Evaluation of high-risk features of primary enucleation of patients with retinoblastoma in a tertiary center of a developing country in the era of intra-arterial chemotherapy.

Purpose: To evaluate the frequency of high-risk histopathologic factors in Turkish children enucleated for retinoblastoma and to analyze the association between growth pattern, rosetta formation, tumor thickness, presence of necrosis, calcification, neovascularization, rate of mitosis, and high-risk histopathologic factors.

Methods: Pathology reports of 59 eyes who had received enucleation for retinoblastoma were reviewed retrospectively. The histopathologic data included presence of choroidal invasion, optic nerve invasion, scleral extension, tumor thickness, presence of necrosis, calcification, neovascularization, rosetta formation and lymphocyte infiltration, rate of mitosis, and growth pattern.

Combined excision, cryotherapy, and intraoperative mitomycin C (EXCRIM) for localized intraepithelial and squamous cell carcinoma of the conjunctiva.

Background: To report the results of patients undergoing combined excision, cryotherapy, and intraoperative mitomycin-C (EXCRIM) for primary ocular surface squamous neoplasia (OSSN) METHODS: A retrospective review of a non-comparative interventional case series. Histopathologically confirmed primary localized (less than four clock hours) OSSN treated with EXCRIM using adjuvant 0.02 % mitomycin-C (MMC) were included in the study.

[Malignant rhabdoid tumor of the orbit].

Malignant rhabdoid tumor is a rare and malignant tumor of childhood. Generally it originates from the kidney and central nervous system, but occasionally it may arise from the orbit. Differential diagnosis from other childhood soft tissue sarcomas should be done.

Gamma-knife-based stereotactic radiosurgery for medium- and large-sized posterior uveal melanoma.

Background: This study investigated the use of gamma-knife-based stereotactic radiosurgery (GKRS) for medium- and large-sized posterior uveal melanoma treatment.

Methods: We assessed 50 eyes from 50 consecutive patients with uveal melanoma who were treated with GKRS. All tumors met the criteria for medium- and large-sized uveal melanomas.

Gamma knife stereotactic radiosurgery yields good long-term outcomes for low-volume uveal melanomas without intraocular complications.

We present the outcomes of 35 uveal melanoma patients treated with gamma knife stereotactic radiosurgery. All cases were previously untreated. During follow-up, regular MRI examinations were used to detect any changes in tumor size and estimate the local long-term tumor control rate.

Retinoblastoma in Turkey: survival and clinical characteristics 1981-2004.

Background: In this study, the authors aim to describe the survival and clinical characteristics of 141 retinoblastoma cases treated at Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, University of Istanbul, Istanbul, Turkey, between 1981 and 2004.

Method: The authors retrospectively analyzed the clinical records of 141 children (177 eyes) diagnosed with retinoblastoma and treated between 1981 and 2004. Information on gender, laterality, age at diagnosis, presenting signs, spread of tumor, treatment modality, survival rate, and family history were collected.

Three-wall orbital decompression superiority to 2-wall orbital decompression in thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy.

Purpose: We evaluated the results of the 2-wall and 3-wall orbital decompression in patients with Graves' disease.

Patients And Methods: In this study, we present a consecutive series of 12 patients (18 orbits) who were submitted to orbital decompression by endoscopic transnasal medial wall combined with transantral inferior wall approach and 7 patients (8 orbits) who were submitted to orbital decompression by endoscopic transnasal medial wall, transantral inferior wall combined with transcutaneous lateral wall approach. The degree of exophthalmos was evaluated with the Hertel exophthalmometer preoperatively and postoperatively in the 24th hour, and first, third, and ninth months.

Immunohistochemical analysis of orbital connective tissue specimens of patients with active Graves ophthalmopathy.

Purpose: To explore the immune mechanism of Graves ophthalmopathy (GO) by analyzing infiltrating cells in orbital connective tissue (OCT) specimens of patients with active GO using immunohistochemical methods.

Methods: Five OCT specimens obtained from patients with active GO and five control specimens obtained from forensic cadavers who died from nonmedical reasons were stained with anti-CD3, CD4, CD8, CD45RO, HLA-Dr, CD25, and TNF-alpha monoclonal antibodies. Positively stained cells were counted and results were interpreted as cell counts/mm2.

[Orbital decompression by endoscopic transnasal and transantral approach in thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy].

Objectives: We evaluated the results of orbital decompression in patients with Graves' disease.

Patients And Methods: Orbital decompression was performed by endoscopic transnasal medial wall approach and transantral inferior wall approach in 18 eyes of 12 patients (8 males, 4 females; mean age 41 years; range 24 to 65 years). The degree of exophthalmos was evaluated with the use of the Hertel exophthalmometer preoperatively, and postoperatively in the 24th hour, first and third months.

Early surgery for dysthyroid orbitomyopathy based on magnetic resonance imaging findings.

Purpose: To investigate the value of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the determination of the fibrotic phase in dysthyroid orbitopathy, which may be an indication for early surgery.

Patients And Methods: Thirteen patients with dysthyroid orbitopathy who had vertical deviation in excess of 20 PD and associated diplopia in the primary position that did not respond to medical treatment were included in the study. On MRI, the absence of high-intensity foci in the T2 sequence, especially in the coronal planes, indicated that the extraocular muscles were not edematous.

Extraocular muscle surgery in dysthyroid orbitomyopathy: influence of previous conditions on surgical results.

Purpose: To determine the influence of previous treatments other than the surgical treatment of restrictive myopathy resulting from dysthyroid orbitomyopathy.

Methods: The outcome of 23 cases with dysthyroid orbitomyopathy was evaluated after extraocular muscle surgery.

Results: It has been observed that the duration of the orbitomyopathy, severity of myopathy of the deviation angle, and the modality of treatment prior to surgery (radiotherapy and corticotherapy) did not influence surgical outcome.