Effectiveness of implementation of sickle cell disease referral guidelines and other measures in paediatric department at a tertiary hospital in Saudi Arabia.

Background: Sickle cell disease (SCD) is an autosomal recessive genetic blood disorder. It affects up to 2.6% of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia population.

Management of Infected Tissues Around Dental Implants: A Short Narrative Review.

Dental implants have become the most effective treatment option for replacing missing teeth, worldwide. The popularity and demand for dental implants are continually increasing. Nevertheless, its complications are undeniable.

Topical oxygen therapy as a novel strategy to promote wound healing and control the bacteria in implantology, oral surgery and periodontology: A review.

Globally, oral infections and inflammatory lesions persist as substantial public health concerns, necessitating the introduction of novel oral treatment protocols. Oral diseases are linked to various causative factors, with dental plaque/biofilm resulting from inadequate hygiene practices playing a predominant role. The strategic implementation of novel topical therapies holds promise for effectively controlling the biofilms, addressing oral infections and promoting enhanced oral wound healing.

Effectiveness of Topical Oxygen Therapy in Gingivitis and Periodontitis: Clinical Case Reports and Review of the Literature.

Gingivitis and periodontitis are common oral pathological conditions. Several optional adjunctive local therapies are used clinically. While antibiotics and chlorhexidine are the most common agents of choice, their long-term use is associated with several adverse effects.

Local Oxygen-Based Therapy (bluem) for Treatment of Peri-Implant Disease: Clinical Case Presentation and Review of Literature about Conventional Local Adjunct Therapies.

Peri-implant diseases including peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis are among the major causes of failure of implant-supported dental restorations. They are characterized by progressive inflammation of the peri-implant mucosa, extending to the surrounding connective tissues and leading to bone loss and implant failure. Although strict oral hygiene practices help in preventing peri-implant diseases, plaque buildup around the implant restoration leads to chronic inflammation, due to the adherent bacterial biofilm.

SASLT guidelines: Update in treatment of hepatitis C virus infection, 2024.

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection has been a major global health concern, with a significant impact on public health. In recent years, there have been remarkable advancements in our understanding of HCV and the development of novel therapeutic agents. The Saudi Society for the Study of Liver Disease and Transplantation formed a working group to develop HCV practice guidelines in Saudi Arabia.

Renal angina index in critically ill children as an applicable and reliable tool in the prediction of severe acute kidney injury: Two tertiary centers' prospective observational study from the Middle East.

Acute kidney damage (AKI) is a common cause of pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) admissions. Implementing a reno-protective strategy for AKI prediction can significantly enhance outcomes. The renal angina index (RAI) is a risk stratification tool used to predict severe AKI.

Effectiveness of generic sofosbuvir in the treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus infection in Saudi patients.

Objectives: To assess the effectiveness of generic sofosbuvir (SOF) and branded daclatasvir (DCV) for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV)infected patients.

Methods: This retrospective study, performed in a single center in Saudi Arabia between August 2017 and July 2022, we enrolled 140 consecutive patients with HCV who received generic SOF and branded DCV. The primary outcome was sustained virologic response at week 12 (SVR12).

Surveillance and treatment of primary hepatocellular carcinoma (aka. STOP HCC): protocol for a prospective cohort study of high-risk patients for HCC using GALAD-score.

Background: Vietnam and Saudi Arabia have high disease burden of primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Early detection in asymptomatic patients at risk for HCC is a strategy to improve survival outcomes in HCC management. GALAD score, a serum-based panel, has demonstrated promising clinical utility in HCC management.

Would a 6-Month Wait Time for Patients With Hepatocellular Carcinoma Improve Organ Allocation in Centers With Active Living Related Liver Transplant Activity?

Objectives: The Model for End-Stage Liver Disease score is used to prioritize patients awaiting liver transplant. Since hepatocellular carcinoma does not affect the score, patients with hepatocellular carcinoma are given exception points to promote fairness. In the United States,this practice has resulted in overcorrection; hence, a 6-month delay to grant exceptions was implemented.

The use of portable OSL and IRSL measurements of NaCl in low dose assessments following a radiological or nuclear emergency.

During recovery phases following a nuclear or radiological incident analyses of doses received by members of the public and responders are often required. Several methods have been investigated for use at different timescales after the incident, including assessments based on measurements of materials present at the time of the incident. Common salt has previously been shown to have potential for retrospective dosimetry in the mGy dose range using laboratory instrumentation.

