Assessment of food-energy-environmental pollution nexus in Iran: the nonlinear approach.

Iran's agricultural production has expanded significantly in recent years. Environmental pollution caused by the use of energy and chemical fertilizers, depletion of groundwater resources, and soil erosion, on the other hand, demonstrates a lack of attention to the environmental dimension of production in this country. In addition to these issues, climate change has exacerbated the agriculture sector's difficulties.

Estimation of the monetary value of biodiversity in the Central Alborz Protected Area.

Biodiversity refers to genetic diversity and complex sets of communities and ecosystems. Environmental degradation can jeopardize biodiversity and decrease ecosystem service quality. Biodiversity is not an endless and free commodity, and the costs of its destruction must be taken into account.

The economic impact of agricultural pollutions in Iran, spatial distance function approach.

Pollution has increased in Iran in the last two decades due to agricultural activities. Pollutions are released into the atmosphere and thereafter pollute water and soil resources. Therefore, it is important to develop models that can estimate the economic value of these Pollutions.