Differential Item Functioning Analysis of Likert Scales: An Overview and Demonstration of Rating Scale Tree Model.

An important psychometric property in educational and psychological testing is differential item functioning (DIF), assessing whether different subgroups respond differently to particular items within a scale, despite having the same overall ability level. In fact, DIF occurs when respondents with the same underlying trait level have different probabilities of selecting specific response categories, depending on their subgroup membership. This study aims to demonstrate the usefulness of rating scale tree (RStree) model in detecting DIF of Likert-type scales across age and gender in social sciences.

Examining Parameter Invariance in a General Diagnostic Classification Model.

The present study aimed at investigating invariance of a diagnostic classification model (DCM) for reading comprehension across gender. In contrast to models with continuous traits, diagnostic classification models inform mastery of a finite set of latent attributes, e.g.

Is the d2 Test of Attention Rasch Scalable? Analysis With the Rasch Poisson Counts Model.

The d2 test is a cancellation test to measure attention, visual scanning, and processing speed. It is the most frequently used test of attention in Europe. Although it has been validated using factor analytic techniques and correlational analyses, its fit to item response theory models has not been examined.