Bronchial carcinoid: a clinical follow-up study of 33 cases.

Thirty-three bronchial carcinoid tumours operated on in a 22-year period are reviewed. They were histologically verified as typical carcinoids with Grimelius' argryophilic staining (25 cases), electron microscopy (6) and immunostaining for synaptophysin (4). Nineteen were endobronchial and 14 peripheral, intraparenchymal tumours.

Recurrence and malignant transformation of endotracheal chondroma.

An endotracheal chondroma with recurrent course and malignant transformation is described. The first chondroma recurrence appeared 5 years after the primary operation, with no histopathological signs of malignancy. A second recurrence after a further 6 years showed obvious histological evidence of malignant chondrosarcoma.

Bronchoplastic procedures in the treatment of endobronchial carcinoid tumors.

Pulmonary carcinoid tumor was surgically treated in 33 patients during a 22-year period. The tumor was polypoid and endobronchial in 19 (58%) of the patients. Conventional operation was required in 12 (63%) of the 19, viz.

Benign mesenchymal tumours of the lung including sclerosing haemangiomas.

Clinical aspects of twelve patients with benign mesenchymal lung tumours including four so-called sclerosing haemangiomas were studied. The age of the patients varied from 17 to 62 years (mean 40 years). Seven patients were female and five were male.

Tracheobronchial rupture due to blunt chest trauma: a follow-up study.

From 1970 to 1988, 9 patients were treated for tracheobronchial rupture arising from nonpenetrating thoracic trauma. All patients had dyspnea and pneumothorax. Four patients had rupture of the right main bronchus, 3 had rupture of the left main bronchus, 1 had rupture of the right intermediate bronchus, and 1 had rupture of the trachea.

Intravascular bronchioloalveolar tumor.

A 17-year-old girl was operated for a solitary well-circumscribed pulmonary parenchymal tumor and reoperated ten times for multiple recurrent similar pulmonary tumors during 24 years. Histologic examination revealed the so-called intravascular bronchioloalveolar tumor (IVBAT) in all instances. The patient died from pneumonia superimposed on decreased respiratory function 24 years after the onset of disease.

Postoperative active specific immunotherapy with supportive measures in patients suffering from recurrent metastasized melanoma: case reports of six patients.

The clinical results from postoperative active specific immunotherapy using autologous polymerized tumor material in six patients suffering from metastasized melanoma is reported. Correction of an alleged systemic deficiency leading to malignant cell transformation was attempted by administering certain essential trace elements, amino acids, vitamins, and a diet containing lipids, extracted from the mammalian central nervous system, after heating. Vaccinations against influenza were also given as a precaution against certain viral infections sometimes seen to precede melanoma recurrence.

Tracheobronchomalacia in an adult with metaphyseal chondrodysplasia.

Anaesthetic complications such as obstruction of airways by submucosal cartilage-bone protuberances, immobility of the neck or instability of the atlanto-axial joint have been described earlier in paediatric patients with congenital osteochondral disorders. This report concerns a case in which tracheal collapse due to tracheobronchial malacia in an adult patient with metaphyseal chondrodysplasia evidently caused severe ventilatory difficulties in the induction of anaesthesia. The management of the patient on three subsequent occasions is described.

A long-term double-blind comparison of doxazosin and atenolol in patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension.

The efficacy and safety of doxazosin and atenolol were compared following once-daily administration for up to 1 year, with a minimum of 20 weeks' active treatment. According to response, patients received doxazosin 1-16 mg day-1 or atenolol 50-100 mg day-1. Mean daily doses at the final efficacy assessment (between 20 weeks and 1 year) were doxazosin 11.

Active specific immunotherapy with supportive measures in the treatment of palliatively nephrectomized, renal adenocarcinoma patients. A thirteen-year follow-up study.

The results of a 13-year (1971-1984) follow-up of specific active immunotherapy using polymerized autologous tumor tissue with adjuvants and supportive measures, following palliative nephrectomy in 71 patients suffering from advanced renal adenocarcinoma, are presented. The control patient group comprised 56 patients who received the best possible conservative treatment available. The statistically calculated life expectancy in the immunotherapy group is 44.

Bronchial rupture caused by blunt chest trauma.

Tracheobronchial rupture is a rare and serious complication of blunt chest trauma. The cause is often a traffic accident and the rupture may be associated with other, fatal injuries. Three cases were treated at our clinic in the period 1970-1982.

Experience with streptokinase treatment of major pulmonary embolism.

