Functional lumen imaging probe topography identifies patients with normal acid exposure and esophageal hypervigilance amongst proton-pump inhibitor non-responders.

Background: Multiple factors contribute to symptom generation and treatment response in proton-pump inhibitor non-responders (PPI-NRs). We aimed to test whether PPI-NRs with normal acid exposure have a higher degree of esophageal hypersensitivity and hypervigilance and can be identified using functional lumen imaging probe (FLIP) topography at the time of endoscopy.

Methods: Data from PPI-NRs whom underwent endoscopy, FLIP and wireless 96-h pH-metry were retrospectively analyzed.

Functional dissection of the promoter.

ARGONAUTES are the central effector proteins of RNA silencing which bind target transcripts in a small RNA-guided manner. has 10 () genes, with specialized roles in RNA-directed DNA methylation, post-transcriptional gene silencing, and antiviral defense. To better understand specialization among genes at the level of transcriptional regulation we tested a library of 1497 transcription factors for binding to the promoters of ,, and using yeast 1-hybrid assays.