Confidence limits for contribution plots in multivariate statistical process control using bootstrap estimates.

In Multivariate Statistical Process Control, when a fault is expected or detected in the process, contribution plots are essential for operators and optimization engineers in identifying those process variables that were affected by or might be the cause of the fault. The traditional way of interpreting a contribution plot is to examine the largest contributing process variables as the most probable faulty ones. This might result in false readings purely due to the differences in natural variation, measurement uncertainties, etc.

Hyperspectral image analysis. A tutorial.

This tutorial aims at providing guidelines and practical tools to assist with the analysis of hyperspectral images. Topics like hyperspectral image acquisition, image pre-processing, multivariate exploratory analysis, hyperspectral image resolution, classification and final digital image processing will be exposed, and some guidelines given and discussed. Due to the broad character of current applications and the vast number of multivariate methods available, this paper has focused on an industrial chemical framework to explain, in a step-wise manner, how to develop a classification methodology to differentiate between several types of plastics by using Near infrared hyperspectral imaging and Partial Least Squares - Discriminant Analysis.

Study of monoprotic acid-base equilibria in aqueous micellar solutions of nonionic surfactants using spectrophotometry and chemometrics.

Many studies have shown the distribution of solutes between aqueous phase and micellar pseudo-phase in aqueous micellar solutions. However, spectrophotometric studies of acid-base equilibria in these media do not confirm such distribution because of the collinearity between concentrations of chemical species in the two phases. The collinearity causes the number of detected species to be equal to the number of species in a homogenous solution that automatically misinterpreted as homogeneity of micellar solutions, therefore the collinearity is often neglected.

Reciprocity in the developmental regulation of aquaporins 1, 3 and 5 during pregnancy and lactation in the rat.

Milk secretion involves significant flux of water, driven largely by synthesis of lactose within the Golgi apparatus. It has not been determined whether this flux is simply a passive consequence of the osmotic potential between cytosol and Golgi, or whether it involves regulated flow. Aquaporins (AQPs) are membrane water channels that regulate water flux.