Idiopathic cervical cord infarction in a young girl presenting with acute neck pain and flaccid paralysis: a case report.

Introduction: Spinal cord infarction (SCI) is a rare disease representing nearly 1% of all strokes with a wide variety of symptoms at presentation. SCI diagnosis is very challenging owing to its low incidence and the variety of symptoms, and could be misdiagnosed with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD).

Case Presentation: We describe the case of an 18-year-old girl who presented to the emergency department with acute neck pain and flaccid paralysis of the left upper and lower extremities.

Teachers and managers experiences of virtual learning during the COVID-19 pandemic: A qualitative study.

The closure of universities and schools interrupted learning outcomes and deprived students from growth and development opportunities as well as hindering their academic progress. Indeed, the COVID-19 Pandemic changed educational mechanism from traditional method to staying at home and virtual education globally. On the other hand, the educators and student particularly in developing countries faced shortage of necessary software and hardware infrastructures.

Assessment of renal function indexes in methamphetamine or tramadol intoxication adults to the emergency departments: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Renal dysfunction is one of the adverse effects observed in methamphetamine (MET) or tramadol abusers. In this study, we aimed to review articles involving intoxication with MET or tramadol to assess the occurrence of renal dysfunction.

Methods: Two researchers systematically searched PubMed, Scopus, Web of Sciences, and Google Scholar databases from 2000 to 2022.

Linear mixed model analysis to evaluate correlations between remdesivir adverse effects with age and gender of patients with mild Covid-19 pneumonia.

We aimed to assess longitudinal changes in clinical indexes of corona disease 2019 (Covid-19) patients with mild pulmonary infection during 5 days of remdesivir therapy and determine the effect of age and gender on remdesivir adverse effects (AE). Patients' clinical data including inflammatory markers, liver and renal function tests, and heart rate (HR) were extracted from medical records. Linear mixed model (LMM) was used to analyze longitudinal changes in patients' clinical indexes.

Which criteria were used to describe patients with COVID-19? A systematic review and meta analysis of clinical, laboratory, and imaging features.

The unknowingness of COVID-19 compared to other respiratory diseases and gaining an overview of its diagnostic criteria led to this study, which was designed to summarize the signs and symptoms along with the clinical tests that described these patients. PubMed\MEDLINE, Web of Science, Core Collection, Scopus, and Google Scholar were systematically searched on September 27, 2020. After screening, we selected 56 articles based on clinical characteristics and laboratory and imaging findings in confirmed COVID-19 patients as eligibility criteria.

Intravenous Paracetamol vs Intranasal Desmopressin for Renal Colic in the Emergency Department: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Objective: To evaluate the analgesic efficacy of intranasal desmopressin alone vs intravenous paracetamol in patients referred to the emergency department with renal colic.

Design: Randomized clinical trial.

Setting: This study was conducted in the emergency unit of a university hospital.

Efficacy of Half-length vs. Standard-sized Short Arm splint in Soft Tissue Injuries of the Hand and Wrist: a Randomized Controlled Trial.

Introduction: Hand and wrist soft tissue injuries are common orthopedic problems that are traditionally treated with short arm splint, which covers the forearm to 1 cm distal to the elbow crease.

Objective: The present study was conducted to compare the treatment efficacy of traditional standard-size splint with half-length short arm splint.

Method: In this randomized, controlled, clinical trial, patients with hand and wrist soft tissue injuries were randomly assigned to two groups.

Pain management of acute limb trauma patients with intravenous lidocaine in emergency department.

Introduction: This study was designed to assess the possible superiority of intravenous lidocaine to morphine for pain management.

Methods: This was a randomized double blind controlled superiority trial, carried on in the emergency department (ED). Traumatic patients older than 18-year-old with the complaint of acute pain greater than 4 on a numeric rating scale (NRS) from 0 to 10 on their extremities were eligible.

Demographics of Scorpion Sting in Iran; a Cross Sectional Study.

Introduction: Scorpion sting is an important public health problem in some countries, including Iran. This study aimed to describe the demographics of a large number of these victims in some endemic areas of Iran.

Methods: This cross-sectional study evaluated baseline characteristics, clinical findings, management, and disposition of scorpion stung cases in 26 cities of 4 provinces in the southwest quarter of Iran, during one year.

Diagnostic accuracy of emergency-performed focused assessment with sonography for trauma (FAST) in blunt abdominal trauma.

Introduction: Intra-abdominal hemorrhage due to blunt abdominal trauma is a major cause of trauma-related mortality. Therefore, any action taken for facilitating the diagnosis of intra-abdominal hemorrhage could save the lives of patients more effectively. The aim of this study was to determine the accuracy of focused assessment with sonography for trauma (FAST) performed by emergency physicians.

The association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level and recurrent falls in the elderly population: a cohort study.

Introduction: Serum vitamin D concentration is a major contributing factor for increasing the risk of fall and fall-related injuries in older adults. However, when prescribed and supplemented for these populations, the outcomes are controversial, and in several cases no improvement has been reported in reducing the risk of recurrent falls. This study aimed to examine the association between serum vitamin D concentration and recurrent falls in Iranian older adults.

