Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation in Elderly Patients in a Latin American Country: Analysis of 11 Year of Data from the Brazilian Registry SBTMO/CIBMTR.

This study analyzed recent changes in the utilization of allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) for treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML), myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), and myeloproliferative diseases (MPDs) and the survival of HCT recipients ≥60 years of age in Brazil. This retrospective registry study included patients who received a first allogeneic HCT from any donor between 2012 and 2023. Of the 6657 patients, 444 (7%) were 60 years of age or older who received grafts from human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-matched related (42%) or unrelated (20%) donors or HLA-haploidentical donors (32%).

Current landscape of clinical use of ex vivo expanded natural killer cells for cancer therapy.

Natural Killer cells are immune leukocytes required for responses against tumor cells and virus-infected cells. In the last decade, natural killer cells have emerged as promising tools in cancer therapy, and clinical studies on patients treated with natural killer cells have revealed increased rates of disease-free survival. In this article, we review results from the major clinical trials that have used natural killer cells for cancer treatment, including their global distribution.

The Impact of Clinical Features on Survival and Relapse of Patients Diagnosed With T-cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia - a Multicenter Cohort Study.

Background: T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) remains understudied compared to B-cell ALL, especially in Latin America. Different biology and response to chemotherapy have been described.

Methods: This retrospective multi-site cohort study analyzed data from 152 newly diagnosed T-ALL patients aged 15 years and above, between January 2010 and June 2022.

Construction and validation of the Emergency Oncology Scale (EMOnco), a risk rating protocol for the triage of cancer patients in acute care settings.

Background: Manfredini et al. demonstrate that the new rating protocol, EMOnco, can triage of cancer patients in acute care settings safely, considering their cancer type, stage and treatment histories and oncological emergencies, enabling the appropriate classification from high-risk patients to non-urgent patients.

Background: ■ EMOnco considers variables related to the cancer history and treatment.

Patient-reported outcomes of treatment and adverse effects following acute lymphoblastic leukemia: a low- and middle-income country cross-sectional study.

Introduction: The scenario of adult patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia treated in Brazil has not been well described yet.

Methods: Four hundred patients diagnosed with acute lymphoblastic leukemia from 1981 to 2019, registered in the Brazilian lymphoma and leukemia association (ABRALE) or their caregivers were interviewed by telephone to evaluate patient-reported perceptions of diagnosis, treatment and adverse effects.

Results: Overall, 203 were male with a mean age of 15.

An Extended Flow Cytometry Evaluation of ex Vivo Expanded NK Cells Using K562.Clone1, a Feeder Cell Line Manufactured in Brazil.

Natural killer (NK) cells play a crucial role in the immune system's response against cancer. However, the challenge of obtaining the required quantity of NK cells for effective therapeutic response necessitates the development of strategies for their ex vivo expansion. This study aimed to develop a novel feeder cell line, K562.

Allostatic Load/Chronic Stress and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Patients Diagnosed With Breast, Lung, or Colorectal Cancer.

Background: Cardiovascular disease and cancer share a common risk factor: chronic stress/allostatic load (AL). A 1-point increase in AL is linked to up to a 30% higher risk of major cardiac events (MACE) in patients with prostate cancer. However, AL's role in MACE in breast cancer, lung cancer, or colorectal cancer remains unknown.

Oral Mucositis and Nutritional Status in Children Who Underwent Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation: A Comparison Between Nonmalignant and Malignant Primary Diseases.

Background: There is a lack of studies analyzing the association between oral mucositis (OM) and nutritional imbalance in children during hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). The aim of this study was to compare the risk factors for OM and nutritional imbalance during HSCT in pediatric patients with nonmalignant diseases (NMD) and malignant diseases (MD).

Methods: Data on age, sex, primary disease, transplantation type, conditioning regimen, GVHD prophylaxis, gastrointestinal toxicity, OM, percent body weight loss or gain, nutritional repositioning, and overall survival (OS) were retrospectively collected from the 132 medical records.

Intensive salvage chemotherapy with VDTPACE or mCBAD followed by hematopoietic stem-cell support for refractory/relapsed multiple myeloma.

Introduction: Triple- and quad-refractory multiple myeloma patients usually have an aggressive course and a poor prognosis. Available therapeutic options are scarce.

