Knockdown Induces Obesity and AHO Features in Early Zebrafish Larvae.

(Guanine Nucleotide-Binding Protein, Alpha Stimulating) is a complex gene that encodes the alpha subunit of the stimulatory G protein (Gα), critical for signaling through various G protein-coupled receptors. Inactivating genetic and epigenetic changes in , resulting in Gα deficiency, cause different variants of pseudohypoparathyroidism, which may manifest features of Albright hereditary osteodystrophy (AHO, a syndrome characterized by early-onset obesity and other developmental defects). Recent findings have linked Gα deficiency with isolated, severe, early-onset obesity, suggesting it as a potential, underrecognized cause of monogenic, non-syndromic obesity.

Evaluating the Effects of BSA-Coated Gold Nanorods on Cell Migration Potential and Inflammatory Mediators in Human Dermal Fibroblasts.

Albumin-coated gold nanoparticles display potential biomedical applications, including cancer research, infection treatment, and wound healing; however, elucidating their interaction with normal cells remains an area with limited exploration. In this study, gold nanorods (GNR) were prepared and coated with bovine serum albumin (BSA) to produce GNR-BSA. The functionalized nanoparticles were characterized based on their optical absorption spectra, morphology, surface charge, and quantity of attached protein.

Identification of Variants in Pediatric Patients with Severe Early-Onset Obesity from Qatar.

The kinase suppressor of Ras 2 () gene is associated with monogenic obesity, and loss-of-function variants in have been identified in individuals with severe early-onset obesity. This study investigated variants in 9 pediatric patients with severe early-onset obesity in Qatar using whole genome sequencing among a cohort of 240 individuals. We focused on variants with a minor allele frequency (MAF) below 1% and a Combined Annotation Dependent Depletion (CADD) score above 13 to identify potential causative variants.

The impact of intermittent fasting during Ramadan on psychomotor and cognitive skills in adolescent athletes.

Introduction: Intermittent fasting (IF) represents a dietary intervention similar to caloric restriction, characterized by the strategic limitation of food consumption. Among the diverse array of practices for IF, Ramadan IF (RIF), a religious observance in Islam, mandates that healthy adult Muslims abstain from both food and drinks during daylight hours. In sports, researchers have extensively studied IF effects on health, including sleep and physical performance, but its impact on cognitive functions during RIF remains understudied.

RETRACTED: Ahmed et al. Omega-3 Self-Nanoemulsion Role in Gastroprotection against Indomethacin-Induced Gastric Injury in Rats. 2020, , 140.

The journal retracts the article, "Omega-3 Self-Nanoemulsion Role in Gastroprotection against Indomethacin-Induced Gastric Injury in Rats" [...

The role of genetic and epigenetic GNAS alterations in the development of early-onset obesity.

Background: GNAS (guanine nucleotide-binding protein, alpha stimulating) is an imprinted gene that encodes Gα, the α subunit of the heterotrimeric stimulatory G protein. This subunit mediates the signalling of a diverse array of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), including the melanocortin 4 receptor (MC4R) that serves a pivotal role in regulating food intake, energy homoeostasis, and body weight. Genetic or epigenetic alterations in GNAS are known to cause pseudohypoparathyroidism in its different subtypes and have been recently associated with isolated, early-onset, severe obesity.

Functional Characterization of Novel Variants Identified in Two Unrelated Patients with Morbid Obesity in Qatar.

The leptin-melanocortin pathway is pivotal in appetite and energy homeostasis. Pathogenic variants in genes involved in this pathway lead to severe early-onset monogenic obesity (MO). The gene plays a central role in leptin-melanocortin signaling, and heterozygous variants in this gene are the most common cause of MO.

STIM1 signals through NFAT1 independently of Orai1 and SOCE to regulate breast cancer cell migration.

Store-operated calcium entry (SOCE) contributes to several physiological and pathological conditions including transcription, secretion, immunodeficiencies, and cancer. SOCE has been shown to be important for breast cancer cell migration where knockdown of SOCE components (STIM1 or Orai1) decreases cancer metastasis. Here we show unexpectedly that complete knockout of STIM1 (STIM1-KO) using gene editing in metastatic MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells results in faster migration and enhanced invasion capacity.

Trimetazidine alleviates paclitaxel-induced peripheral neuropathy through modulation of TLR4/p38/NF-κB and klotho protein expression.

Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy is a common adverse effect associated with a number of chemotherapeutic agents including paclitaxel (PTX) which is used in a wide range of solid tumors. Development of PTX-induced peripheral neuropathy (PIPN) during cancer treatment requires dose reduction which limits its clinical benefits. This study is conducted to investigate the role of toll like receptor-4 (TLR4) /p38 signaling and Klotho protein expression in PIPN and the role of trimetazidine (TMZ) in this pathway.

Prediction of Graduate Learners' Academic Achievement in an Online Learning Environment Using a Blended Trauma Course.

Background: The concepts of online and blended education came into the limelight in the 19th century. Over time, the concepts expanded and reached a peak in 2021 in response to the COVID-19 lockdown. One of the challenges is the monitoring of the performance of distant learners.