Lower prevalence of hepatic fibrosis in low viremic hepatitis B patients with fluctuating HBV DNA levels.

Background: In chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) patients, fluctuations in HBV DNA serve as a "gray area" and impede the accurate identification of inactive carriers. We aimed to assess if such fluctuations impact the presence of significant hepatic fibrosis (Metavir F2-4) in chronic HBV patients.

Methods: Consecutive, untreated HBeAg-negative carriers (n = 234) with fluctuating HBV DNA (n = 73) above or below a level of 2000 IU/mL were included and compared to those without fluctuations (n = 161).

Surface Engineering for Dental Implantology: Favoring Tissue Responses Along the Implant.

Dental implants represent an illustrative example of successful medical devices used in increasing numbers to aid (partly) edentulous patients. Particularly in spite of the percutaneous nature of dental implant systems, their clinical success is remarkable. This clinical success is at least partly related to the effective surface treatment of the artificial dental root, providing appropriate physicochemical properties to achieve osseointegration.

Histological evaluation of titanium fiber mesh-coated implants in a rabbit femoral condyle model.

Objectives: This study was aimed to comparatively evaluate new bone formation into the pores of a flexible titanium fiber mesh (TFM) applied on the surface of implant.

Methods: Twenty-eight custom made cylindrical titanium implants (4 ×10 mm) with and without a layer of two different types of TFM (fiber diameter of 22 µm and 50 µm, volumetric porosity ~70%) were manufactured and installed bilaterally in the femoral condyles of 14 rabbits. The elastic modulus for these two TFM types was ~20 GPa and ~5 GPa respectively, whereas the solid titanium was ~110 GPa.

Peri-Implant bone response around porous-surface dental implants: A preclinical meta-analysis.

Introduction: This -analysis of relevant animal studies was conducted to assess whether the use of porous-surface implants improves osseointegration compared to the use of non-porous-surface implants.

Material And Methods: An electronic search of PubMed (MEDLINE) resulted in the selection of ten animal studies (out of 865 publications) for characterization and quality assessment. Risk of bias assessment indicated poor reporting for the majority of studies.

Clinical and Metabolic Characteristics of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Patients in Saudi Arabia: Data from the Systematic Observatory Liver Disease (SOLID) Registry.

Background And Aims: The prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is increasing in Saudi Arabia (SA), but descriptions of the clinical and metabolic characteristics of these patients are limited. The present study aims to fill this gap.

Methods: Demographic, clinical, and laboratory data of all NAFLD patients from 2009 to 2019 were retrieved from the Systematic Observatory Liver Disease Registry (SOLID) [n=832 (337 males; 495 females); mean (± standard deviation, SD) age was 42.

Favorable response to carbamazepine therapy in genetically proven myoclonus-dystonia child.

Background: Myoclonus dystonia (MDS) is a dominantly inherited genetic disorder caused by loss-of-function mutations in the epsilon sarcoglycan gene (SGCE).

Case Presentation: We here in report a twenty months old Saudi boy who presented to us with a concern that the child is unable to walk properly. On assessment, he was flexing his left arm and left leg that usually followed by a back-ward fall.

Histological and Histomorphometric Analyses of Bone Regeneration in Osteoporotic Rats Using a Xenograft Material.

We evaluated the effect of osteoporotic induction after eight weeks of initial healing of bone defects grafted with a xenograft material in a rat model. Bone defects were created in the femoral condyles of 16 female Wistar rats (one defect per rat). The defects were filled with bovine bone (Inter-Oss) granules.

Histomorphometric Evaluation of Peri-Implant Bone Response to Intravenous Administration of Zoledronate (Zometa) in an Osteoporotic Rat Model.

We evaluated the response to peri-implant bone placed in the femoral condyle of osteoporotic rats, following intravenous zoledronate (ZOL) treatment in three settings: pre-implantation (ZOL-Pre), post-implantation (ZOL-Post), and pre- + post-implantation (ZOL-Pre+Post). Twenty-four female Wistar rats were ovariectomized (OVX). After 12 weeks, the rats received titanium implants in the right femoral condyle.

Impact of Single or Combined Drug Therapy on Bone Regeneration in Healthy and Osteoporotic Rats.

Complications in bone regeneration in patients with systemic impaired bone metabolism (e.g., osteoporosis) represent a rapidly increasing clinical challenge.

The development and future of dental implants.

Since 1970s, a lot of effort has been devoted toward the development of dental implants. Dental implants are nowadays an indispensable part of clinical dentistry. The global dental implant market is expected to reach $13 billion in 2023.