The correlation of intracranial parenchymal calcium score and the severity of neurological clinical presentation in carbonic anhydrase deficiency type 2.

Background: Carbonic anhydrase type II deficiency (CAII-D) syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive genetic disorder characterized by osteopetrosis, renal tubular acidosis, and brain calcifications. Understanding the clinical and radiological features of CAII-D is key to effective management.

Aim: This study aimed to comprehensively analyze and measure intracranial parenchymal calcium score in pediatric CAII-D in relation to the severity of neurological clinical presentation.

Global Impact of Obesity.

The prevalence of preobesity and obesity is rising globally, multiple epidemiologic studies have identified preobesity and obesity as predisposing factors to a number of noncommunicable diseases including type 2 diabetes (T2DM), cardiovascular disease (CVD), and cancer. In this review, we discuss the epidemiology of obesity in both children and adults in different regions of the world. We also explore the impact of obesity as a disease not only on physical and mental health but also its economic impact.