Azithromycin versus Cephalexin for Simple Traumatic Wounds in the Emergency Department: A Randomised Trial.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate efficacy of azithromycin versus cephalexin for infection prophylaxisis in patients with simple traumatic wounds managed at emergency department.

Method: This randomized controlled trial compared short-course therapy of once-daily azithromycin (500 mg before the wound repair followed by 250 mg/day for 5 days) with cephalexin (1000 mg before wound repair followed by 250 mg every 6 hours for 5 days) in the treatment of patients with simple traumatic wounds. A total of 366 patients were randomly selected for the study and 303 were evaluated for the final analysis.

Randomized, controlled trial of povidone-iodine to reduce simple traumatic wound infections in the emergency department.

Introduction: Povidone Iodine (PVI) has been used to prevent wound infection for a long time, yet the merits and effectiveness of this agent in reducing the rates of infection in simple traumatic wounds have been debated. The aim of this study is determine the effect of PVI as skin disinfectant in preventing simple traumatic wound infection after repair in emergency departments.

Methods: This study is a single-blind, randomized, controlled trial, conducted at the emergency departments of two university hospitals.

Evaluating the quality of the educational environment for medical interns in an emergency department using the DREEM inventory.

Moving toward establishing more student center educational environment to meet the ever-changing learning expectations in a challenging climate like emergency department for under graduates is an intimidating task. In our newly founded academic emergency department, every step toward scoring as a dynamic and modern educational environment for both undergraduates and postgraduates would be a great success. The last 18 months of undergraduate medical education in Iran is considered as an internship.

A simplified training method for soft tissue foreign body detection using ultrasound in emergency medicine residency program.

Using ultrasound for detecting soft tissue foreign bodies seems to be the preferred choice with minimum invasion and easy availability at the bedside in emergency departments. In this study, a workshop (1 hour of lecture presentation and 3 hours of interactive hands-on) was designed to evaluate the efficacy of a short course of simple interactive training to improve the ability of emergency medicine residents to detect foreign bodies with ultrasound. Eight pieces of fresh full thickness (10 × 10 × 10 cm) lamb leg muscle were used in this study.

Serum Sodium and Potassium Levels in Cerebro-vascular Accident Patients.

Background: We aim to assess serum sodium and potassium levels in patients with different types of cerebro-vascular accidents (CVA) in comparison to control group.

Methods: A comparative cross-sectional study conducted on patients admitted to the emergency department from January to August 2012. Control group consisted of patients admitted to emergency department due to common cold, urinary tract infection, low back pain, cluster, and tension headache or migraine.

Social network analysis of Iranian researchers on emergency medicine: a sociogram analysis.

Background: The purpose of this study was to report interaction patterns among Iranian authors of emergency medicine using social network analysis methodology, focusing on coauthorship network.

Methods: The bibliographic data of Iranian authors on the 'emergency medicine' field during the years 2001-2011 were retrieved from the Science Citation Index Expanded database. Co-occurrence matrices were made by BibExcel and were imported to Ucinet and NetDraw to delineate coauthorship network.

Ketamine and atropine for pediatric sedation: a prospective double-blind randomized controlled trial.

Introduction: Sedation in children can be a challenge for emergency physicians, which demands for selecting an effective medication with few complications and good analgesic effects. This study has been performed to evaluate the adverse effects of ketamine while using either atropine or placebo in emergency departments.

Methods: This is a prospective randomized controlled trial involving 200 patients with age ranging between 2 and 15 years, who need a painful procedure.

Effects of hyperbaric oxygenation on survival time of aluminum phosphide intoxicated rats.

Background: Aluminium phosphide (AlP) is used as a fumigant. It produces phosphine gas which is a mitochondrial poison. Although this poisoning has been repeatedly reported in literature with a high mortality rate, there is no known antidote for AlP intoxication.

Burden of circulatory system diseases and ignored barriers of knowledge translation.

Circulatory system disease raise third highest disability-adjusted life years among Iranians and ischemic cardiac diseases are main causes for such burden. Despite available evidences on risk factors of the disease, no effective intervention was implemented to control and prevent the disease. This paper non-systematically reviews available literature on the problem, solutions, and barriers of implementation of knowledge translation in Iran.

Prophylactic Antibiotic Therapy in Contaminated Traumatic Wounds: Two Days versus Five Days Treatment.

Introduction: Emergency department manages several kinds of wounds including simple, non-bite traumatic wounds and lacerations. Prophylactic antibiotic therapy is one of pre-scribed treatment in these conditions. We aimed to compare the clinical efficacy of the two day regimen of prophylactic antimicrobial agents with the five day regimen in simple traumatic but highly contaminated wounds.

How do Iranian emergency doctors decide? Clinical decision making processes in practice.

Introduction: Emergency doctors must make decisions for many patients in a limited time. Various emergency cases are not compatible with routine conditions as described in textbooks, so doctors use clinical decision making (CDM) processes to act in the best possible way. In the present work, these processes and some of the related factors were assessed.