Methods: The objective of the current study was to evaluate responses and toxicities of VDTPACE or mCBAD with hematopoietic stem-cell support as a bridge to subsequent therapies in patients with refractory/relapsed multiple myeloma.

Diagnosis and management of acute promyelocytic leukemia: Brazilian consensus guidelines 2024 on behalf of the Brazilian Association of Hematology, Hemotherapy and Cellular Therapy.

Improvements in clinical assessment have occurred since the last published recommendations on the diagnosis and treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia in 2013. Here, a committee of specialists of the Brazilian Association of Hematology, Hemotherapy and Cellular Therapy presents a comprehensive review on the current knowledge, focusing on the advances in diagnosis, risk assessment, and frontline and salvage therapy. The concept of urgent diagnosis is explored as well as the management of critical situations such as coagulopathy and differentiation syndrome.

Photobiomodulation minimizes taste changes during hematopoietic cell transplantation: A randomized clinical trial.

Prevention and treatment protocols for taste changes observed during hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) are not well-established. The purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy of photobiomodulation (PBM) in relieving taste changes and preventing lingual papillae atrophy. HCT patients received PBM (n = 42) on the tongue dorsum using an InGaAIP laser (660 nm, 100 mW, 1.

Fibrinogen contribution to clot strength in patients with sepsis and hematologic malignancies and thrombocytopenia-a prospective, single-center, analytical, cross-sectional study.

Background: Patients with hematological malignancies (HM) frequently present thrombocytopenia and higher risk of bleeding. Although transfusion is associated with higher risk of adverse events and poor outcomes, prophylactic transfusion of platelets is a common practice to prevent hemorrhagic complications. Thromboelastometry has been considered a better predictor for bleeding than isolated platelet counts in different settings.

Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome-associated lymphoma: A retrospective Brazilian cohort.

After initiating combined antiretroviral therapy (cART), individuals with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) may develop Hodgkin/non-Hodgkin lymphoma due to immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS). This retrospective cohort study evaluated the incidence, clinical features and prognosis of IRIS-associated lymphomas in Brazilian patients. Incidence in 2000-2019 was 9.

Reduction of SARS-CoV-2 viral load in saliva after rinsing with mouthwashes containing cetylpyridinium chloride: a randomized clinical study.

Background: Symptomatic patients with COVID-19 typically have a high SARS-CoV-2 viral load in their saliva. Procedures to reduce the viral load in their oral cavity are important for mitigating the viral transmission.

Methods: This randomized clinical trial investigated the impact of two mouthwashes (0.

Development of a highly cytotoxic, clinical-grade virus-specific T cell product for adoptive T cell therapy.

At present, recipients of allogeneic hematopoietic stem-cells are still suffering from recurrent infections after transplantation. Infusion of virus-specific T cells (VST) post-transplant reportedly fights several viruses without increasing the risk of de novo graft-versus-host disease. This study targeted cytomegalovirus (CMV) for the development of an innovative approach for generating a very specific VST product following Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) guidelines.

Extramedullary haematopoiesis in patients with thalassemia: a cross-sectional description of its prevalence, clinical features and survival.

Introduction: Despite knowledge advances on extramedullary haematopoiesis (EMH) in thalassemic patients, the real picture remains an open issue.

Objectives: To assess EMH prevalence in patients with thalassemia major (TM) and intermedia (TI), to describe magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings and to explore clinical risk factors.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, images and clinical records of 184 consecutive patients with thalassemia who underwent T2* MRI between 2004 and 2011 were reviewed.

Immune thrombocytopenia associated with lymph node tuberculosis: a case report.

Extrapulmonary tuberculosis associated with immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is extremely rare. A likely association between ITP and pulmonary and lymph node tuberculosis was reported in a 29-year-old male patient. His platelet count decreased to 4,000/µL.

Thirty-Day Unplanned Hospital Readmissions in Patients With Cancer and the Impact of Social Determinants of Health: A Machine Learning Approach.

Purpose: Develop a cancer-specific machine learning (ML) model that accurately predicts 30-day unplanned readmissions in patients with solid tumors.

Methods: The initial cohort included patients 18 years or older diagnosed with a solid tumor. Two distinct cohorts were generated: one with and one without detailed social determinants of health (SDOHs) data.