A stage-dependent link between metabolic syndrome components and incident prostate cancer.

Metabolic syndrome is associated with increased cancer risk and progression at almost all sites, including the prostate in high-stage prostate cancer. However, several reports have described an inverse relationship between metabolic syndrome and its components and low-stage incident prostate cancer. Such anomalies in cancer research hamper efforts to fight cancer.

Lower urinary tract symptoms are associated with low levels of serum serotonin, high levels of adiponectin and fasting glucose, and benign prostatic enlargement.

Objective: The aim of this study was to test whether lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and urinary incontinence are associated with the metabolic syndrome (MetS). The association between LUTS and benign prostatic enlargement (BPE) was also investigated.

Material And Methods: A cross-sectional, representative risk factor analysis of LUTS, as measured by the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), and urinary incontinence was conducted.

Low 25-OH vitamin D is associated with benign prostatic hyperplasia.

Purpose: We tested the hypothesis that low vitamin D is associated with benign prostatic hyperplasia. We also studied whether body composition, sex hormones, serum sex hormone-binding globulin, albumin corrected serum calcium, adiponectin and lipid status are associated with benign prostatic hyperplasia.

Materials And Methods: We investigated 184 representative, randomly selected men 72 to 76 years old enrolled in the Gothenburg arm of the Osteoporotic Fractures in Men Study (MrOS).

Urological aspects of the metabolic syndrome.

The metabolic syndrome is common in countries with Western lifestyles. It comprises a number of disorders-including insulin resistance, hypertension and obesity-that all act as risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. Urological diseases have also been linked to the metabolic syndrome.

A higher prediagnostic insulin level is a prospective risk factor for incident prostate cancer.

A higher insulin level has been linked to the risk of prostate cancer promotion. However, several reports claim that there is no association between a higher insulin level and the risk of incident prostate cancer. In the present report, the insulin hypothesis was tested once more prospectively in men with a benign prostatic disorder.

One-third of the Swedish male population over 50 years of age suffers from lower urinary tract symptoms.

Objective: To investigate the prevalence of and restrictions in various parts of daily life due to lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in an unselected Swedish male population.

Material And Methods: A random selection of 3345 men throughout Sweden, aged between 41 and 80, was contacted by telephone and evaluated according to International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS). The responders were then sent two different questionnaires based on degree of LUTS, IPSS <8 or >7.

Insulin and free oestradiol are independent risk factors for benign prostatic hyperplasia.

The aetiology of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) remains unclear. The objective of the present study was to test the insulin, oestradiol and metabolic syndrome hypotheses as promoters of BPH. The design was a risk factor analysis of BPH in which the total prostate gland volume was related to endocrine and anthropometric factors.

Hyperinsulinaemia: a prospective risk factor for lethal clinical prostate cancer.

Previous studies have suggested that hyperinsulinaemia and other components of metabolic syndrome are risk factors for clinical prostate cancer. This prospective study tested the hypothesis that hyperinsulinaemia and other components of metabolic syndrome are risk factors for lethal clinical prostate cancer. The clinical, haemodynamic, anthropometric, metabolic and insulin profile at baseline in men who had died from clinical prostate cancer during follow-up was compared with the profile of men who were still alive at follow-up.

Clinical, haemodynamic, anthropometric, metabolic and insulin profile of men with high-stage and high-grade clinical prostate cancer.

Aims: Previous studies have shown that non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), hypertension, atherosclerotic disease manifestations, tallness, obesity, dyslipidaemia, hyperuricaemia, hyperinsulinaemia and high alanine aminotransferase (ALAT) levels are risk factors for development of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). This indicates that BPH is a component of the metabolic syndrome. In a subsequent study, we found that there was an association between the BPH growth rate and the development of clinical prostate cancer.

Preoperative skin testing of materials used in surgical procedures.

Postoperative skin complications increase health care costs and cause patient suffering. In the OR, patients are exposed to materials with adhesive substances that have the potential to cause allergic or toxic effects on the skin. Intraoperatively and postoperatively, these reactions can result in skin complications.

Components of the metabolic syndrome-risk factors for the development of benign prostatic hyperplasia.

The purpose of the present study was to perform a BPH risk factor analysis in men, relating the prostate gland volume to components of the metabolic syndrome and to identify clues to the etiology of BPH. Our material comprised a consecutive series of 158 patients with lower urinary tract symptoms with or without manifestations of the metabolic syndrome. In this group, the measured volume of the prostate was related consecutively to potential risk factors.

Calculated fast-growing benign prostatic hyperplasia--a risk factor for developing clinical prostate cancer.

Objective: Whether there is an association between the development of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and clinical prostate cancer is controversial. The present report tests the hypothesis of an association between BPH growth and the development of clinical prostate cancer by examining stage, grade and PSA-level in men with recently discovered clinical prostate cancer with slow or fast-growing BPH. If the hypothesis is true, men with fast-growing BPH would have a more advanced clinical prostate cancer.

