Publications by authors named "Hamby B"

Objective: Bicycling is an affordable way to increase access to employment, schooling, and services and an effective measure against obesity. Bikeshare programs can make bicycling accessible to diverse populations, but little evidence exists on their adoption in low-resource neighborhoods. Our study examined factors associated with bikeshare use in a metropolitan area in the southern United States.

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Adherence to pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) is low. Previous studies have focused on clinical predictors of PR completion. We aimed to identify social determinants of adherence to PR.

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Introduction: This study examines the health lifestyles of a cohort of blacks and whites in relation to cardiovascular disease (CVD). The link between health lifestyles and CVD is well established, but most of the focus has been on SES and more research is needed on racial differences.

Methods: Data were from the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults study of black (n=2,451) and white (n=2,351) men and women.

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This review article addresses the concept of the social determinants of health (SDH), selected theories, and its application in studies of chronic disease. Once ignored or regarded only as distant or secondary influences on health and disease, social determinants have been increasingly acknowledged as fundamental causes of health afflictions. For the purposes of this discussion, SDH refers to SDH variables directly relevant to chronic diseases and, in some circumstances, obesity, in the research agenda of the Mid-South Transdisciplinary Collaborative Center for Health Disparities Research.

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Background: Hepatic artery stenosis (HAS) after orthotopic liver transplantation is a significant risk factor for subsequent hepatic artery thrombosis (HAT). HAT is associated with a 30%-50% risk of liver failure culminating in retransplantation or death. Traditional treatment of hepatic artery complications has been surgical, with hepatic artery revision or retransplantation.

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Validation of the 15-day intact adult male rat screening assay (IAMRSA), an endocrine activity screen, was extended beyond the 28 substances evaluated to date. Two independent laboratories evaluated specificity using allyl alcohol (AA), a putative negative control, and DE-71 (technical grade pentabromodiphenyl ether) for comparison with previous pubertal assays that demonstrated thyroid effects. Male rats (15/group) were gavaged daily with AA (0, 10, 30, or 40 mg/kg/day) or DE-71 (0, 3, 30, or 60 mg/kg/day) for 15 days.

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Objective: Some physicians and academicians have suggested that limiting selected healthcare resources to the elderly will help curtail the rising cost of health care in the United States. In order to test this hypothesis in a specific medical context, we compared the cost of caring for younger (< 65 yrs) patients with that of caring for older (> or = 65 yrs) patients who underwent craniotomy for treatment of brain tumors.

Design: Prospective collection and review of data on patients undergoing craniotomy for tumor in our institution between February 1989 and December 1991.

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Objectives: To evaluate the comparative safety and effectiveness of intravenous infusion of propofol or midazolam when used for 12 to 24 hrs of sedation and to evaluate the quality of sedation during stimulation.

Design: An open, comparative, prospective, randomized study.

Setting: Surgical intensive care unit (ICU) in a university hospital.

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Rotavirus vaccine could be administered most efficiently if it were incorporated into routine childhood immunizations and did not interfere with the immune response to the other vaccines, principally oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV). We conducted a placebo-controlled randomized trial giving oral rhesus rotavirus vaccine (RRV) (strain MMU 18006) alone and together with a child's first dose of OPV and diphtheria-tetanus toxoids-pertussis to examine the possible interaction of these vaccines. A total of 102 infants 2 to 3 months of age were randomized into 3 groups to receive (1) RRV with OPV, (2) placebo with OPV and (3) RRV 2 weeks after OPV.

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Outbreaks of coxsackievirus B5 (CB5) infections occur primarily during peak epidemic years, with comparatively few cases occurring during intervening years. This pattern of periodic CB5 epidemicity is quite distinct from the general endemicity typical of other group B coxsackieviruses. To determine the genetic relationships among CB5 isolates from different outbreaks, we compared viral RNAs by ribonuclease T1 oligonucleotide fingerprinting.

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Clinical, angiographic, and therapeutic aspect of coronary artery disease of long duration (exceeding 20 years) is reviewed in 50 patients (study group) and compared to a control group of 100 consecutive patients with coronary artery disease of shorter duration. All were referred because of symptomatic coronary artery disease. The study group had a greater incidence of clinically evident extracardiac vascular disease (28% vs 4%) (p less than 0.

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The results obtained indicate, that catfish peripheral blood lymphocytes recognize and respond to human IL-1. The second part of this report is dealing with a substance produced by carp epidermal cells with functional similarities to mammalian IL-1.

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IL-1 is known to cross species barriers in that IL-1 of one mammalian species can interact with cells of other mammalian species. The work described herein demonstrates that IL-1 can cross phylogenetic classes as IL-1 derived from human peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) potentiated the proliferative response of catfish lymphocytes to the T cell mitogen Concanavalin A (ConA). Catfish PBL were separated by density gradient centrifugation and used in blastogenic transformation assays.

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