Differential protein expression profile in the intestinal epithelium from patients with inflammatory bowel disease.

The loss of intestinal epithelial cell (IEC) function is a critical component in the initiation and perpetuation of chronic intestinal inflammation in the genetically susceptible host. We applied proteome analysis (PA) to characterize changes in the protein expression profile of primary IEC from patients with Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). Surgical specimens from 18 patients with active CD (N = 6), UC (N = 6), and colonic cancer (N = 6) were used to purify primary IEC from ileal and colonic tissues.

Interleukin-10 blocked endoplasmic reticulum stress in intestinal epithelial cells: impact on chronic inflammation.

Background & Aims: The initiation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-mediated stress responses in intestinal epithelial cells (IEC) may contribute to the pathogenesis of chronic intestinal inflammation. The aim of the study was to use functional epithelial cell proteomics to characterize anti-inflammatory mechanisms of interleukin 10 (IL-10).

Methods: Primary IEC were isolated from Enterococcus faecalis-monoassociated IL-10-deficient (IL-10-/-) and wild-type mice to perform 2D-gel sodium-dodecyl-sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry.

[Limb fractures in organ transplanted patients].

Patients that have had organ transplantation receive immunosuppressive therapy to prevent organ rejection. Along with this therapy comes a higher incidence of osteoporosis, which may lead to an increased frequency of fractures in post-transplant patients. This article presents three patients who underwent organ transplantation and had subsequent fractures: subcapital fracture of the femoral neck treated with hemiarthroplasty of the hip, in a patient 8 years post cardiac transplantation; minimally displaced intertrochanteric fracture treated by percutaneous pinning, in a patient one year post lung transplantation; minimally displaced subcapital fracture treated by percutaneous pinning, in a patient 3 months post liver transplantation.

Phase III trial of capecitabine plus oxaliplatin as adjuvant therapy for stage III colon cancer: a planned safety analysis in 1,864 patients.

Purpose: To report the results of a planned safety analysis from a phase III trial comparing capecitabine plus oxaliplatin (XELOX) with bolus fluorouracil/leucovorin (FU/LV) as adjuvant therapy for stage III colon cancer.

Patients And Methods: Patients with stage III colon carcinoma were randomly assigned to receive either XELOX (intravenous oxaliplatin plus oral capecitabine; 3-week cycle for eight cycles) or standard intravenous bolus FU/LV administered as the Mayo Clinic (Mayo; Rochester, MN) or Roswell Park (RP; Buffalo, NY) regimen for a similar length of time. A total of 1,886 patients were randomly assigned.

Identification of homologous genes of T. annulata proteins in the genome of Theileria sp. (China).

Homologues to previously described Theileria (T.) annulata genes (T. annulata surface protein [TaSP], putative T.

Extended safety and efficacy data on S-1 plus cisplatin in patients with untreated, advanced gastric carcinoma in a multicenter phase II study.

Background: S-1 is a promising oral fluoropyrimidine. The authors obtained extended Phase II safety and efficacy data in a multicenter setting for the S-1 plus cisplatin combination: The experimental arm of the global Phase III First-Line Advanced Gastric Cancer Study (FLAGS) is being compared with 5-fluorouracil/cisplatin.

Methods: Eligible patients had untreated, histologically confirmed advanced gastric cancer (AGC), a Karnofsky performance status (KPS) > or =70%, adequate organ function, and provided written consent.

IL-10 gene-deficient mice lack TGF-beta/Smad-mediated TLR2 degradation and fail to inhibit proinflammatory gene expression in intestinal epithelial cells under conditions of chronic inflammation.

Nonpathogenic enteric bacterial species initiate and perpetuate experimental colitis in interleukin-10 geneeficient mice (IL-10(-/-)). Bacteria-specific effects on the epithelium are difficult to distinguish because of the complex nature of the gut microflora. We showed that IL-10(-/-) mice compared to wild-type mice fail to inhibit pro-inflammatory gene expression in native intestinal epithelial cells after the colonization with colitogenic Gram-positive Enterococcus faecalis.

The management of acute visual loss after sinus surgery--two cases of rhinogenic optic neuropathy.

Introduction: Different causative mechanisms of ophthalmic complications during endonasal sinus surgery have been reported. Only a few cases of blindness caused by affections of the optic nerve due to inflammatory paranasal sinus disease have been described.

Objective: Inflammatory optic neuropathy shall be considered among the causative factors for amaurosis after sinus surgery.

[Detection of drug transport using X-ray techniques].

The purpose of the paper was to show X-ray techniques used to discover drugs transported inside the body (body packers), on the body surface, in the garments or luggage, in goods and vehicles. The analysis was based on the X-ray findings of 141 body packers caught in Hamburg between 1989 and 2004 as well as individual cases from personal collections. The use of X-rays for border and security checks is described, different technical concepts are demonstrated and examples are given, e.

Phase III trial of fluorouracil-based chemotherapy regimens plus radiotherapy in postoperative adjuvant rectal cancer: GI INT 0144.

Purpose: Adjuvant chemoradiotherapy after or before resection of high-risk rectal cancer improves overall survival (OS) and pelvic control. We studied three postoperative fluorouracil (FU) radiochemotherapy regimens.

Patients And Methods: After resection of T3-4, N0, M0 or T1-4, N1, 2M0 rectal adenocarcinoma, 1,917 patients were randomly assigned to arm 1, with bolus FU in two 5-day cycles every 28 days before and after radiotherapy (XRT) plus FU via protracted venous infusion (PVI) 225 mg/m2/d during XRT; arm 2 (PVI-only arm), with PVI 42 days before and 56 days after XRT + PVI; or arm 3 (bolus-only arm), with bolus FU + leucovorin (LV) in two 5-day cycles before and after XRT, plus bolus FU + LV (levamisole was administered each cycle before and after XRT).

