Fixation method can affect posterior tibial slope in opening-wedge high tibial osteotomy: a retrospective study.

Background: Posterior tibial slope (PTS) alterations following open-wedge high tibial osteotomy (OWHTO) can cause instability and excessive tibial translation in the sagittal plane. These changes can be influenced by the type of fixation. This study aims to compare PTS changes between patients undergoing OWHTO with Puddu plate or TomoFix plate fixation.

The results of allogenic cancellous bone graft in medial opening wedge high tibial osteotomy.

Purpose: There is no clear consensus regarding the optimal filling agent in the medial opening wedge high tibial osteotomy (MOWHTO). In this study, we evaluated the clinical and radiologic outcomes of MOWHTO with an allogeneic cancellous bone graft and TomoFix plate.

Methods: Medical profiles of 122 patients who underwent MOWHTO with cancellous bone graft from iliac crest were retrospectively reviewed.

Gait initiation and lateral wedge insole for individuals with early knee osteoarthritis.

Background: People with knee osteoarthritis are at higher risk of postural deficits and locomotor adaptations which could be manifested in transient tasks like gait initiation. To better understand the effect of early knee osteoarthritis on gait initiation, we measured the gait initiation in two groups of early knee osteoarthritis and healthy age-matched controls and assessed the effect of lateral wedge insole in knee osteoarthritis group.

Methods: Twenty-one individuals with early knee osteoarthritis, mean (SD) age = 53.

The effect of a lateral wedge insole and a subtalar strap on gait parameters in knee osteoarthritis.

Lateral wedge insole (LWI) aims to reduce loading on medial compartment of tibiofemoral joint in mild knee osteoarthritis (KOA). This effect may be augmented by concomitant use of subtalar strap to fix the ankle joint. Moreover, longitudinal arch support embedded in insoles can cause foot comfort and may be beneficial for people with KOA.

A systematic review on the validity and reliability of tape measurement method in leg length discrepancy.

Leg length discrepancy measurement is an essential part of musculoskeletal clinical assessment, and tape measurement is a common clinical method. This study aimed to systematically review the results of the findings of studies on validity and reliability of the tape measurement method and the quality of reporting the literature on this topic. A search was performed in PubMed, EBSCO, Science Direct, Web of Knowledge, Scopus, Embase, and Google Scholar using selected keywords from inception to December 2017.

Elastic Modulus Maturation Effect on Shrinkage Stress in a Primary Molar Restored with Tooth-Colored Materials.

Polymerization shrinkage stress is determined by shrinkage as well as elastic modulus. Elastic modulus develops during polymerization. This study evaluated how elastic modulus affects shrinkage stresses in a primary molar for three types of restorative materials.

Knee osteoarthritis at the early stage: The four-week effect of lateral wedge insole on pain and risk of falls.

Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is associated with a decrease in function, increase in pain and risk of falls. Lateral wedge insole (LWI) is commonly prescribed in KOA to improve pain and function. Our study aimed to 1) evaluate the clinical symptoms and risk of falls in early KOA and compare with controls; 2) evaluate the immediate and four-week effect of LWI.

Evaluation of Methylobacterium radiotolerance and Sphyngomonas yanoikoaie in Sentinel Lymph Nodes of Breast Cancer Cases.

It has been established that different kinds of bacteria agents are involved in various cancers. Although the mechanism of tumorigenesis is not clearly understood, there is evidence for the presence of bacteria within tumors, with at least a progression effect for some bacteria that prepare suitable microenvironments for tumor cell growth. The aim of current study was to evaluate bacterial dysbiosis in sentinel lymph nodes of breast cancer patients.

The immediate effect of lateral wedge insoles, with and without a subtalar strap, on the lateral trunk lean motion in patients with knee osteoarthritis.

Background: Orthotic interventions for knee osteoarthritis (OA) aim to reduce mechanical loading on the medial compartment of the knee and may lessen the lateral trunk lean as the most important compensatory gait strategy. The lateral wedge insole is a known orthotic intervention for knee OA. However, the question whether the addition of a subtalar strap to the wedge improves its effect has not been addressed in the literature.

Neglected triceps tendon avulsion: case report, literature review, and a new repair method.

Triceps tendon rupture or avulsion is a rare tendon injury. The most common feature of injury is avulsion from osseous insertion on the olecranon. The diagnosis of acute triceps tendon rupture may be missed, and a missed diagnosis can result in prolonged disability and delayed operative management.

Fulminant spread of a femur anaerobic osteomyelitis to abdomen in a 17-year-old boy.

To our knowledge, distant spread of infection in anaerobic osteomyelitis has not been described before. In this article, we report a case of anaerobic osteomyelitis of femur with fulminant spread of infection to the abdomen in a 17-year-old boy with no predisposing medical factors and minimal bone involvement.

Ineffectiveness of folic acid supplementation against phenytoin-induced decrease in salivary immunoglobulin A concentration of epileptic patients.

Aims: This study was designed to investigate if folate treatment is able to reverse the phenytoin-induced deficiency of salivary immunoglobulin A (IgA).

Methods And Material: Twenty-five epileptic patients who had been under phenytoin therapy for at least the last 6 months were randomly selected and subjected to folic acid supplementation, 1 mg/day. The salivary IgA concentration of these patients was measured before and after 2 months of folic acid administration and compared with those of 10 healthy individuals.

Assessment of the effects of 2 sedation regimens on cardiopulmonary parameters in pediatric dental patients: a retrospective study.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the cardiopulmonary effects of 2 sedation regimens during treatment: (1) oral meperidine and hydroxyzine with nitrous oxide (N2O); and (2) oral diazepam and hydroxyzine, submucosal meperidine, and N2O. Nitrous oxide was tapered to oxygen (O2) only 10 minutes following submucosal meperidine administration.

Methods: Sixty-two children were evaluated who met the following criteria: (1) history of uncooperative behavior; (2) ASA I or II; (3) nothing to eat or drink after midnight the night before the appointment; (4) an initial/recall exam prior to the sedation appointment; and (4) patients who met the American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry guidelines for sedation.

Novel site-specific systemic delivery of Rapamycin with perfluorobutane gas microbubble carrier reduced neointimal formation in a porcine coronary restenosis model.

Earlier studies demonstrated that perfluorobutane gas microbubble carrier (PGMC) adheres to injured arteries and enhances the drug uptake specifically into the cells of the denuded vessel segment. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of PGMC-based systemic delivery of Rapamycin on expression of p27 in vascular tissue and restenosis in porcine coronary arteries after stent implantation. Eight pigs underwent coronary stent implantation (three stents per animal).

Transepicardial autologous bone marrow-derived mononuclear cell therapy in a porcine model of chronically infarcted myocardium.

Objective: Cell therapy is becoming a viable strategy to improve revascularization and myocardial function after myocardial injury. We evaluated the effect of bone marrow-derived mononuclear cell (BMMNC) transplantation on collateral vessel development and myocardial function in a porcine model of chronically infarcted heart.

Methods: Myocardial infarction was produced in 13 domestic swine.

Systemic targeted delivery of antisense with perflourobutane gas microbubble carrier reduced neointimal formation in the porcine coronary restenosis model.

Hypothesis: The antisense phosphorodiamidate morpholino oligomer (PMO), AVI-4126, has been effective in reducing neointimal formation in animal models following delivery by pluronic gels, local delivery catheters and coated stents. Greater flexibility of repeated-dosage regimens and reduced procedure complexity may be provided by systemic injection of AVI-4126 bound to perfluorobutane gas microbubble carriers. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of perfluorocarbon gas microbubble carrier (PGMC)-based systemic delivery of AVI-4126 on expression of the c-myc in vascular tissue and restenosis after stent implantation.

Radiation-induced atherosclerotic plaque progression in a hypercholesterolemic rabbit: a prospective vulnerable plaque model?

Purpose: Human observations provide rich soil for making hypotheses, but good animal models are essential for understanding the disease and to test treatment modalities. Currently, there is no standard animal model of vulnerable plaque; therefore, the purpose of this study is to develop a pathophysiologically relevant vulnerable plaque model.

Methods: New Zealand White rabbits were fed with 1% hypercholesterolemic (HC) diet for 7 days, followed by balloon denudation of both the iliac arteries, and continued on 1% HC diet.

Effect of direct stenting on clinical outcome in patients treated with percutaneous coronary intervention on saphenous vein graft.

Background: Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) of saphenous vein graft (SVG) is associated with frequent postprocedural enzyme elevation and late cardiac events. New strategies are proposed to minimize distal embolization and to improve the outcome of patients treated with stenting for SVG lesions. The objectives of the current study were to examine direct stenting (DS) strategy of PCI in SVG lesions and its effects on creatine-kinase (CK) release, major adverse cardiac events (MACE), and late outcome when compared to conventional stenting (CS).

Time course of stent endothelialization after intravascular radiation therapy in rabbit iliac arteries.

Background: Late total occlusion after vascular brachytherapy (VBT) continues to be a serious complication. Delayed reendothelialization was suggested as a pivotal cause, but the time course for complete healing is unknown.

Methods And Results: Seventy-two rabbit iliac arteries underwent stent implantation and were treated with gamma-radiation using 192Ir.

Safety and efficacy of manual stepping and overlapping of beta-emitter for diffuse in-stent restenosis lesions.

Background: The effects of overlapping beta-emitter sources on the treatment of in-stent restenosis (ISR) lesions as a result of manual stepping are unknown.

Methods And Results: In the BETA WRIST (Beta Washington Radiation for In-stent Restenosis Trial), 17 out of the 50 patients who received radiation treatment had diffuse ISR in native coronaries that required manual stepping of the beta-emitter (90Y) source in order to cover the lesion and the edges. Fourteen of those patients received radiation with an overlap of up to 3 mm in the middle of the stented segment.

How to fix the edge effect of catheter-based radiation therapy in stented arteries.

Background: Edge stenosis remains a serious limitation of catheter-based vascular brachytherapy (VBT). This study aims to identify the mechanisms and evaluate strategies to minimize edge restenosis in patients treated with VBT.

Methods And Results: Thirty-four porcine stented coronary arteries were irradiated (doses of 15 or 22 Gy) with (192)Ir trains of either 6 seeds (23 mm) with 0 mm coverage at the distal stent edge and 10 mm at the proximal stent edge or 14 seeds (55 mm) centered at the distal edge of the stent with 27.

Effectiveness of radioactive tungsten source in the prevention of restenosis in stented porcine coronary arteries.

Purpose: Intracoronary radiation has shown the potential to inhibit neointimal proliferation in porcine models of restenosis. The objective of this study was to determine whether intracoronary radiation using a new coiled wire of tungsten-188 ((188)W), a pure beta emitter (half-life 69.4 days) is safe.

Intramural coronary delivery of advanced antisense oligonucleotides reduces neointimal formation in the porcine stent restenosis model.

Objectives: We evaluated the long-term influence of intramural delivery of advanced c-myc neutrally charged antisense oligonucleotides (Resten-NG) on neointimal hyperplasia after stenting in a pig model.

Background: Neointimal hyperplasia after percutaneous coronary interventions is one of the key components of the restenotic process. The c-myc is a critical cell division cycle protein involved in the formation of neointima.