Running Distance and Biomechanical Risk Factors for Plantar Fasciitis: A One-Year Prospective 4HAIE Cohort Study.

Introduction: Plantar fasciitis (PF) is one of the most common running-related injuries.

Purpose: The aim of this prospective study was to determine the incidence of PF and identify potential risk or protective factors for PF in runners and non-runners.

Methods: Data from 1206 participants from the 4HAIE cohort study (563 females/643 males; 715 runners/491 non-runners; 18-65 years of age) were included in the analysis.

Electric Field-Induced Sequential Prototropic Tautomerism in Enzyme-like Nanopocket Created by Single Molecular Break Junction.

Mastering the control of external stimuli-induced chemical transformations with detailed insights into the mechanistic pathway is the key for developing efficient synthetic strategies and designing functional molecular systems. Enzymes, the most potent biological catalysts, efficiently utilize their built-in electric field to catalyze and control complex chemical reactions within the active site. Herein, we have demonstrated the interfacial electric field-induced prototropic tautomerization reaction in acylhydrazone entities by creating an enzymatic-like nanopocket within the atomically sharp gold electrodes using a mechanically controlled break junction (MCBJ) technique.

STAT trial: stoma or intestinal anastomosis for necrotizing enterocolitis: a multicentre randomized controlled trial.

Purpose: The STAT trial is a multicenter randomized controlled trial in 12 centers worldwide aiming to determine the most effective operation for neonates with necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) requiring intestinal resection: stoma formation (ST) or primary anastomosis (PA).

Methods: Infants having a primary laparotomy for NEC were randomized intraoperatively to PA or ST if the operating surgeon thought that both were viable treatment options for that patient. The primary outcome (duration of parenteral nutrition [PN]) was evaluated by Cox regression.

Clinical Pilot of a Deep Learning Elastic Registration Algorithm to Improve Misregistration Artifact and Image Quality on Routine Oncologic PET/CT.

Rationale And Objectives: Misregistration artifacts between the PET and attenuation correction CT (CTAC) exams can degrade image quality and cause diagnostic errors. Deep learning (DL)-warped elastic registration methods have been proposed to improve misregistration errors.

Materials And Methods: 30 patients undergoing routine oncologic examination (20 F-FDG PET/CT and 10 Cu-DOTATATE PET/CT) were retrospectively identified and compared using unmodified CTAC, and a DL-augmented spatial transformation CT attenuation map.

Determining the optimum number of cycles for calculating joint coordination and its variability during running at different speeds: A timeseries analysis.

Understanding the intricacies of human movement coordination and variability during running is crucial to unraveling the dynamics of locomotion, identifying potential injury mechanisms and understanding skill development. Identification of minimum number of cycles for calculation of reliable coordination and its variability could help with better test organization and efficient assessment time. By adopting a cross-sectional study design, this study investigated the minimum required cycles for calculating hip-knee, hip-ankle and knee-ankle coordination and their variability using a continuous relative phase (CRP) method.

Making the Most of Nothing: One-Class Classification for Single-Molecule Transport Studies.

Single-molecule experiments offer a unique means to probe molecular properties of individual molecules-yet they rest upon the successful control of background noise and irrelevant signals. In single-molecule transport studies, large amounts of data that probe a wide range of physical and chemical behaviors are often generated. However, due to the stochasticity of these experiments, a substantial fraction of the data may consist of blank traces where no molecular signal is evident.

Technical note: Can photon-counting CT improve PET/CT's quantitative accuracy?

Background: Linear attenuation coefficients (LACs) in positron emission tomography combined with computed tomography (PET/CT) are derived from CT scans that utilize energy-integrating detectors (EID-CT). These LACs are inaccurate when iodine contrast has been injected. Photon counting detector CT (PCD-CT) may be able to improve the accuracy.

Does an acute transition to different footwear conditions affect walking patterns in people with different experiences of minimalist footwear?

Background: Minimalistic footwear provides adequate toe space, tripod function, improving foot function, muscle activation and stability during walking similarly to barefoot walking. Due to the increasing popularity of this specific footwear, there is a lack of research focusing on general users of minimalistic footwear.

Research Question: Does annual walking in minimalistic footwear affect gait biomechanics?

Methods: Cross-sectional study involving twenty participants in a minimalistic footwear group with both experience (MFE) and no experience (NMFE).

Response of Knee Joint Biomechanics to Landing Under Internal and External Focus of Attention in Female Volleyball Players.

The aim of this study was to examine the effect of attentional focus instructions on the biomechanical variables associated with the risk of anterior cruciate ligament injury of the knee joint during a drop landing task using a time series analysis. Ten female volleyball players (age: 20.4 ± 0.

Does Deep Squat Quality Affect the Propulsion of Baseball Throwing?

This study investigates the influence of the quality of the "deep squat" movement, adapted from the Functional Movement Screen (FMS) system, on the lower extremity movement pattern during baseball throwing, and its potential impact on throwing performance and propulsion efficiency. Twenty-two baseball players were recruited and categorized into two groups: 13 in the high-score squat group (HSS) and 9 in the low-score squat group (LSS), based on their deep squat screening results. This research explored disparities in ball velocity, propulsion efficiency, propulsion ground reaction force (GRF) characteristics, and throwing kinematics between these two groups.

Chemistry of the Au-Thiol Interface through the Lens of Single-Molecule Flicker Noise Measurements.

Chemistry of the Au-S interface at the nanoscale is one of the most complex systems to study, as the nature and strength of the Au-S bond change under different experimental conditions. In this study, using mechanically controlled break junction technique, we probed the conductance and analyzed Flicker noise for several aliphatic and aromatic thiol derivatives and thioethers. We demonstrate that Flicker noise can be used to unambiguously differentiate between stronger chemisorption (Au-SR) and weaker physisorption (Au-SRR') type interactions.

