A process inspired by fractals for embedding digital codes into additively manufactured components for supply chain security.

This study describes procedures for embedding digital information into additively manufactured components as well as procedures for readout and tensile testing. Embedded digital codes were printed inside ASTM E8/E8M dumbbells using Direct Metal Laser Melting (DMLS) with an EOS M290 printer. The codes were configured as either ellipsoids or prolate spheroids in patterns given by the Cantor dust fractal.

Endoscopic evaluation of the feline tympanic bulla is feasible for detection of epithelial remnants following ventral bulla osteotomy in a cadaveric model.

Objective: To evaluate endoscopy for detection of epithelial remnants within the feline tympanic bulla following ventral bulla osteotomy (VBO) and to report the most likely locations within the bulla for epithelial remnants to occur.

Methods: This was a single-center experimental cadaveric study. 10 VBO procedures were performed by 5 board-certified surgeons in 5 feline cadavers.

White Light-Emitting Flexible Displays with Quantum-Dot Film and Greenish-Blue Organic Light-Emitting Diodes.

White organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) represent a significant technology in the display industry for the achievement of full color. However, sophisticated technologies are required for white light emission. In this paper, we developed a simple white light-emitting display device using a quantum-dot (QD) film and a greenish-blue OLED.

Theoretical and experimental analysis of the modulated phase grating X-ray interferometer.

X-ray grating interferometry allows for the simultaneous acquisition of attenuation, differential-phase contrast, and dark-field images, resulting from X-ray attenuation, refraction, and small-angle scattering, respectively. The modulated phase grating (MPG) interferometer is a recently developed grating interferometry system capable of generating a directly resolvable interference pattern using a relatively large period grating envelope function that is sampled at a pitch that is small enough that X-ray spatial coherence can be achieved by using a microfocus X-ray source or G0 grating. We present the theory of the MPG interferometry system for a 2-dimensional staggered grating, derived using Fourier optics, and we compare the theoretical predictions with experiments we have performed with a microfocus X-ray system at Pennington Biomedical Research Center, LSU.

The gut microbiome is associated with susceptibility to febrile malaria in Malian children.

Malaria is a major public health problem, but many of the factors underlying the pathogenesis of this disease are not well understood, including protection from the development of febrile symptoms, which is observed in individuals residing in areas with moderate-to-high transmission by early adolescence. Here, we demonstrate that susceptibility to febrile malaria following Plasmodium falciparum infection is associated with the composition of the gut microbiome prior to the malaria season in 10-year-old Malian children, but not in younger children. Gnotobiotic mice colonized with the fecal samples of malaria-susceptible children were shown to have a significantly higher parasite burden following Plasmodium infection compared to gnotobiotic mice colonized with the fecal samples of malaria-resistant children.

Comparison of remote and in-person respiratory function grading of brachycephalic dogs.

Objective: To compare the reliability of respiratory function grading (RFG) scores assigned in-person and remotely via video and electronic stethoscope recordings, evaluated by novice and expert graders.

Study Design: Prospective study.

Sample Population: Fifty-seven brachycephalic dogs.

The additional value of ultrasound markers in the diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome.

Objective: To study the value of current definitions for follicle number per ovary and ovarian volume in the diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Setting: University tertiary care center.

Stabilizing Pure Water-Fed Anion Exchange Membrane Water Electrolyzers through Membrane-Electrode Interface Engineering.

Nickel-iron (oxy)hydroxide (NiFeOH) stands as a cutting-edge nonprecious electrocatalyst for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). However, the intrinsic thermodynamic instability of nickel and iron as anode materials in pure water-fed electrolyzers poses a significant durability challenge. In this study, an anion exchange ionomer coating was applied to NiFeOH to modify the local pH between a membrane and an electrode.

Practice Analysis: Developing a Content Outline for the Child Abuse Pediatrics Certification Exam.

The examination by which physicians achieve board certification in CAP should reflect the knowledge and skills required of the modern practitioner. The American Board of Pediatrics (ABP) assembled a 12-member volunteer panel of practicing child abuse pediatricians to conduct a practice analysis. In the first phase of the project, the panel identified and documented the practice domains, tasks, knowledge, and skills required for clinical practice.

Linear and discrete foreign body small intestinal obstruction outcomes, complication risk factors, and single incision red rubber catheter technique success in cats.

Objective: To compare survival and report perioperative complications in cats undergoing surgery for small intestinal (SI) linear (LFBO) and discrete (DFBO) foreign body obstructions (FBO). To report success of a red rubber catheter technique (RRCT) to remove LFBOs.

Study Design: Retrospective study.

Anti-müllerian hormone as a diagnostic biomarker for polycystic ovary syndrome and polycystic ovarian morphology: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Importance: As part of the 2023 international evidence-based polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) guideline, this meta-analysis investigated the inclusion of Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels in the diagnostic criteria for PCOS.

Objective: To answer the following three questions: 1) Are AMH levels effective in diagnosing PCOS in adult women? 2) Are AMH levels effective in diagnosing PCOS in adolescents? Are AMH levels effective in diagnosing polycystic ovarian morphology (PCOM)?

