Objective: To document school performance (pass/fail, grade point average, reading level, standardized test scores, absences) of cocaine-exposed and control children.
Design: A total of 135 children (62 with gestational cocaine exposure and 73 without), who were enrolled at birth, followed prospectively and have completed the fourth grade, were evaluated using report card data, standardized test results, teacher and parent report, and natal and early childhood data. Successful grade progression was defined as completing grades 1 through 4 without being retained.