Consensus report of the international society of gastrointestinal oncology on therapeutic progress in advanced pancreatic cancer.

Since 1997, when gemcitabine showed superior clinical benefit to single-agent 5-fluorouracil, it has remained the standard of care for the treatment of advanced pancreatic cancer. Numerous new agents, both cytotoxic and targeted, have been tested against this standard. Some trials showed improved response rates or progression free survival, but there was no clear improvement in survival.

Phase II study of mitomycin-C, adriamycin, cisplatin (MAP) and Bleomycin-CCNU in patients with advanced cancer of the anal canal: An eastern cooperative oncology group study E7282.

Metastatic anal cancer is a rare disease in the Western hemisphere and current treatment modalities are not effective. In this study, patients with advanced epithelial cancer of the anal canal received MAP followed by Bleomycin and CCNU upon progression of disease. Twelve out of twenty eligible patients had a partial response 60%, (95% CI {36% -81%}).

R U OK 2 TXT 4 RESEARCH?--feasibility of text message communication in primary care research.

Background: Young people have led the recent rise in prevalence of text message usage, which is increasingly used in clinical settings.

Objective: To assess the feasibility and acceptability of text message communication as a research tool in clinical research.

Methods: One hundred and ten consecutive young patients aged 16-24 years were recruited in four general practices (one inner urban, one outer urban, one rural and one university practice) in Victoria and interviewed before the consultation.

Intestinal epithelial cell signalling and host-derived negative regulators under chronic inflammation: to be or not to be activated determines the balance towards commensal bacteria.

Advancing knowledge regarding the cellular mechanisms of intestinal inflammation has led to a better understanding of the disease pathology in patients with chronic disorders of the gut including inflammatory bowel disease, coeliac disease, lymphocytic colitis and irritable bowel syndrome. An emerging new paradigm suggests that changes in the homeostasis of bacteria- and host-derived signal transduction at the epithelial cell level may lead to functional and immune disturbances of the intestinal epithelium. It has become clear from numerous studies that enteric bacteria are a critical component in the development and prevention/treatment of chronic intestinal inflammation.

Functional diversity of flavonoids in the inhibition of the proinflammatory NF-kappaB, IRF, and Akt signaling pathways in murine intestinal epithelial cells.

The molecular understanding of nutritional factors in the process of host factor-mediated activation of the intestinal epithelium may play an important role in the assessment of adjunct nutritional therapy for chronic intestinal inflammation. We characterized the molecular mechanisms of flavonoids including apigenin, luteolin, genistein, 3'-hydroxy-flavone, and flavone in inhibiting tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF)-induced interferon-induced protein (IP)-10 gene expression in the murine intestinal epithelial cell (IEC) line Mode-K. We demonstrated that 3'-hydroxy-flavone but not the chemical core structure flavone blocked TNF-alpha-induced nuclear factor (NF)-kappaB transcriptional activity and IP-10 expression at the level of NF-kappaB/IkappaBalpha phosphorylation/degradation by inhibiting IkappaB kinase activity.

Multicenter phase II trial of S-1 plus cisplatin in patients with untreated advanced gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma.

Purpose: S-1 plus cisplatin is considered highly active in Japanese gastric cancer patients. We conducted a phase II multi-institutional trial, in the West, in patients with untreated advanced gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma to evaluate activity and safety of this combination.

Methods: Patients received cisplatin intravenously at 75 mg/m2 on day 1 and S-1 orally at 25 mg/m2/dose bid (50 mg/m2/d) on days 1 to 21, repeated every 28 days.

Adolescent detainees in an adult prison in Geneva.

Unlabelled: Despite the Convention on the Rights of the Child, some adolescents are still detained in adult prisons in Europe. Little is known about their health status. This cross-sectional study of 67 teenagers detained in an adult prison in Switzerland shows that morbidity in this group is high.

Colon cancer survival is associated with decreasing ratio of metastatic to examined lymph nodes.

Purpose: Colorectal cancer is the second leading cause of cancer deaths in the United States, with poor survival predicted by regional lymph node (LN) metastasis. The impact of LN ratio (LNR) on survival is unknown in this disease.

Patients And Methods: We analyzed data from Intergroup trial 0089 of adjuvant chemotherapy for stage II and III patients with colon cancer, in which all patients received fluorouracil-based therapy.

Phase III study of fluorouracil, leucovorin, and levamisole in high-risk stage II and III colon cancer: final report of Intergroup 0089.

Purpose: In 1990, fluorouracil (FU) plus levamisole for 1 year became standard adjuvant treatment for patients with high-risk stages II and III colon cancer. Intergroup (INT) 0089 assessed the relative contributions of leucovorin and levamisole in such patients.

Patients And Methods: From 1988 to 1992, 3,794 patients were randomly assigned.

Disease-free survival versus overall survival as a primary end point for adjuvant colon cancer studies: individual patient data from 20,898 patients on 18 randomized trials.

Purpose: A traditional end point for colon adjuvant clinical trials is overall survival (OS), with 5 years demonstrating adequate follow-up. A shorter-term end point providing convincing evidence to allow treatment comparisons could significantly speed the translation of advances into practice.

Methods: Individual patient data were pooled from 18 randomized phase III colon cancer adjuvant clinical trials.