childhood celiac disease.

Objectives: Life-long, strict gluten-free diet (GFD) is the only treatment for celiac disease (CD). Because there is still uncertainty regarding the safety of oats for CD patients, the aim was to investigate whether dietary oats influence the immune status of their intestinal mucosa.

Methods: Paired small intestinal biopsies, before and after >11 months on a GFD, were collected from children with CD who were enrolled in a randomized, double-blind intervention trial to either of two diets: standard GFD (GFD-std; n=13) and noncontaminated oat-containing GFD (GFD-oats; n=15).

Prevotella jejuni sp. nov., isolated from the small intestine of a child with coeliac disease.

Five obligately anaerobic, Gram-stain-negative, saccharolytic and proteolytic, non-spore-forming bacilli (strains CD3 : 27, CD3 : 28(T), CD3 : 33, CD3 : 32 and CD3 : 34) are described. All five strains were isolated from the small intestine of a female child with coeliac disease. Cells of the five strains were short rods or coccoid cells with longer filamentous forms seen sporadically.