Professional Fulfillment and Burnout in Fourth-Year Pharmacy Students and Risk Factors for the Future: A Mixed Methods Study.

Objective: Many factors shape the professional identity of pharmacy students; however, little is known about the influence of well-being. Two aspects of well-being explored in this study include professional fulfillment and burnout. We describe the current levels of each among fourth-year pharmacy students, identify possible predictors, and uncover themes.

Opposing effects of acellular and whole cell pertussis vaccines on biofilm formation, Siglec-F+ neutrophil recruitment and bacterial clearance in mouse nasal tissues.

Despite global vaccination, pertussis caused by () is resurging. Pertussis resurgence is correlated with the switch from whole cell vaccines (wPV) that elicit T1/T17 polarized immune responses to acellular pertussis vaccines (aPV) that elicit primarily T2 polarized immune responses. One explanation for the increased incidence in aPV-immunized individuals is the lack of bacterial clearance from the nose.

Examining second-stage shelters: insights into housing instability and tailored support for IPV survivors.

Background: Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) exposes women and children to a wide range of challenges across housing, employment, social connections, and child well-being and is a public health issue. IPV survivors are at heightened risk of housing insecurity and homelessness. Emergency shelters have historically offered respite and support, but the emergence of second-stage shelters provides longer-term solutions.

BECC438b TLR4 agonist supports unique immune response profiles from nasal and muscular DTaP pertussis vaccines in murine challenge models.

The protection afforded by acellular pertussis vaccines wanes over time, and there is a need to develop improved vaccine formulations. Options to improve the vaccines involve the utilization of different adjuvants and administration via different routes. While intramuscular (IM) vaccination provides a robust systemic immune response, intranasal (IN) vaccination theoretically induces a localized immune response within the nasal cavity.

Multi-stakeholder opinion statement on the care of individuals born with differences of sex development: common ground and opportunities for improvement.

Background: In the last 15 years, the care provided for individuals born with differences of sex development (DSD) has evolved, with a strong emphasis on interdisciplinary approaches. However, these developments have not convinced some stakeholders to embrace the current model of care. This care model has also paid insufficient attention to socio-cultural differences and global inequalities.

Keratometry Changes Between Year One to Seven After Corneal Cross-Linking in Patients With Keratoconus.

Purpose: We evaluated the timing at and extent to which midterm to long-term keratometric changes can occur in year 1 to 7 after corneal collagen cross-linking (CXL) in patients with keratoconus.

Methods: We conducted a subgroup analysis of a retrospective cohort study of all consecutive patients who underwent CXL at our cornea center between 2007 and 2011. The inclusion criteria comprised CXL according to the Dresden protocol and a full set of keratometry parameters collected by Scheimpflug tomography preoperatively and at year 1, 3, 5, and 7 after CXL.

Exploring UK undergraduate healthcare students' perspectives on how to effectively design IPE: A qualitative study.

Objectives: To explore healthcare undergraduates' views on how to design effective IPE. The need for interprofessional education implementation in undergraduate healthcare education is gaining wide recognition globally. Students' views about their learning experiences can offer useful insights to advance teaching and learning courses.

Observation of WZγ Production in pp Collisions at sqrt[s]=13 TeV with the ATLAS Detector.

This Letter reports the observation of WZγ production and a measurement of its cross section using 140.1±1.2  fb^{-1} of proton-proton collision data recorded at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV by the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider.

Evidence for the Higgs Boson Decay to a Z Boson and a Photon at the LHC.

The first evidence for the Higgs boson decay to a Z boson and a photon is presented, with a statistical significance of 3.4 standard deviations. The result is derived from a combined analysis of the searches performed by the ATLAS and CMS Collaborations with proton-proton collision datasets collected at the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC) from 2015 to 2018.

Global dominance of lianas over trees is driven by forest disturbance, climate and topography.

Growing evidence suggests that liana competition with trees is threatening the global carbon sink by slowing the recovery of forests following disturbance. A recent theory based on local and regional evidence further proposes that the competitive success of lianas over trees is driven by interactions between forest disturbance and climate. We present the first global assessment of liana-tree relative performance in response to forest disturbance and climate drivers.

Mitochondria-Derived Reactive Oxygen Species Contribute to Synergistic Interaction of Diabetes and Hypertension in Causing Chronic Kidney Injury.

