Rapid and automatic burned area detection using sentinel-2 time-series images in google earth engine cloud platform: a case study over the Andika and Behbahan Regions, Iran.

For proper forest management, accurate detection and mapping of burned areas are needed, yet the practice is difficult to perform due to the lack of an appropriate method, time, and expense. It is also critical to obtain accurate information about the density and distribution of burned areas in a large forest and vegetated areas. For the most efficient and up-to-date mapping of large areas, remote sensing is one of the best technologies.

Central nervous system manifestations in COVID-19 patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: At the end of December 2019, a novel respiratory infection, initially reported in China, known as COVID-19 initially reported in China, and later known as COVID-19, led to a global pandemic. Despite many studies reporting respiratory infections as the primary manifestations of this illness, an increasing number of investigations have focused on the central nervous system (CNS) manifestations in COVID-19. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the CNS presentations in COVID-19 patients in an attempt to identify the common CNS features and provide a better overview to tackle this new pandemic.

Colchicine Myopathy: A Case Series Including Muscle MRI and Polymorphism Data.

Colchicine is a medication most commonly used in the treatment of gout and familial mediterannean fever. A rare complication of therapy is toxicity causing proximal myopathy and polyneuropathy. Colchicine myopathy has been associated with the coadministration of other medications with colchicine, such as statins or tacrolimus, and is more common in patients with renal impairment.

Ultrasound in Multifocal Motor Neuropathy: Clinical and Electrophysiological Correlations.

Objectives: Multifocal motor neuropathy (MMN) is a treatable autoimmune polyneuropathy, which may prove challenging diagnostically in the setting of absent conduction blocks or advanced axonal loss. Relatively few studies have examined the role of ultrasound (US) in MMN.

Methods: Retrospective, cross-sectional study of patients with MMN who underwent peripheral nerve US.

Novel functional polymorphism in IGF-1 gene associated with multiple sclerosis: A new insight to MS.

Background: Interactions between several genes and environment may play a role in susceptibility to multiple sclerosis (MS). The IGF-1 plays a key role in proliferation, maintenance and survival of nerve cells. Therefore, we hypothesized that IGF-1 may be a target for prediction and control MS.

Peripheral nerve high-resolution ultrasound in diabetes.

Introduction: High-resolution ultrasound (HRU) is used in the diagnosis of peripheral neuropathies. There are conflicting data regarding HRU findings in patients with diabetic sensorimotor polyneuropathy (DSP). Our purpose in this study was to measure nerve cross-sectional areas (CSAs) in patients with diabetes, with and without DSP.

Association of interleukin-1 gene cluster polymorphisms and haplotypes with multiple sclerosis in an Iranian population.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a multi-factorial autoimmune disease of the central nervous system. The exact etiology of MS is still unknown. Due to the important roles that cytokines play as mediators in immune and inflammatory responses, we have evaluated the association of IL-1 gene cluster polymorphisms and haplotypes with MS susceptibility in 306 unrelated MS patients and 312 healthy matched controls.

Peripheral Nerve Ultrasound in Small Fiber Polyneuropathy.

Routine nerve conduction studies are normal in patients with small fiber neuropathy (SFN), and a definitive diagnosis is based on skin biopsy revealing reduced intra-epidermal nerve fiber density (IENFD). In large fiber polyneuropathy, ultrasound (US) parameters indicate enlargement in cross-sectional area (CSA). This study was aimed at determining if similar changes in large fibers on US are apparent in patients with SFN.

Reference values for ultrasonograpy of peripheral nerves.

Introduction: High-resolution ultrasonography (HRU) is a novel method that provides morphological information about peripheral nerves. We aimed to determine reference values for nerve cross-sectional area (CSA) on HRU.

Methods: One hundred healthy volunteers had HRU of median, radial, ulnar, fibular, tibial, sural, and superficial fibular nerves at defined sites.

Characteristics of muscle cramps in patients with polyneuropathy.

Muscle cramps are common in the general population and can be disabling for patients, but there is little evidence comprehensively evaluating cramp characteristics in patients with polyneuropathy. This study describes the prevalence and characteristics of muscle cramps in this patient group. Patients over 18 diagnosed with polyneuropathy were invited to join the study.

The characteristics of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy in patients with and without diabetes--an observational study.

