Comparative study on the behavioral and EEG changes induced by diazepam, buspirone and a novel anxioselective anxiolytic, DN-2327, in the cat.

Behavioral and EEG effects of 2-(7-chloro-1,8-naphthyridin-2-yl)-3-[(1,4)-dioxa-8-(azas piro-[4.5]dec-8- yl)carbonylmethyl]isoindolin-1-one (DN-2327; 1, 5 and 20 mg/kg p.o.

Plasma atrial natriuretic peptide during hemodialysis with or without fluid removal.

Plasma immunoreactive human atrial natriuretic peptide (hANP) levels were measured in 9 patients with chronic renal failure treated with maintenance hemodialysis in order to evaluate the effects of fluid removal and osmotic pressure. Under hemodialysis without fluid removal plasma hANP levels remained unchanged, but the levels were significantly decreased during extra-corporeal ultrafiltration (p less than 0.01).

A Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease agent (Echigo-1 strain) recovered from brain tissue showing the 'panencephalopathic type' disease.

We used histologic evidence of degenerative changes in both the gray and white matter of the brain to diagnose a patient as having the panencephalopathic type of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD). This type of CJD is relatively common in Japan, but not in North America or Europe. We recovered a transmissible pathogen (Echigo-1 strain) from an autopsy specimen of the patient's brain and passed it serially in Hartley guinea pigs.

Propagation of hepatitis A virus in hybrid cell lines derived from marmoset liver and Vero cells.

To establish monkey liver cell lines with a high susceptibility to hepatitis A virus (HAV), marmoset (Saguinus labiatus) liver cells were fused with Vero cells deficient in hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase and the resulting hybrid cells were selected in HAT medium. Of four hybrid cell lines obtained (S. 1a/Ve-1 to -4), three (S.

PAG stimulation does not affect primary antibody responses in rats.

Adult male rats, which had electrodes chronically implanted in the periaqueductal gray (PAG), were immunized with sheep red blood cells (SRBCs). The number of direct and indirect plaque-forming cells (PFCs) in the group receiving PAG stimulation after immunization did not differ significantly from that in the unstimulated group. Thus, the results indicate that short-term PAG stimulation does not suppress antibody-producing activity in the rat.

Studies on transmission of human non-A, non-B hepatitis to marmosets.

Two sera obtained from four healthy blood donors, which caused non-A, non-B post-transfusion hepatitis in two recipients, were experimentally inoculated into nine marmosets. Three of seven marmosets developed acute hepatitis characterized by the elevation of serum concentrations of glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT) and/or isocitric dehydrogenase (ICD) 8-11 weeks after inoculation. Four of seven showed histopathological changes of acute hepatitis in liver biopsy specimens during the biochemically acute phase.

Studies on drug absorption from oral cavity. II. Influence of the unstirred water layer on absorption from hamster cheek pouch in vitro and in vivo.

The influence of the unstirred water layer (UWL) adjacent to the membrane surface of the hamster cheek pouch on absorption was studied in vitro and in vivo. The tissue uptake rate of 14C-laurylalcohol was determined in vitro and the value of the effective resistance of UWL (RW) was calculated. RW values were reduced by increasing the stirring rate of the mucosal solution.

Expression of major histocompatibility complex class I antigens as a strategy for the potentiation of immune recognition of tumor cells.

Like many primary tumors, human adenovirus type 12 (Ad12)-transformed mouse cells express greatly reduced levels of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I antigens and are highly tumorigenic in immunocompetent hosts. Expression of a transfected class I gene by these cells can abrogate their tumorigenicity. Both the K and the L class I genes can suppress the malignant phenotype.

Growth experiment of Hantaan virus in A549 cells: an attempt to improve the immunofluorescent antibody technique for hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome.

An assay method for the infectivity of Hantaan virus, a causative agent of HFRS (hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome), was developed by the use of IFA (immunofluorescent antibody technique). With the aid of this method, the growth characteristics of Hantaan virus, 76-118 strain, were followed in A549 cells. At a maximal MOI (multiplicity of infection) of 1.

Localization of hepatitis A virus in marmoset liver tissue during the acute phase of experimental infection.

Electron microscopic and virological studies of marmoset liver tissue with acute infection of hepatitis A virus (HAV), especially in the earlier stages of infection, were carried out to characterize the maturation process of HAV. Four marmosets were inoculated intravenously with HAV suspension and sacrificed 1 week, 2 weeks, 3 weeks and 4 weeks after inoculation respectively. Hepatitis A antigen (HAAg) in 10% liver homogenates of marmosets was examined by radioimmunoassay and a large amount of HAAg was detected in the liver homogenate of two marmosets sacrificed 2 weeks and 3 weeks after inoculation respectively.