Diabetes (DM) and hypertension (HTN) are major risk factors for chronic kidney injury, together accounting for >70% of end-stage renal disease. The combination of DM and HTN significantly accelerates development of renal injury; however, the underlying mechanisms of this synergy are still poorly understood. This study assessed whether mitochondria (MT) dysfunction is essential in developing renal injury in a rat model with combined DM and HTN.

Development of an Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Spot Assay for the Assessment of Adeno-Associated Virus Peptides to Examine Immune Safety.

Adeno-associated virus (AAV)-based gene therapies have shown promise as novel treatments for rare genetic disorders such as hemophilia A and spinal muscular atrophy. However, cellular immune responses mediated by cytotoxic (CD8) and helper (CD4) T cells may target vector-transduced cells as well as healthy immune cells, impacting safety and efficacy. In this study, we describe the optimization and reproducibility of interferon-γ (IFNγ)-based and interleukin-2 (IL-2)-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent spot (ELISpot) assays for measuring T cell responses against AAV peptide antigens.

Immunometabolism, extracellular vesicles and cardiac injury.

Recent evidence from our lab and others suggests that metabolic reprogramming of immune cells drives changes in immune cell phenotypes along the inflammatory-to-reparative spectrum and plays a critical role in mediating the inflammatory responses to cardiac injury (e.g. hypertension, myocardial infarction).

Targeting STAT3 in tumor-associated antigen-presenting cells as a strategy for kidney and bladder cancer immunotherapy.

Introduction: Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) improved clinical outcomes in renal and bladder cancer patients, but the response rates remain limited especially in metastatic disease. While STAT3 transcription factor is well-known master regulator of tumor immune evasion, little is known about the role of STAT3 in the resistance of renal or bladder cancers to immunotherapy.

Methods: To better understand immune alterations associated with ICB resistance, we assessed blood biomarkers in renal cancer patients classified as responders or non-responders to first line nivolumab/ipilimumab immunotherapy.

The Association of Hippocampal Long-Term Potentiation-Induced Gene Expression with Genetic Risk for Psychosis.

Genomic studies focusing on the contribution of common and rare genetic variants of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder support the view that substantial risk is conferred through molecular pathways involved in synaptic plasticity in the neurons of cortical and subcortical brain regions, including the hippocampus. Synaptic long-term potentiation (LTP) is central to associative learning and memory and depends on a pattern of gene expression in response to neuronal stimulation. Genes related to the induction of LTP have been associated with psychiatric genetic risk, but the specific cell types and timepoints responsible for the association are unknown.

The Effects of Harvest Maturity of 'Moxie' Hay and Supplemental Energy Source on Forage Utilization in Beef Heifers.

The phenological stage of maturity of grasses and supplementation program can impact forage utilization in grazing beef cattle. However, the potential interaction between harvest maturity of (teff) hay and energy supplement source was yet to be fully evaluated. Therefore, our objective was to determine the effects of harvest maturity of teff hay and supplemental energy sources on nutrient intake, apparent total-tract nutrient digestion, nitrogen (N) utilization, and ruminal fermentation characteristics in beef heifers.

Physician responses to insurance benefit restrictions: The case of ophthalmology.

This study examines the impact of social insurance benefit restrictions on physician behaviour, using ophthalmologists as a case study. We examine whether ophthalmologists use their market power to alter their fees and rebates across services to compensate for potential policy-induced income losses. The results show that ophthalmologists substantially reduced their fees and rebates for services directly targeted by the benefit restriction compared to other medical specialists' fees and rebates.

Real-time monitoring and feedback to improve shared decision-making for surgery (the ALPACA Study): protocol for a mixed-methods study to inform co-development of an inclusive intervention.

Introduction: High-quality shared decision-making (SDM) is a priority of health services, but only achieved in a minority of surgical consultations. Improving SDM for surgical patients may lead to more effective care and moderate the impact of treatment consequences. There is a need to establish effective ways to achieve sustained and large-scale improvements in SDM for all patients whatever their background.

Neurocognitive Profiles of 22q11.2 and 16p11.2 Deletions and Duplications.

Rare recurrent copy number variants (CNVs) at chromosomal loci 22q11.2 and 16p11.2 are among the most common rare genetic disorders associated with significant risk for neuropsychiatric disorders across the lifespan.

Feedback loops drive ecological succession: towards a unified conceptual framework.

The core principle shared by most theories and models of succession is that, following a major disturbance, plant-environment feedback dynamics drive a directional change in the plant community. The most commonly studied feedback loops are those in which the regrowth of the plant community causes changes to the abiotic (e.g.