The efficacy of streptokinase was studied in an open trial on 30 consecutive patients with major pulmonary embolism, affecting at least three lobar arteries in pulmonary angiography. Streptokinase was started on average 26 hours from the onset of symptoms and usually given directly to the pulmonary artery. Conventional dosage was used and adjusted by thrombin time.

Surgical treatment of benign endobronchial tumours.

Four cases of benign endobronchial tumour are reported which were successfully treated by bronchial resection. In two cases (of fibroma and leiomyoma respectively) a cylinder of bronchus alone was resected; in one case (lipoma) a healthy right upper lobe was preserved by a bronchoplastic procedure and in the other (chondroma) the tumour was removed with the right lower lobe, which was irreversibly damaged. It is important to recognise that such tumours are unsuitable for treatment by endoscopic means alone.

A new form of metaphyseal chondrodysplasia in two sibs: surgical treatment of tracheobronchial malacia and scoliosis.

We describe a 19-year-old male with a previously unrecognized form of disproportionate short stature, tracheobronchial malacia, and progressive scoliosis and his 28-year-old sister with the same but milder condition. The clinical characteristics were short limbs and digits and thoracolumbar scoliosis. Bone films showed progression from marked metaphyseal dysplasia of tubular bones in childhood to short and broad bones with mild dysplasia of the joints in adulthood.

Occlusion of the right pulmonary artery: a rare, late complication of radiation therapy.

Two cases of total occlusion of the right pulmonary artery 22 and 28 years after mediastinal irradiation are presented. The first patient is alive 29 years after the radiation therapy, and the second patient died of heart failure 31 years after the therapy. This very rare complication is one cause of radiological unilateral hyperlucent lung syndrome.

Surgical support of collapsing intrathoracic tracheomalacia after thyroidectomy.

Invalidating tracheal collapse occurred in a 55-year-old male farmer after extirpation of an intrathoracic goitre. The collapse was successfully treated by a new modification of supportive surgery developed by us, viz. circumferential application of heavy Marles mesh (Davol Inc.

Spirometric studies in non-smoking, healthy adults.

Reference spirometric values for vital capacity (VC), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in one second as percentage of vital capacity or of forced vital capacity (FEV%), the highest flow during forced inspiration (Vmax insp), the highest forced expiratory flow at 50% vital capacity (Vmax 50%), the highest forced expiratory flow when 75% of vital capacity has been expired (Vmax 25%), Vmax insp/Vmax 50% and peak expiratory flow (PEF) were determined in a series of 296 males and 257 females, 18-65 years old, who have never smoked. Equations were derived using height and age as predictors. The reproducibility was tested.

Chronic unilateral hyperlucent lung. A consecutive series of 40 patients.

A clinical series of 40 consecutive patients with chronic unilateral hyperlucent lung was analysed. Swyer-James (MacLeod) syndrome turned out to be the most common diagnosis (18 patients, 45%). Other causes were localized emphysema (8 patients, 20%), congenital hypoplastic pulmonary artery (4 patients, 10%), previous massive pulmonary embolism (4 patients, 10%), bronchial carcinoma (3 patients, 7.

Cinetracheobronchography and surgical correction of central airway collapse in an asthmatic patient.

The role of central airway collapse in asthma was demonstrated by cinetracheobronchography (CTBG) in a 45-year-old severely asthmatic woman, with total tracheal collapse during coughing. She was successfully treated by circumferential supportive tracheobronchial surgery, The contribution of CTBG in demonstrating tracheobronchial dynamics is stressed, not only in the pre-operative evaluation but also in the postoperative control.

New surgical correction of central airway collapse in an asthmatic patient.

Circumferential support of the trachea and main bronchi is a new surgical method of preventing the collapse of the major airways. Heavy Marlex mesh is applied around the trachea and main bronchi and fixed with a Histoacryl adhesive. A severely asthmatic woman with total tracheal collapse during coughing underwent such a surgical application treatment successfully.

Management of severe bronchial asthma in an intensive care unit.

Seventy-nine patients suffering from severe bronchial asthma were treated in the intensive care unit (ICU) between 1970 and 1978. This was 0.8% of the total number of asthmatic patients treated in Meilahti hospital during the same period.

Labetalol and pindolol in the treatment of hypertension: a comparative study.

Labetalol, a new hypotensive drug with both alpha- and beta-adrenoceptor antagonist properties, was compared with pindolol in a double blind cross-over study lasting 15 weeks. Both drugs caused a significant drop on blood pressure in both the standing and the supine position. The effect was seen after only two weeks treatment.