Genetic Factors Associated with Morphine Consumption in Women Undergoing Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Introduction: Morphine has been a crucial analgesic agent used perioperatively in various surgical procedures. Genetic factors can lead to morphine dose requirement interpatient variability. Our objective was to determine the contribution of genetic polymorphisms in human μ-opioid receptor gene (OPRM1), ATP binding cassette gene (ABCB1) and rs2952768 to the variation of the perioperative morphine consumption in women undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

Optimizing risk factors influence Intensive Care stay after Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy? An observational cohort study.

Background: It may be necessary to admit patients receiving Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy (HIPEC) to the intensive care unit (ICU). They were required to evaluate the length of ICU stay (LOS) following HIPEC, as well as their survival rates and risk factors that influence LOS.

Methods: 74 HIPEC patients were observed after being admitted to the ICU.

Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 Infection Among Working Women and Impact of Workplace Restrictions.

Objective: To determine the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 virus infection among female workers who were restricted to working from home compared with those who continued to attend in-person work.

Methods: As part of national surveillance program, serum samples for SARS-CoV-2 antibody testing and nasopharyngeal swabs for SARS-CoV-2 PCR were obtained on 1636 female school staff and salon/spa workers who were restricted to work remotely (restricted group) and 1190 female health-care workers who continued in-person work (unrestricted group).

Results: Seropositivity rate was 5.

SARS-CoV-2 PCR and antibody positivity among school staff at the beginning and end of the first school term.

Background: There is controversy regarding the role of in-person attendance in schools and transmission of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Several studies have demonstrated no increase in transmission, while some have reported large outbreaks with in-person attendance. We determined the incidence and risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 infection among school staff after one school term.

Risk factors for breakthrough SARS-CoV-2 infection in vaccinated healthcare workers.

Background And Objective: The risk factors for breakthrough infections among healthcare workers (HCW) after completion of a full course of vaccination are poorly understood. Our objective was to determine the risk factors for breakthrough SARS-CoV-2 infection among HCWs at a national healthcare system in Qatar.

Methods: We identified all HCWs at Hamad Medical Corporation in Qatar between December 20, 2020 and May 18, 2021 with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR infection >14 days after the second vaccine dose.

Short term survival of critically ill COVID-19 Egyptian patients on assisted ventilation treated by either Dexamethasone or Tocilizumab.

Tocilizumab (TCZ) and Dexamethasone are used for the treatment of critically ill COVID-19 patients. We compared the short-term survival of critically ill COVID-19 patients treated with either TCZ or Dexamethasone. 109 critically ill COVID-19 patients randomly assigned to either TCZ therapy (46 patients) or pulse Dexamethasone therapy (63 patients).

Oral Spirulina Platensis Attenuates Hyperglycemia and Exhibits Antinociceptive Effect in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Neuropathy Rat Model.

Introduction: Diabetic neuropathy is a common consequence of diabetes. Hyperalgesia is one of the main symptoms of diabetic neuropathy. In response to noxious stimuli, streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats show exaggerated hyperalgesic behavior, while Spirulina platensis has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and insulin-like effects.

Decreased Analgesic Requirements in Super Morbidly Versus Morbidly Obese Patients Undergoing Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy.

Background: Scarce data exists about analgesic requirements in super morbidly obese (SMO) patients who underwent sleeve gastrectomy. We attempted to investigate analgesic requirements for SMO, when compared with morbidly obese (MO) individuals who underwent sleeve gastrectomy and its impact on postoperative outcome.

Methods: We studied 279 consecutive patients (183 MO, 96 SMO) who underwent bariatric surgery.

Perioperative management and postoperative outcome of patients undergoing cytoreduction surgery with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy.

Background And Aims: The existence of cytoreductive surgery (CRS) with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) as a multidisciplinary approach for peritoneal cancer gains acceptance in many countries including Saudi Arabia. The aim of our study is to describe the perioperative management of patients who received CRS/HIPEC and to report their outcomes and complications at our tertiary centre.

Methods: The preoperative characteristics, surgical variables, perioperative management, postoperative course and outcomes of 38 CRS/HIPEC patients were prospectively collected and analysed.

Analysis of Bacterial and Fungal Infections after Cytoreduction Surgery and Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy: An Observational Single-Centre Study.

Introduction: While hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) after cytoreduction surgery (CRS) has been shown to improve patient survival and disease-free progression in peritoneal carcinoma (PC) patients, the procedure relates to a high postoperative infection rate. Herein, we report the bacterial and fungal infections after CRS and HIPEC from a single institution in Saudi Arabia.

Patients And Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted on 38 patients with PC selected for CRS/HIPEC procedure between 2012 and 2015 in our centre.

Dexmedetomidine and propofol sedation requirements in an autistic rat model.

