Moisture soft sensor for agitated pan dryers using a hybrid modeling approach.

A hybrid soft sensor model is developed to provide real-time estimations of the moisture content in the Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient (API) wet cake for an agitated pan drying process. The soft sensor is calibrated using data from 5 batches. The estimation accuracy of the soft sensor is demonstrated with additional 21 commercial scale batches.

Application of Raman spectroscopy in monoclonal antibody producing continuous systems for downstream process intensification.

Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are biopharmaceuticals produced by mammalian cell lines in bioreactors at a variety of scales. Cell engineering, media optimization, process monitoring, and control strategies for in vitro production have become crucial subjects to meet increasing demand for these high value pharmaceuticals. Raman Spectroscopy has gained great attention in the pharmaceutical industry for process monitoring and control to maintain quality assurance.

Suppurative appendicitis presenting acute scrotal pain: a rare condition may confuse surgeons.

Scrotal pain presentation has many differential diagnoses such as testicular torsion is surgical emergency. For this reason, it is necessary for surgeons to differentiate between diseases for choosing the best treatment approach. We have reported a rare condition of 19-year-old male case had an atypical scrotal pain presentation of appendicitis.

Popularity and Harms of Aural Foreign Bodies: A Descriptive Study of Patients in Baqiyatallah University Hospital, Tehran, Iran.

Objective: To evaluate the prevalence of external ear complications among Iranian aural foreign body users attending to otolaryngology clinic of our hospital.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study patients attending to Otolaryngology clinics of Baqiyatallah hospital were enrolled regardless of their age, gender and reason of attending. Patients between 15 and 60 years of age were included in the present study.

In-line monitoring of amino acids in mammalian cell cultures using raman spectroscopy and multivariate chemometrics models.

The application of PAT for in-line monitoring of biopharmaceutical manufacturing operations has a central role in developing more robust and consistent processes. Various spectroscopic techniques have been applied for collecting real-time data from cell culture processes. Among these, Raman spectroscopy has been shown to have advantages over other spectroscopic techniques, especially in aqueous culture solutions.

Agent-based modeling of porous scaffold degradation and vascularization: Optimal scaffold design based on architecture and degradation dynamics.

Unlabelled: A multi-layer agent-based model (ABM) of biomaterial scaffold vascularization is extended to consider the effects of scaffold degradation kinetics on blood vessel formation. A degradation model describing the bulk disintegration of porous hydrogels is incorporated into the ABM. The combined degradation-angiogenesis model is used to investigate growing blood vessel networks in the presence of a degradable scaffold structure.

Generic Raman-based calibration models enabling real-time monitoring of cell culture bioreactors.

Raman-based multivariate calibration models have been developed for real-time in situ monitoring of multiple process parameters within cell culture bioreactors. Developed models are generic, in the sense that they are applicable to various products, media, and cell lines based on Chinese Hamster Ovarian (CHO) host cells, and are scalable to large pilot and manufacturing scales. Several batches using different CHO-based cell lines and corresponding proprietary media and process conditions have been used to generate calibration datasets, and models have been validated using independent datasets from separate batch runs.

Pore Interconnectivity Influences Growth Factor-Mediated Vascularization in Sphere-Templated Hydrogels.

Rapid and controlled vascularization within biomaterials is essential for many applications in regenerative medicine. The extent of vascularization is influenced by a number of factors, including scaffold architecture. While properties such as pore size and total porosity have been studied extensively, the importance of controlling the interconnectivity of pores has received less attention.

Agent-based modeling of osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells in porous biomaterials.

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) have shown promise in tissue engineering applications due to their potential for differentiating into mesenchymal tissues such as osteocytes, chondrocytes, and adipocytes and releasing proteins to promote tissue regeneration. One application involves seeding MSCs in biomaterial scaffolds to promote osteogenesis in the repair of bone defects following implantation. However, predicting in vivo survival and differentiation of MSCs in biomaterials is challenging.

Evaluating 3D-printed biomaterials as scaffolds for vascularized bone tissue engineering.

There is an unmet need for a consistent set of tools for the evaluation of 3D-printed constructs. A toolbox developed to design, characterize, and evaluate 3D-printed poly(propylene fumarate) scaffolds is proposed for vascularized engineered tissues. This toolbox combines modular design and non-destructive fabricated design evaluation, evaluates biocompatibility and mechanical properties, and models angiogenesis.

Three-dimensional modeling of angiogenesis in porous biomaterial scaffolds.

Vascularization of biomaterial scaffolds is essential for the successful clinical application of engineered tissues. Experimental studies are often performed to investigate the role of scaffold architecture on vascularized tissue formation. However, experiments are expensive and time-consuming and synthesis protocols often do not allow for independent investigation of specific scaffold properties.

An agent-based model for the investigation of neovascularization within porous scaffolds.

The ability to control blood vessel assembly in polymer scaffolds is important for clinical success in tissue engineering. A mathematical and computational representation of the relationship between scaffold properties and neovascularization may provide a better understanding of the fundamental process itself and help guide the design of new therapeutic approaches. This article proposes a multilayered, multiagent framework to model sprouting angiogenesis in porous scaffolds and examines the impact of pore structure on vessel invasion and network structure.