Data Sources: Searches were conducted in six databases until July 31, 2023.

Study Selection And Synthesis: Eligible studies were those conducted in humans, published in English, and reporting sensitivity, specificity, and/or area under the curve values.

Use of near-infrared fluorescence angiography with indocyanine green to evaluate direct cutaneous arteries used for canine axial pattern flaps.

Objective: To describe the use of near-infrared angiography (NIRFA) to identify the vascularization of three canine axial pattern flaps (APFs) omocervical (OMO), thoracodorsal (THO), and caudal superficial epigastric (CSE); to establish a vascular fluorescence pattern (VFP) grading system; and to evaluate the effect of NIRFA on surgeon flap dimension planning compared to traditional landmark palpation (LP) and visualization assessments.

Study Design: Experimental study.

Animals: A total of 15 healthy, client-owned dogs.

Clustering Identifies Subtypes With Different Phenotypic Characteristics in Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.

Context: Hierarchical clustering (HC) identifies subtypes of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

Objective: This work aimed to identify clinically significant subtypes in a PCOS cohort diagnosed with the Rotterdam criteria and to further characterize the distinct subtypes.

Methods: Clustering was performed using the variables body mass index (BMI), luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), testosterone, insulin, and glucose.

Susceptibility to febrile malaria is associated with an inflammatory gut microbiome.

Malaria is a major public health problem, but many of the factors underlying the pathogenesis of this disease are not well understood. Here, we demonstrate in Malian children that susceptibility to febrile malaria following infection with is associated with the composition of the gut microbiome prior to the malaria season. Gnotobiotic mice colonized with the fecal samples of malaria-susceptible children had a significantly higher parasite burden following infection compared to gnotobiotic mice colonized with the fecal samples of malaria-resistant children.

ACE inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers differentially alter the response to angiotensin II treatment in vasodilatory shock.

Background: Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEi) and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB) medications are widely prescribed. We sought to assess how pre-admission use of these medications might impact the response to angiotensin-II treatment during vasodilatory shock.

Methods: In a post-hoc subgroup analysis of the randomized, placebo-controlled, Angiotensin Therapy for High Output Shock (ATHOS-3) trial, we compared patients with chronic angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEi) use, and patients with angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) use, to patients without exposure to either ACEi or ARB.

Age-related Curves of AMH Using the Gen II, the picoAMH, and the Elecsys Assays in Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.

Context: Several challenges still exist to adopt the anti-müllerian hormone (AMH) as a marker of polycystic ovary morphology, as included in the recently updated international guideline. Although different evaluations of age- and assay-specific reference ranges have been published in the past few years, these studies have mainly been conducted in normo-ovulatory or infertile women.

Objective: To develop an age-specific percentile distribution of AMH in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) measured by 3 different assays.

The Arthroscopic Biceps Rerouting Technique Shows Better Early Clinical Outcomes within 1 Year Than Partial Repair in Large to Massive Rotator Cuff Tears.

: The arthroscopic biceps rerouting (BR) technique was introduced as a novel technique for large-to-massive rotator cuff tears (LMRCTs). This method can restore shoulder stability, and its biomechanical effect was verified in a cadaver experiment. Recent reports have shown favorable clinical outcomes.

High-Throughput Synthesis of Nanogap-Rich Gold Nanoshells Using Dual-Channel Infusion System.

Gold nanoshells have been actively applied in industries beyond the research stage because of their unique optical properties. Although numerous methods have been reported for gold nanoshell synthesis, the labor-intensive and time-consuming production process is an issue that must be overcome to meet industrial demands. To resolve this, we report a high-throughput synthesis method for nanogap-rich gold nanoshells based on a core silica support (denoted as SiO@Au NS), affording a 50-fold increase in scale by combining it with a dual-channel infusion pump system.

Angiotensin II treatment is associated with improved oxygenation in ARDS patients with refractory vasodilatory shock.

Background: The physiological effects of renin-angiotensin system modulation in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) remain controversial and have not been investigated in randomized trials. We sought to determine whether angiotensin-II treatment is associated with improved oxygenation in shock-associated ARDS.

Methods: Post-hoc subgroup analysis of the Angiotensin Therapy for High Output Shock (ATHOS-3) trial.

Neutron interferometry using a single modulated phase grating.

Neutron grating interferometry provides information on phase and small-angle scatter in addition to attenuation. Previously, phase grating moiré interferometers (PGMI) with two or three phase gratings have been developed. These phase-grating systems use the moiré far-field technique to avoid the need for high-aspect absorption gratings used in Talbot-Lau interferometers (TLI) that reduce the neutron flux reaching the detector.

A Simple Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy Method for Quantification and Classification of Edible Sea Salts Assisted by Surface-Hydrophilicity-Enhanced Silicon Wafer Substrates.

Salt, one of the most commonly consumed food additives worldwide, is produced in many countries. The chemical composition of edible salts is essential information for quality assessment and origin distinction. In this work, a simple laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy instrument was assembled with a diode-pumped solid-state laser and a miniature spectrometer.