Hyperinsulinaemia as a risk factor for developing benign prostatic hyperplasia.

Objective: To determine the validity coefficient of the total prostate gland volume as an expression of the transition zone (TZ) volume. To test the hypothesis of hyperinsulinaemia as a causal factor for the development of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).

Patients And Methods: Three hundred and seven consecutive patients with lower urinary tract symptoms were studied.

Clinical, anthropometric, metabolic and insulin profile of men with fast annual growth rates of benign prostatic hyperplasia.

The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis of a causal relationship between high insulin levels and the development of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and to determine the clinical, anthropometric, metabolic and insulin profile in men with fast-growing BPH compared with men with slow-growing BPH. The present study was designed as a risk factor analysis of BPH in which the estimated annual BPH growth rate was related to components of the metabolic syndrome. Two hundred and fifty patients referred to the Urological Section, Department of Surgery, Central Hospital, Varberg, Sweden, with lower urinary tract symptoms with or without manifestations of the metabolic syndrome were consecutively included.

S-phase fraction related to prognosis in localised prostate cancer. No specific significance of chromosome 7 gain or deletion of 7q31.1.

A flow-cytometric (FCM) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) study was performed in 153 patients with clinically localised prostate cancer (PC) to evaluate retrospectively the prognostic significance of DNA ploidy, S-phase fraction (SPF) and chromosome 7 copy number. Deletions in 7q31.1 were analysed in a subset of 26 tumours.

[Saphenous vein-saving surgery--an alternative to stripping].

Over the past 12 years, long saphenous vein-saving surgery has been explored as an alternative to standard stripping at the Dept. of Surgery, Varberg Hospital, Varberg, Sweden. Four-year follow-up has shown vein-saving surgery, based on pre-operative phlebographic mapping of incompetent perforators and their occlusion at surgery, to yield clinical and plethysmographic outcome comparable to that obtained after standard stripping.

Does transurethral resection of a clinically benign prostate gland increase the risk of developing clinical prostate cancer? A 10-year follow-up study.

Background: Theoretical considerations have raised the suspicion that transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) may increase the risk of developing prostate cancer in clinically benign prostate glands. Previous studies have not shown an increased risk among men who had undergone TURP for benign prostatic hyperplasia compared with the risk in age-matched control subjects. However, in all of these studies, all men with stage T1 prostate cancer in the TURP-group were excluded, possibly creating a bias, because no similar exclusion could be made for the controls.

Tuberculosis in a Tulsa high school.

Following the discovery of a high school student with communicable tuberculosis, the Tulsa City-County Health Department skin tested 1,005 persons in the family, community, and school. Of the 931 persons tested at the school, 10 were reactors in March and 33 more were reactors in May. All 5 family members and 4 community contacts were tuberculin reactive.

Norfloxacin as prophylaxis against urethral strictures following transurethral resection of the prostate: an open, prospective, randomized study.

An open, prospective, randomized study was performed to investigate the effect of norfloxacin prophylaxis on stricture formation and operative outcome after transurethral resection of the prostate. After resection, the 359 patients studied were randomly divided into 2 groups: 1) those given norfloxacin as prophylaxis for 15 days following removal of the catheter (norfloxacin group) and 2) those given no antimicrobial prophylaxis during the same period (control group). Of the patients 94 were excluded.

Suprapubic catheter following transurethral resection of the prostate: a way to decrease the number of urethral strictures and improve the outcome of operations.

A prospective, randomized study was done to investigate the role of transurethral catheters in stricture formation after transurethral resection of the prostate. The operative outcome after using transurethral catheters made of 2 different materials compared with suprapubic catheters was also investigated. We studied 344 patients who underwent transurethral resection of the prostate.

Acute lower limb ischemia: failure of anticoagulant treatment to improve one-month results of arterial thromboembolectomy. A prospective randomized multi-center study.

The value of short-term anticoagulant treatment in improving the early outcome in patients operated on for acute lower-limb ischemia has been debated and so far unproven. In this prospective randomized multi-center study, 188 such patients were randomized on admission, either to preoperative and postoperative anticoagulant medication (AC group, n = 94) or no anticoagulant treatment during the first month after surgery (O group, n = 94). Background factors were evenly distributed in the two groups, and 89% of the cases were considered as embolic.

Long saphenous vein saving surgery for varicose veins. A long-term follow-up.

The autologous saphenous vein is widely recognised as the graft material of choice in infra-inguinal arterial reconstructions. This study was undertaken to evaluate the long-term results of long saphenous vein saving surgery compared with standard stripping. Forty-two patients with varicose veins were randomly allocated to treatment, either with standard stripping of the long saphenous vein or high ligation.