Background: Autism is a challenging neurodevelopmental disorder. Previous clinical observations have suggested altered sedation requirements for children with autism. Our study aimed to test this observation experimentally in an animal model and to explore its possible mechanisms.

Intrathecal Morphine Improves Hemodynamic Parameters and Analgesia in Patients Undergoing Aortic Valve Replacement Surgery: A Prospective, Double-Blind, Randomized Trial.

Background: Intrathecal morphine (ITM) has been used in hopes of providing good postoperative analgesia in cardiac surgery. Little is known about its use in isolated aortic valve replacement surgery.

Objectives: To evaluate the effects of 7 µ/kg ITM administration in aortic valve replacement in regards to hemodynamics, pain score, and postoperative complications when compared to general anesthesia alone.

Utility of CD127 combined with FOXP3 for identification of operational tolerance after liver transplantation.

Loss of cell surface expression of CD127 on CD4(+)CD25(++) regulatory T-cells (Tregs) may be a useful marker to efficiently isolate Tregs. As FOXP3 was specifically used to identify Tregs, combining these two markers could give better identification for patient with operational tolerance (OT) after liver transplantation. To testify this mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR), the function of circulating CD4(+)CD25(++)CD127(dim) cells (CD127(dim) cells) was examined in immunosuppression (IS)-free pediatric recipients after liver transplantation (LTx) (group operational tolerance: OT) (Gr-tol n=25) compared to recipients who could not stop IS due to clinically overt rejection (group intolerance) (Gr-intol n=18), recipients who were weaning IS (Gr-weaning n=11) and age-matched healthy volunteers (Gr-vol n=11).

Outcome of Hepatitis B Virus Infection After Living-Donor Liver Transplant: A Single-center Experience Over 20 Years.

Objectives: Despite living-donor liver transplant being a life-saving therapy for patients with hepatitis B virus with or without hepatocellular carcinoma, outcomes for patients with these diseases are worse. Hepatitis B virus recurrence or relapse of hepatocellular carcinoma can result in subsequent graft loss or patient death. In this study, we discuss the postoperative outcomes of patients with hepatitis B virus infection after living-donor liver transplant.

Outcome of critically-ill children after living-donor liver transplant.

Objectives: The outcome of children who had living-donor liver transplant was analyzed according to their status before transplant, and we analyzed the outcome of critically ill patients.

Materials And Methods: This was a retrospective analysis of children who received primary living-donor liver transplant at Kyoto University Hospital. According to the criteria of the United Network for Organ Sharing, we divided patients into 3 groups: Group A patients had been admitted to the intensive care unit before living-donor liver transplant; Group B patients were hospitalized but did not require intensive care unit stay; and Group C patients were living at home and underwent elective transplant.

Contrast patterns of Cytomegalovirus and Epstein-Barr virus infection in pediatric living-donor liver transplant recipients.

Objectives: Cytomegalovirus and Epstein-Barr virus remain leading causes of morbidity and mortality in the living-donor liver transplant population, particularly in pediatric patients. Herein we compare the incidence, timing, and risk factors for infection in this group.

Materials And Methods: We performed a retrospective study of 344 consecutive pediatric patients 193 women (56.

Successful anesthetic management in a child after traumatic rupture of left main bronchus by a single-lumen cuffed-endotracheal tube.

Tracheobronchial injury (TBI) may lead to catastrophe if remains undetected or managed improperly. The incidence of TBI is less in children as compared with adults due to their pliable chest wall. Its clinical manifestations include persistent pneumothorax, cervical subcutaneous emphysema, pneumomediastinum, cyanosis, and respiratory insufficiency.

Albumin synthesis in surgical patients.

Albumin plasma concentrations are being used as indicators of nutritional status and hepatic function based on the assumption that plasma levels reflect the rate of albumin synthesis. However, it has been shown that albumin levels are not reliable markers of albumin synthesis under a variety of clinical conditions including inflammation, malnutrition, diabetes mellitus, liver disease, and surgical tissue trauma. To date, only a few studies have measured albumin synthesis in surgical and critically ill patients.

Pattern of bacterial and fungal infections in the first 3 months after pediatric living donor liver transplantation: an 11-year single-center experience.

Infection after pediatric living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Here, we sought to determine the incidence, timing, location, and risk factors for bacterial and fungal infections. We retrospectively investigated infection for 3 postoperative months in 345 consecutive pediatric patients (56.

Augmented damage of islets by impaired exocrine acinar cells undergoing apoptosis that is possibly converted to necrosis during isolation.

Islet damage attributed to impaired exocrine cells during pancreas preservation and isolation procedure remains elusive, although released exocrine enzymes could directly damage islets. The aim of this study is to investigate the cellular mechanisms associated with exocrine cells and their possible impact on the islet cell survival and function after isolation. Mouse pancreata were stored in cold University of Wisconsin preservation solution for 0, 24 and 48 h and incubated with or without collagenase at 37°C for 15 min.