Introduction: We aimed to determine whether the clinical characteristics and electrodiagnostic classification of nerve injury, and response to treatment differed in patients diagnosed with chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) with and without diabetes.

Methods: CIDP patients with diabetes (CIDP+DM) (n = 67) and without diabetes (CIDP-DM) (n = 67) underwent clinical examination and nerve conduction studies (NCS). CIDP-DM patients were selected using age and gender matching with the existing CIDP+DM cohort.

Comparison of diabetes patients with "demyelinating" diabetic sensorimotor polyneuropathy to those diagnosed with CIDP.

Background: We have previously identified a subset of diabetic sensorimotor polyneuropathy (DSP) patients with probable demyelination related to poor glycemic control. We aimed to determine whether the clinical characteristics and electrodiagnostic classification of nerve injury in diabetes patients with "demyelinating" DSP (D-DSP) differed from those diagnosed with chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) (CIDP + diabetes mellitus [DM]).

Methods: D-DSP (56) and CIDP + DM (67) subjects underwent clinical examination and nerve conduction studies (NCS), and were compared using analysis of variance, contingency tables, and Kruskal-Wallis analyses.

Conduction slowing in diabetic sensorimotor polyneuropathy.

Objective: Mild demyelination may contribute more to the pathophysiology of nerve fiber injury in diabetic sensorimotor polyneuropathy (DSP) than previously thought. We investigated the clinical and electrodiagnostic classifications of nerve injury in diabetic patients to detect evidence of conduction slowing in DSP.

Research Design And Methods: Type 1 diabetic subjects (n = 62) and type 2 diabetic subjects (n = 111) with a broad spectrum of DSP underwent clinical examination and nerve conduction studies (NCS).

Safety of plasma exchange therapy in patients with myasthenia gravis.

Introduction: Plasma exchange (PLEX) is effective in myasthenia gravis (MG), but there are concerns about its safety.

Methods: We collected data prospectively from 42 patients randomized to PLEX treatment in a comparison study with intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg). Detailed information on the PLEX treatment methodology and adverse events are reported.

Unilateral hypoglossal nerve palsy: as the only presentation of tuberculosis.

Tuberculous spondylitis is not an uncommon disease of the spine. Near one percent of all cases of spinal tuberculosis (TB) involves craniocervical junction. Hypoglossal nerve palsy is not an uncommon neurological finding, but isolated involvement of the hypoglossal nerve is rare and limited to case reports or small case series.

Evaluation of proxy tests for SFSN: evidence for mixed small and large fiber dysfunction.

Background: Though intra-epidermal nerve fiber density (IENFD) is considered the gold standard for diagnosis of small fiber sensory neuropathy (SFSN), we aimed to determine if novel threshold values derived from standard tests of small or large fiber function could serve as diagnostic alternatives.

Methods: Seventy-four consecutive patients with painful polyneuropathy and normal nerve conduction studies (NCS) were defined as SFSN cases or controls by distal IENFD <5.4 and ≥5.

High frequency of the IL-2 -330 T/HLA-DRB1*1501 haplotype in patients with multiple sclerosis.

We have evaluated the role of the HLA-DRB1*1501 allele and the IL-2 -330 T/G polymorphism and their interaction in susceptibility to multiple sclerosis on 360 patients and 426 matched healthy individuals. We used the SSP-PCR method to determine the alleles. Fisher's exact test was used to analyses.

CCR5-delta 32 allele is associated with the risk of developing multiple sclerosis in the Iranian population.

The 32-base pair deletion on the C-C chemokine receptor 5 gene (CCR5-delta 32) is known as a protective allele against immune system disorders. We have studied this variation in Iranian multiple sclerosis (MS) patients and healthy controls. DNA samples were prepared from the whole blood of 254 patients with MS and 380 healthy controls.

An integrated photogrammetric and spatial database management system for producing fully structured data using aerial and remote sensing images.

3D spatial data acquired from aerial and remote sensing images by photogrammetric techniques is one of the most accurate and economic data sources for GIS, map production, and spatial data updating. However, there are still many problems concerning storage, structuring and appropriate management of spatial data obtained using these techniques. According to the capabilities of spatial database management systems (SDBMSs); direct integration of photogrammetric and spatial database management systems can save time and cost of producing and updating digital maps.