The Severity of Acute Kidney and Lung Injuries Induced by Cecal Ligation and Puncture Is Attenuated by Menthol: Role of Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen and Apoptotic Markers.

Objective: Sepsis-induced acute lung injury (ALI) and acute kidney injury (AKI) are major causes of mortality. Menthol is a natural compound that has anti-inflammatory and antioxidative actions. Since exaggerated inflammatory and oxidative stress are characteristics of sepsis, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of menthol against sepsis-induced mortality, ALI, and AKI.

The survivorship and factors affecting the outcome of the use of spring plates in multifragmentary posterior wall acetabular fractures at a single academic institution.

Background: Multifragmentary posterior wall fractures are not uncommon after posterior hip fracture-dislocation. They can be elementary but are commonly associated with transverse acetabular fractures. Specific technical challenges are encountered when managing these fracture patterns.

Do entrustment scales make a difference in the inter-rater reliability of the workplace-based assessment?

Background: A workplace-based assessment (WBA) is used to assess learners' competencies in their workplaces. Many workplace assessment tools are available and validated to assess various constructs. The implementation of workplace-based assessment requires proper training of the staff.

Lateral Compression Sacral Fractures Have Less Favourable Outcome Compared to Crescent Fractures in Patients Less Than 50 Years Old.

Background: Lateral compression (LC) accounts for a wide spectrum of pelvic ring injuries (PRIs). The primary aim of this study was to assess the health-related quality of life outcomes of surgically fixed LC crescent versus sacral fractures in patients less than 50 years old after high energy trauma.

Material And Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the database for PRIs treated surgically from Decem-ber 2011 to January 2019 at our tertiary level trauma centre.

The outcome of the uncemented acetabular component in delayed total hip arthroplasty following acetabular fractures.

Aims: After failed acetabular fractures, total hip arthroplasty (THA) is a challenging procedure and considered the gold standard treatment. The complexity of the procedure depends on the fracture pattern and the initial fracture management. This study's primary aim was to evaluate patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) for patients who underwent delayed uncemented acetabular THA after acetabular fractures.

Phosphorylation of STIM1 at ERK/CDK sites is dispensable for cell migration and ER partitioning in mitosis.

Store-operated Ca entry (SOCE) is a ubiquitous Ca influx pathway required for multiple physiological functions including cell motility. SOCE is triggered in response to depletion of intracellular Ca stores following the activation of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Ca sensor STIM1, which recruits the plasma membrane (PM) Ca channel Orai1 at ER-PM junctions. STIM1 is phosphorylated dynamically, and this phosphorylation has been implicated in several processes including SOCE inactivation during M-phase, maximal SOCE activation, ER segregation during mitosis, and cell migration.

Functional outcome and health-related quality of life following ipsilateral femoral and acetabular fractures: a retrospective analysis.

Introduction: The combination of ipsilateral femoral and acetabular fractures is known in the literature as the "Floating hip injury". The primary aim of this study is to assess both generic and specific patient-reported outcomes and the factors affecting the quality of life in patients sustaining this injury, while the secondary aim was to assess the injury patterns and the associated complications.

Methods: A retrospective study including 27 patients according to specific inclusion and exclusion criteria.

Store Operated Calcium Entry in Cell Migration and Cancer Metastasis.

Ca signaling is ubiquitous in eukaryotic cells and modulates many cellular events including cell migration. Directional cell migration requires the polarization of both signaling and structural elements. This polarization is reflected in various Ca signaling pathways that impinge on cell movement.

The CO photoconversion over reduced graphene oxide based on Ag/TiO photocatalyst in an advanced meso-scale continuous-flow photochemical reactor.

This study aims at examining the use of an advanced meso-scale continuous-flow photochemical reactor for the photocatalytic conversion of CO with water into fuel over TiO (P25), Ag/TiO, and Ag/TiO/RGO catalysts. The silver loaded photocatalysts were prepared by one-step process via hydrothermal method. The prepared photocatalysts were characterized by various characterization techniques in order to identify the morphological, chemical, physical, and optical properties.

Correction: Membrane progesterone receptor induces meiosis in Xenopus oocytes through endocytosis into signaling endosomes and interaction with APPL1 and Akt2.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.

The carboxy terminal coiled-coil modulates Orai1 internalization during meiosis.

Regulation of Ca signaling is critical for the progression of cell division, especially during meiosis to prepare the egg for fertilization. The primary Ca influx pathway in oocytes is Store-Operated Ca Entry (SOCE). SOCE is tightly regulated during meiosis, including internalization of the SOCE channel, Orai1.

Membrane progesterone receptor induces meiosis in Xenopus oocytes through endocytosis into signaling endosomes and interaction with APPL1 and Akt2.

The steroid hormone progesterone (P4) mediates many physiological processes through either nuclear receptors that modulate gene expression or membrane P4 receptors (mPRs) that mediate nongenomic signaling. mPR signaling remains poorly understood. Here we show that the topology of mPRβ is similar to adiponectin receptors and opposite to that of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs).