New insights into the phylogeny of Carasobarbus Karaman, 1971 (Actinopterygii, Cyprinidae) with the description of three new species.

Fishes from the genus Carasobarbus, widely distributed throughout the river systems of North Africa and West Asia, are commonly referred to as Himris. In the Persian Gulf basin, they are widespread and are also found in fast-flowing rivers or the deeper regions of lakes. In this region, representation of these fishes in scientific collections is scarce, and except for C.

Multiple ancestries and shared gene flow among modern livestock guarding dogs.

Livestock guarding dogs (LGDs) have been used to protect livestock for millennia. While previous works suggested a single origin of modern LGDs, the degree and source of shared ancestry have not been tested. To address this, we generated genome-wide SNP data from 304 LGDs and combined it with public genomic data from 2,183 modern and 22 ancient dogs.

Cabdio occidentalis, a new species from Lake Mashkid basin and the Makran region (Teleostei: Danionidae).

Cabdio occidentalis, new species, is described from the Lake Mashkid basin and the Makran region of Iran. It is distinguished from other species of the genus by a combination of characters: 3842+12 total lateral-line scales, 1923 predorsal scales, 911 pectoral-fin rays, and the absence of a keel between the pelvic-fin base and the genital papilla. The cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) sequence separates C.

Genomes from historical Drosophila melanogaster specimens illuminate adaptive and demographic changes across more than 200 years of evolution.

The ability to perform genomic sequencing on long-dead organisms is opening new frontiers in evolutionary research. These opportunities are especially notable in the case of museum collections, from which countless documented specimens may now be suitable for genomic analysis-if data of sufficient quality can be obtained. Here, we report 25 newly sequenced genomes from museum specimens of the model organism Drosophila melanogaster, including the oldest extant specimens of this species.

An evaluation of DNA extraction methods on historical and roadkill mammalian specimen.

Guidelines identifying appropriate DNA extraction methods for both museum and modern biological samples are scarce or non-existent for mammalian species. Yet, obtaining large-scale genetic material collections are vital for conservation and management purposes. In this study, we evaluated five protocols making use of either spin-column, organic solvents, or magnetic bead-based methods for DNA extraction on skin samples from both modern, traffic-killed (n = 10) and museum (n = 10) samples of European hedgehogs, Ericaneus europaeus.

Glyptothorax vatandousti, a new species of torrent catfish from the upper Karkheh drainage in Iran (Teleostei: Sisoridae).

Glyptothorax vatandousti, new species, from the upper Karkheh drainage, a tributary of the Iranian Tigris, is distinguished from its congeners in the Persian Gulf basin by having the flank with a fine, pale-brown mottled pattern overlaid by small and large, blackish or dark-brown blotches, deep caudal-peduncle (its depth 1.1-1.3 times in length), and without, or with a pale-brown triangle-shaped blotch in front of dorsal-fin origin.

Barbus urmianus, a synonym of Barbus cyri (Teleostei: Cyprinidae).

Barbus urmianus, from the upper Mahabad River in Lake Urmia basin, was distinguished from B. cyri based on several morphological characters. Our analysis demonstrated very small molecular (COI) differences between both species and mostly overlapping or identic morphological character states.

The evolutionary journey of freshwater crabs of the genus Potamon (Decapoda: Brachyura: Potamidae).

Aim: Freshwater ecosystems host a rich biodiversity, including freshwater crabs. The family Potamidae is a diverse group of freshwater crabs with a Palearctic and Oriental distribution. Specifically, the genus Potamon is found in the Middle East, Southern Europe, and Northern Africa.

Barcoding and species delimitation of Iranian freshwater crabs of the Potamidae family (Decapoda: Brachyura).

Freshwater ecosystems are under multiple threats in modern times such as water extraction for human consumption, industries and agricultural activities, water contamination and habitat destruction for example. At the same time the biodiversity of these ecosystems are often poorly studied, especially in arid countries such as Iran. In this work, we study one of the ecologically important members of Iranian freshwater fauna, freshwater crab species of the genus Potamon.

Exploring bycatch diversity of organisms in whole genome sequencing of Erebidae moths (Lepidoptera).

Models estimate that up to 80% of all butterfly and moth species host vertically transmitted endosymbiotic microorganisms, which can affect the host fitness, metabolism, reproduction, population dynamics, and genetic diversity, among others. The supporting empirical data are however currently highly biased towards the generally more colourful butterflies, and include less information about moths. Additionally, studies of symbiotic partners of Lepidoptera predominantly focus on the common bacterium Wolbachia pipientis, while infections by other inherited microbial partners have more rarely been investigated.

Ichthyofauna From Iranian Freshwater: Annotated Checklist, Diagnosis, Taxonomy, Distribution and Conservation Assessment.

This is an annotated checklist of all the recognized and named taxa of freshwater fishes in Iran. It documents recent changes and controversies in the nomenclature and includes primary synonyms updated from the Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. (2015b) checklist.

Phylogeography and Population Genetic Analyses in the Iberian Toothcarp (Aphanius iberus Valenciennes, 1846) at Different Time Scales.

Secondary freshwater fish species inhabiting fluctuating and extreme environments are susceptible to changes in dispersion, effective population size, and genetic structure. The Iberian toothcarp Aphanius iberus is an endemic cyprinodontid of the Iberian Peninsula restricted to brackish water of salt marshes and coastal lagoons on the eastern Spanish Mediterranean coast. In this study, we analyzed mitochondrial cytochrome b (cyt b) DNA and microsatellite variation to evaluate ways in which the processes of extinction, dispersal, and colonization of A.

A new species of the genus Valenciennes, 1842 from the Caspian Sea basin in Iran (Teleostei, Cyprinidae).

A new species of algae-scraping cyprinid of the genus Valenciennes, 1842 is described from the Kheyroud River, located in the southern part of the Caspian Sea basin in Iran. The species differs from other members of this genus by a combination of the following characters: one pair of barbels; predorsal length equal to postdorsal length; maxillary barbel slightly smaller than eye's horizontal diameter and reach to posterior margin of orbit; intranasal length slightly shorter than snout length; lateral line with 46-54 scales; 7-9 scales between dorsal-fin origin and lateral line, and 6-7 scales between anal-fin origin and lateral line.

Phylogenetic relationships of freshwater fishes of the genus (Actinopterygii, Cyprinidae) in Iran.

The Middle East contains a great diversity of species, but their taxonomy remains poorly described. We used mitochondrial history to examine diversity of the algae-scraping cyprinid in Iran, applying the species-delimiting approaches General Mixed Yule-Coalescent (GMYC) and Poisson Tree Process (PTP) as well as haplotype network analyses. Using the BEAST program, we also examined temporal divergence patterns of .

Evolutionary history of the genus Trisopterus.

The group of small poor cods and pouts from the genus Trisopterus, belonging to the Gadidae family, comprises four described benthopelagic species that occur across the North-eastern Atlantic, from the Baltic Sea to the coast of Morocco, and the Mediterranean. Here, we combined molecular data from mitochondrial (cytochrome b) and nuclear (rhodopsin) genes to confirm the taxonomic status of the described species and to disentangle the evolutionary history of the genus. Our analyses supported the monophyly of the genus Trisopterus and confirmed the recently described species Trisopterus capelanus.