Seroepidemiology of human T-lymphotropic retrovirus type I (HTLV-I) in residents of Niigata Prefecture, Japan. Comparative studies by indirect immunofluorescence microscopy and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

A large sample of carriers of human T-lymphotropic retrovirus type I (HTLV-I) in Niigata Prefecture was examined for the detection of natural antibodies to HTLV-I-related antigens in sera using both indirect immunofluorescence microscopy (IFM) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The present findings are based on multiple surveys, using each assay technique at least twice. Although Niigata Prefecture has been considered a non-endemic region for HTLV-I, Sado Island has been proven by this study to be a relatively endemic pocket within this non-endemic area.

Location of human T-cell leukemia virus (HTLV) p19 antigen on virus-producing cells.

Mouse monoclonal antibody to HTLV p19 was used to locate HTLV p19 on the surface of cells and virions by immunofluorescence microscopy (IFM) and immunoelectron microscopy (IEM). When HTLV-producing cells HUT 102 (B2 clone), MT-2 and strain A were used as target cells, HTLV p19 was detected on the surface of cells and virions as spots or small sectors by both IFM and IEM. Cells infected with animal type-C retroviruses, e.

Effector cells working for rejection of Ad12 tumors in mice.

Immune spleen cells (ISC) capable of inhibiting the growth of adenovirus type 12 (Ad12) tumors were raised in C57BL/6 mice by immunization with Ad12, fractionated according to their affinity for plastic and nylon-wool substrates or treated with various antisera plus complement, and subjected to the tumor-neutralization test (Winn) to define the effector cells for the cell species. Full antitumor activity of ISC was recovered in the cell fractions nonadherent to the two substrates; the antitumor activity of ISC was abrogated entirely by anti-Thy-1,2 serum and almost entirely by anti-Lyt-2.2 ascites fluid plus complement.

Close association of virus-specific cell surface and H-2 antigens in Ad12-infected and -transformed mouse cells.

A virus-specific cell surface (S) antigen in adenovirus type 12 (Ad12)-transformed mouse cells has been assumed to be a direct target for cytotoxic thymus derived lymphocytes (CTL). In this study, the spatial proximity between the S and H-2 antigens was determined by three different methods, the proximity and co-capping tests, and the test for blocking of CTL-mediated lysis by anti-H-2 serum. In the proximity test with Ad12-infected thymic and splenic lymphocytes, and an Ad12-transformed line of C3H-He (H-2k) mouse cells, anti-H-2k and anti-S sera reciprocally inhibited fluorescent-antibody staining of the opposite antigens.

Propagation of human hepatitis A virus in conventional cell lines.

Fecal extracts of hepatitis A (HA) patients were selected for the presence of hepatitis A virus (HAV) by radioimmunoassay (RIA) and immune electron microscopy (IEM). When FL and Vero cells were inoculated with fecal extracts containing HAV, development of hepatitis A antigen (HAAg) was evident in the cytoplasm of the two cell lines by the indirect immunofluorescence (IF) test. The antigen was detectable in the cells 12 hr postinoculation (pi), and reached a plateau within two days pi.

Tumor-specific transplantation and surface antigen in cells transformed by the adenovirus 12 DNA fragments.

Adenovirus type 12 (Ad 12) tumor-specific transplantation antigen (TSTA) and the surface (S) antigen were examined using rat cells transformed with Ad 12 DNA and its fragments. WY3 (3Yl cells transformed with Ad 12 whole DNA), CYl (3Yl cells transformed with the EcoRI-C fragment of Ad 12 DNA), and GY cells (3Yl cells transformed with the HindIII-G fragment of Ad 12 DNA) contained TSTA and S antigen, but HY cells (3Y1 cells transformed with the BpaI-H fragment of Ad12 DNA) did not. These results suggest that TSTA and S antigens contain a protein(s) coded for by a portion of the transforming gene.

Susceptibility of Ad12-transformed S (+) and S (-) mouse cells to cell-mediated immunity in vitro.

Adenovirus type 12 (Ad12)-transformed mouse cells were examined for their susceptibility to cell-mediated immunity in vitro, with respect to the activity of the virus-specific surface (S) antigen in the cells. A transformed cell line, C57AT1, was established from embryonic cells of C57BL/6 mice by Ad12 infection. In fluorescent antibody tests, the transformed cells were positive for the S antigen when the cells were maintained as cultures, whereas when the cells were grown as tumors in animals they became negative for the antigen (referred to as S(+) and S(-) cells, respectively).