A data mining approach for determining biomechanical adaptations in runners who experienced and recovered from patellofemoral pain syndrome.

Patellofemoral pain (PFP) is a common musculoskeletal pain disorder experienced by runners. While biomechanics of those with PFP have been extensively studied, methodological considerations may omit important adaptations exhibited by those experiencing and recovered from pain. Instead of selection of discrete biomechanical variables, a data mining approach was leveraged to account for the high dimensionality of running gait data.

Regular Running Is Related to the Knee Joint Cartilage Structure in Healthy Adults.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine whether regular running distance and biomechanics are related to medial central femur cartilage (MCFC) structure.

Methods: The cross-sectional study sample consisted of 1164 runners and nonrunners aged 18-65 yr. Participants completed questionnaires on physical activity and their running history.

Psychological Safety and Hierarchy in Operating Room Debriefing: Reflexive Thematic Analysis.

Introduction: Debriefing is a team discussion in a constructive, supportive environment. Barriers exist to consistent, effective team debriefing in the clinical setting, especially in operating theaters. The purpose of this study was to gain insights from frontline workers on how to set up an effective debriefing policy for our operating room.

Reflexive thematic analysis of a coaching-based, holistic approach to child development.

Background: The F-words Life Wheel (FWLW) approaches child development by hybridizing a holistic model in the F-words for Child Development, and a coaching model in Occupational Performance Coaching, along with a life-flow approach in the Kawa model. We report the impact of the FWLW as experienced by families.

Methods: This was a qualitative interview study of parents of children with developmental needs and experts in child development using reflexive thematic analysis.

Agreement between Patient-reported Pain Medication Use and Electronic Medical Record Data in Surgical Amputation Patients.

Background: Opioid misuse after surgery remains a public health crisis in the United States. Recent efforts have focused on tracking pain medication use in surgical populations. However, accurate interpretations of medication use remain quite challenging given inconsistent usage of different datasets.

Energy-based scatter estimation in clinical PET.

Background: Scatter correction (SC) is essential in PET for accurate quantitative imaging. The state-of-the-art SC method is single-scatter simulation (SSS). Although this method is usually robust and accurate, it can fail in some situations, for example when there is motion between the CT and PET scans in PET/CT.

BMI is Not Associated with Chest-Specific Body Image, Complications or Revisions in Gender-Affirming Mastectomy: A Single-Center Cross-Sectional Study.

Objective: To analyze the impact of Body Mass Index (BMI) on clinical and patient-reported outcomes following gender-affirming mastectomy (GM).

Background: BMI is a barrier for obese patients seeking GM despite increasing evidence that it is safe in this population. Currently little is known about the impact of BMI on chest-specific body image and satisfaction following GM.

Long-Term Regret and Satisfaction With Decision Following Gender-Affirming Mastectomy.

Importance: There has been increasing legislative interest in regulating gender-affirming surgery, in part due to the concern about decisional regret. The regret rate following gender-affirming surgery is thought to be approximately 1%; however, previous studies relied heavily on ad hoc instruments.

Objective: To evaluate long-term decisional regret and satisfaction with decision using validated instruments following gender-affirming mastectomy.

Achilles tendon dimensions, ankle stiffness and footfall patterns in recreational runners.

The main purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship among Achilles tendon (AT) dimensions, ankle joint stiffness, and footfall patterns in recreational rearfoot and non-rearfoot runners. Based on the foot strike index, a total of 107 runners were divided into rearfoot (47 females/40 males) and non-rearfoot runners (14 females/6 males). All participants had theirs AT dimensions (AT length, AT thickness, and AT moment arm) measured using a combination of ultrasound and motion capture systems.

Physical well-being recovery trajectories by reconstruction modality in women undergoing mastectomy and breast reconstruction: Significant predictors and health-related quality of life outcomes.

Objectives: We sought to identify trajectories of patient-reported outcomes, specifically physical well-being of the chest (PWBC), in patients who underwent postmastectomy breast reconstruction, and further assessed its significant predictors, and its relationship with health-related quality of life (HRQOL).

Methods: We used data collected as part of the Mastectomy Reconstruction Outcomes Consortium study within a 2-year follow-up in 2012-2017, with 1422, 1218,1199, and 1417 repeated measures at assessment timepoints of 0,3,12, and 24 months, respectively. We performed latent class growth analysis (LCGA) in the implant group (IMPG) and autologous group (AUTOG) to identify longitudinal change trajectories, and then assessed its significant predictors, and its relationship with HRQOL by conducting multinomial logistic regression.

Debriefing to improve interprofessional teamwork in the operating room: A systematic review.

Purpose: Debriefing has been pivotal in medical simulation training, but its application to the real-world operating room environment has been challenging. We reviewed the literature on routine surgical debriefing with special reference to its implementation, barriers, and effectiveness.

Design: Descriptive systematic review following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines.

Running-Related Achilles Tendon Injury: A Prospective Biomechanical Study in Recreational Runners.

There are relatively few running studies that have attempted to prospectively identify biomechanical risk factors associated with Achilles tendon (AT) injuries. Therefore, the aim was to prospectively determine potential running biomechanical risk factors associated with the development of AT injuries in recreational, healthy runners. At study entry, 108 participants completed a set of questionnaires.

Does lateral banking and radius affect well-trained sprinters and team-sports players during bend sprinting?

This study investigated the short-term responses of step characteristics in sprinters and team-sports players under different bend conditions. Eight participants from each group completed 80 m sprints in four conditions: banked and flat, in lanes two and four (L2B, L4B, L2F, L4F). Groups showed similar changes in step velocity (SV) across conditions and limbs.