, a novel species in the section isolated from the rhizosphere of sugarcane in Southwest Iran.

During a survey of species diversity of and in sugarcane () rhizosphere in the Khuzestan province of Iran [1], 195 strains were examined, from which 187 belonged to (11 species) and eight to (one species). In the present study, three strains of belonging to section series , identified as by Ansari . [1], were subjected to a phylogenetic study.

Generation and molecular docking analysis of specific single-chain variable fragments selected by phage display against the recombinant nucleocapsid protein of fig mosaic virus.

The mosaic disease caused by fig mosaic virus (FMV) is considered the plague of fig worldwide. A naïve phage display library, raised against the recombinant nucleocapsid protein of FMV (FMV-Np) was screened to obtain specific monoclonal recombinant antibodies in the form of single chain variable fragments (scFvs). After three rounds of biopanning, the bacterially expressed FMV-Np was used as an antigen for selecting specific phages for the production of specific soluble scFvs to be used in immunological assays.

Production of a polyclonal antiserum against recombinant nucleocapsid protein and its application for the detection of fig mosaic virus.

Mosaic disease (MD), caused by Fig mosaic emaravirus (FMV), is the most important and devastating virus disease of fig trees worldwide. The detection of FMV in infected plants is possible only through the use of molecular techniques, i.e.

sp. nov., a Pathogen on and .

Two strains, isolated from in Italy and in Vietnam respectively, proved to be members of an undescribed clade within the species complex based on phylogenetic species recognition on ITS, partial RPB2 and EF-1α gene fragments. Macro- and micro-morphological investigations followed with physiological studies done on this new species: can be distinguished by its conidial morphology. Both isolates of were shown to be pathogenic to the monocot when inoculated on roots and induced hollow root symptoms within two weeks in seedlings.

Prevalence of Tobacco mosaic virus in Iran and Evolutionary Analyses of the Coat Protein Gene.

The incidence and distribution of Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) and related tobamoviruses was determined using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay on 1,926 symptomatic horticultural crops and 107 asymptomatic weed samples collected from 78 highly infected fields in the major horticultural crop-producing areas in 17 provinces throughout Iran. The results were confirmed by host range studies and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. The overall incidence of infection by these viruses in symptomatic plants was 11.

A synthetic garden of state of the art natural protein nanoarchitectures dispersed in nanofluids.

As a significant discovery in the 20th century, carbon nanotubes are attracting particular attention in many unique fields such as electronics, catalysts, hydrogen storage composites, gas sensors, drug delivery, medical diagnostics, therapeutics and nanofluids. In this project, we focus on self-assembled synthetic special natural protein alpha-lactalbumin nanotubes with different (straight, waved, coiled, regularly bent, branched, beaded) shapes, nanospherical particles, nanorods, nanowires, nanopores, polyhedral (hexagonal network, spherical, cubic) nanostructures, nanochannels, nanofibers, nanosheets, nanoleaves, nanowave branched structures, nanobeads, nanoflowers, nanocapsules, novel nano-hybrids consisting of tubes and rods (new core-shell), nanocrystal shapes, apiary or cobweb, branched nanotubes with Y-junctions, nano membrane structures, nano sweep symmetrical shape, nano sponge structures, nano helical homogeneous structures and nano perpendicular and horizontal stable hollow single-walled natural protein nanotubes (NPNTs). These were successfully synthesized by the chemical hydrolysis sol--gel method and partial biochemical enzymatic hydrolysis by cleavage sites (Asp-X and Glu-X) of the milk protein a-lactalbumin by using various organic surfactants, pH controller functions and divalent metallic salt ions as a binding site or ions ligand formation between two bio-based building blocks to form remarkable various new morphologies in appearance of nanoemulsions and clear green nanofluids, for application in the diet nutrition food science and pharmaceutical industry.

Identification of genes differentially expressed during interaction of Mexican lime tree infected with "Candidatus Phytoplasma aurantifolia".

Background: "Candidatus Phytoplasma aurantifolia", is the causative agent of witches' broom disease in Mexican lime trees (Citrus aurantifolia L.), and is responsible for major losses of Mexican lime trees in Southern Iran and Oman. The pathogen is strictly biotrophic, and thus is completely dependent on living host cells for its survival.

Pathogenicity of Pochonia species on eggs of Meloidogyne javanica.

Among fungi, species of the genus Pochonia Batista & O.M. Fonseca are considered as promising biological control agents with high potential to reduce root-knot nematode (RKN) and nematode populations.