Publications by authors named "Hamed Tavolinejad"
Background: Arterial stiffness causes cardiovascular disease and target-organ damage. Carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity is regarded as a standard arterial stiffness metric. However, the prognostic value of cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI), which is mathematically corrected for blood pressure, remains understudied.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Aortic structure impacts cardiovascular health through multiple mechanisms. Aortic structural degeneration occurs with aging, increasing left ventricular afterload and promoting increased arterial pulsatility and target organ damage. Despite the impact of aortic structure on cardiovascular health, three-dimensional (3D) aortic geometry has not been comprehensively characterized in large populations.
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- Dyslipidemia is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and is increasingly prevalent, particularly in developing nations; a study in Tehran assessed its prevalence and lipid profile abnormalities among adults aged 35 and older.
- Analysis of data from over 8,000 participants revealed an 82.7% prevalence rate of dyslipidemia, with specific issues like hypertriglyceridemia and low HDL-C also reported at significant rates and varying by geographic areas within Tehran.
- The findings underscore the urgent need for public health initiatives focused on preventing and managing dyslipidemia to mitigate health risks in the Tehran population.
Article Synopsis
- - High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) is considered important for heart health, particularly regarding coronary artery diseases, but research on its influence on outcomes after coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery is limited.
- - A study of 17,772 CABG patients from 2007 to 2017 found that low HDL-C levels did not correlate with increased mortality or major adverse cardiovascular events one year post-surgery after adjusting for confounding factors.
- - The analysis revealed that, while no significant overall association between HDL-C levels and outcomes was identified, a sex-based evaluation showed that higher HDL-C levels may offer more protective benefits for males after CABG.
Introduction: Detection of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (PAF) is crucial for secondary prevention in patients with recent strokes of unknown etiology. This systematic review and meta-analysis assess the predictive power of available risk scores for detecting new PAF after acute ischemic stroke (AIS).
Methods: PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science databases were searched until September 2023 to identify relevant studies.
Article Synopsis
- The study investigates the unnecessary use of brain MRI and EEG in diagnosing vasovagal syncope (VVS), as current guidelines do not recommend these tests for such cases.
- Out of 1882 patients analyzed, a significant number underwent MRI (43.04%) and EEG (52.34%), with certain factors like head trauma and previous neurologist visits positively influencing the likelihood of these tests being administered.
- The findings suggest that while many VVS patients were tested with MRI/EEG, such procedures are often not warranted, indicating a need to avoid inappropriate testing based on typical VVS history.
Article Synopsis
- The North Africa and Middle East (NAME) region has one of the highest burdens of ischemic heart disease (IHD) globally, with significant health impacts reported between 1990 and 2019.
- In 2019, IHD caused 0.8 million deaths and 18 million disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) lost, demonstrating a 33.3% decrease in the age-standardized DALY rate since 1990, mainly due to reduced years of life lost.
- Despite improvements, premature deaths from IHD in NAME were higher than global averages, indicating that it remains the leading cause of death and health loss in the region.
Introduction: Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) with biventricular pacing (BiV-CRT) is ineffective in approximately one-third of patients. CRT with Conduction system pacing (CSP-CRT) may achieve greater synchronization. We aimed to assess the effectiveness of CRT with His pacing (His-CRT) or left bundle branch pacing (LBB-CRT) in lieu of biventricular CRT.
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- Particulate matter (PM) pollution significantly contributes to cardiovascular diseases, with the study analyzing its impact from 1990 to 2019 using the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) data.
- Despite a 36.7% decline in deaths attributable to PM, total disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) rose by 31% to 8.9 million in 2019, with men experiencing higher mortality rates than women.
- The findings highlight the need for targeted global health policies to address PM pollution, considering differences in gender and regional health disparities for better resource allocation and equity in healthcare access.
Article Synopsis
- This study analyzes the burden of ischemic heart disease (IHD) in Iran from 1990 to 2019 to guide healthcare policy development.
- Findings revealed significant decreases in age-standardized death rates (42.7%) and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) (47.7%), while incidence rates fell more slowly by only 7.7%.
- The main risk factors contributing to deaths and DALYs were high blood pressure and LDL cholesterol, stressing the need for improved prevention strategies and management of rising health risks like high fasting glucose and body mass index (BMI).
Article Synopsis
- Recent research shows that vasovagal syncope (VVS) can lead to a significant number of injuries, but the factors related to these injuries are not clearly understood.
- A study involving over 1,100 patients revealed that previous injuries, being female, and standing during episodes significantly increased the risk of injury, while having recurrent VVS and experiencing syncope at certain times (like afternoon or evening) seemed to lower the risk.
- The findings suggest that understanding patient characteristics and circumstances during VVS episodes can help identify individuals at greater risk for injury, highlighting the need for further research on preventive strategies.
Article Synopsis
- Vasovagal syncope (VVS) is a common condition causing temporary loss of consciousness, leading to significant healthcare challenges and limited information on existing drug treatments.
- This study conducted a systematic review and network meta-analysis on randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to evaluate various pharmacologic therapies for managing VVS, focusing primarily on the recurrence of spontaneous VVS events and secondary outcomes like head-up tilt test results.
- The analysis included 28 studies with 1,744 patients, finding midodrine and fluoxetine effective in reducing VVS recurrence, with midodrine being the most effective treatment overall, while other medications showed no significant benefits.
Article Synopsis
- - This study examined how body mass index (BMI) affects the relationship between high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels and outcomes in patients who underwent coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG).
- - In normal and overweight patients, high HDL-C levels (≥60 mg/dL) were linked to lower all-cause mortality, but this protective effect disappeared in obese patients (BMI 30-35).
- - The analysis also showed that in obese patients, increases in HDL-C after a certain point did not correlate with reduced mortality risk, suggesting a complicated relationship depending on BMI.
Purpose: Novel anthropometric measures are simple, applicable, and inexpensive tools for cardiovascular risk assessment. This study evaluates the association of lipid accumulation product (LAP) with hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and all-cause mortality, and compares it with other anthropometric measures.
Methods: PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, and Scopus were systematically searched for articles published until May 15, 2021.
Malnutrition is a common co-morbidity among candidates for transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI). This study aimed to investigate the association between nutritional status determined by objective nutritional indices and outcomes of patients who underwent TAVI. We systematically searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, and Cochrane Library from inception until April 18, 2022 to identify studies examining the association of preprocedural nutritional status with post-TAVI outcomes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The increasing burden of hypertension in low- to middle-income countries necessitates the assessment of care coverage to monitor progress and guide future policies. This study uses an ensemble learning approach to evaluate hypertension care coverage in a nationally representative Iranian survey.
Methods: The data source was the cross-sectional 2016 Iranian STEPwise approach to risk factor surveillance (STEPs).
Redefining the health system: A proposed updated framework of a systems approach to health.
Front Public Health
September 2022
Defining the health system, as a multidimensional and complex structure, is challenging, and the existing definitions often fail to incorporate the various levels and functions involved in a single system definition. An ideal framework should be easy to evaluate, allow for comparison, and be divisible into smaller sub-systems for easier interpretation. This paper concisely explores a novel framework to perceive health systems.
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- Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are important in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) development and progression, impacting aspects like cell growth and spread.
- The study analyzed 41 research articles, finding that changes in circRNA expression are linked to various clinical features of RCC, including tumor size and metastasis, as well as overall survival rates.
- The findings suggest that circRNAs have potential as effective diagnostic and prognostic markers for RCC, with strong performance in tissue samples and decent results in bodily fluids.
Since the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic began, numerous studies have reported a concerning drop in the number of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) admissions. In the present systematic review and -analysis, we aimed to compare the rate of AMI admissions and major complication during the pandemic, in comparison with pre-pandemic periods. Three major databases (PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science Core Collection) were searched.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: Physical techniques used for the prevention of vasovagal syncope have limited evidence for efficacy. We aimed to evaluate multimodal supervised physical training as a treatment approach.
Methods: In this 1:1 randomized trial, patients with ≥2 episodes of clinically diagnosed vasovagal syncope were included.
Background: Recent research suggests a protective role for positive family history of premature cardiovascular disease (FHpCVD) in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting. We aimed to further investigate this unlikely association.
Methods: In this registry-based cohort study, patients who underwent first-time non-emergent coronary bypass surgery at Tehran Heart Center between 2007 and 2016 were included.
Article Synopsis
- * 268 participants are randomly assigned to wear ECS with varying pressure levels—either therapeutic (25-30 mm Hg) or sham (≤10 mm Hg)—while receiving standard VVS treatment and monitored for a year.
- * This study is significant as it addresses the lack of evidence regarding ECS as a treatment for VVS, aiming to fill an important gap in understanding how to manage this condition.
Conventionally, patients have been admitted overnight after atrial fibrillation (AF) catheter ablation. Several centers have recently adopted a same-day discharge (SDD) protocol for patients undergoing AF catheter ablation. We aimed to systematically review the current evidence for the safety and efficacy of SDD after AF catheter ablation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Recently, emerging studies have demonstrated the utility of particular long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) as useful biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of multiple myeloma (MM). We systematically reviewed the literature and conducted a meta-analysis to quantify the predictive effectiveness of lncRNAs in the prognosis and diagnosis of MM.
Methods: A systematic search was performed in PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science until March 24, 2021.
Article Synopsis
- Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a major public health issue, especially in low- and middle-income countries, leading to a study on its risk factors and effects on diagnosis age.
- The study analyzed data from 90,094 adult patients with obstructive CAD over 11 years, revealing men were diagnosed younger than women and had fewer risk factors at that time, while overall diagnosis ages were rising.
- A key finding highlighted that opium consumption was linked to an earlier CAD diagnosis, emphasizing the need for awareness and management of both traditional and emerging risk factors.