Single versus double plate fixation of humeral shaft nonunion.

Introduction: Humeral shaft fractures are common fractures of the diaphysis of the humerus. The aim of this study was to evaluate factors affecting the clinical outcomes of humeral nonunions surgically treated with open reduction and single- versus double-plate fixation with grafting.

Materials And Methods: A total of 31 patients with nonunion treated with single- or double-plate screw fixation with bone grafting were retrospectively analysed.

Inter- and Intraobserver Reliabilities of Four Different Radiographic Grading Scales of Osteoarthritis of the Knee Joint.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the interobserver and intraobserver reliabilities of four different radiographic grading scale of osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee joint, namely, Kellgren-Lawrence (KL), Ahlback, Brandt, and OA Research Society International (OARSI). One consultant orthopaedic surgeon and one rheumatologist who were familiar with these OA grading scales participated in the study. Radiological assessments were performed in random order by each observer on two separate occasions, at least 2 weeks apart.

Isolated Adult Tillaux Fracture Associated With Volkmann Fracture-A Unique Combination of Injuries: Report of Two Cases and Review of the Literature.

Avulsion fractures of the anterior inferior tibiofibular ligament from its tibial attachment, Tillaux fractures, are usually seen in adolescents during the interval of the distal tibial epiphyseal closure. However, this pattern of fracture is rare in adult patients, because the ligaments will usually fail before the bone fails. Avulsion fracture of the posterior inferior tibiofibular ligament from its tibial attachment, Volkmann fracture, is the posterolateral counterpart of a similar injury.

Removal of a bent intramedullary nail in lower extremity: report of two cases and review of removal techniques.

Removal of a bent intramedullary nail (IMN) is a rare but challenging orthopedic problem. Several removal techniques have been described up to date; however, there is no extensive review and no algorithm to manage these cases in current literature. The purpose of this paper is to present two cases that presented with bent IMN and provide an algorithm for management of this rare complication.

Functional outcomes and complications after surgical repair of triceps tendon rupture.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to present the functional outcomes and complications after primary repair of triceps tendon ruptures (TTR).

Patients And Methods: A retrospective review was performed on eight patients (six males, two females) who underwent transosseous suture repair for TTR. Mayo elbow score, range of motion, muscle strength and patient satisfaction were evaluated after at least 1-year follow-up.

Finite element analysis of the stability of transverse acetabular fractures in standing and sitting positions by different fixation options.

Background: Treatment of a transverse acetabular fracture type is possible from an anterior approach, a posterior approach or both. Different fixation methods have been described but whether one is superior to the other is still under debate. The aim of the current study was to test the different fixation alternatives of stabilization of transverse acetabular fractures under two basic physiological loading conditions: standing and sitting utilizing a finite element model.

Effect of surgical closing in total knee arthroplasty at flexion or extension: a prospective, randomized study.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of knee position during wound closure (flexed vs. extended) in total knee arthroplasty on knee strength and function, as determined by knee society scores and isokinetic testing of extensor and flexor muscle groups.

Methods: In a prospective, randomized, double-blind trial, 29 patients were divided in two groups: for Group 1 patients, surgical closing was performed with the knee extended, and for Group 2 patients, the knee flexed at 90°.

Adjunctive hyperbaric oxygen therapy in the treatment of atrophic tibial nonunion with Ilizarov external fixator: a radiographic and scintigraphic study in rabbits.

Objective: The aim of this experimental study was to determine the effects of adjunctive hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBO) on atrophic tibial nonunion treatment using Ilizarov external fixator.

Methods: Twenty New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into two equal groups. A circular external fixator was applied to the right tibia of all the rabbits.

The comparison of the effect of corticosteroids and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) for the treatment of plantar fasciitis.

Introduction: In this study, the results of local injection of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and corticosteroids in the treatment of plantar fasciitis were compared.

Patients And Methods: Sixty patients who were diagnosed as plantar fasciitis and treated conservatively for at least 3 months and had no response to conservative treatment modalities were involved in this study. The first 30 consecutive patients were treated by local injection of 2 mL of 40 mg Methylprednisolone with 2 mL of 2% prilocaine (metilprednizalone) and the second 30 patients were treated by injecting 3 mL PRP after 2 mL of 2% prilocaine injection.

The patellofemoral kinematics in patients with untreated developmental dislocation of the hip suffering from patellofemoral pain.

Purpose: This study reviews the dynamic patellofemoral CT results of 39 patients with untreated developmental dislocation of the hip who are suffering from knee pain.

Method: The mean age of the patients with unilateral developmental dislocation of the hip was 33.3 (±7.

Factors affecting isokinetic muscle strength before and after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the factors affecting muscle strength of ACL-deficient knees before and after ACL reconstruction. The study included 122 male patients who underwent primary ACL reconstruction with a bone-patellar tendon-bone autograft. Preoperative loss and change in muscle strength in both extensor and flexor muscle groups after ACL reconstruction were calculated separately at 60 degrees/sec and 180 degrees/sec angular velocities.

The results of nonoperative treatment for three- and four-part fractures of the proximal humerus in low-demand patients.

Objective: To evaluate the results of nonoperative treatment of three- and four-part fractures of the proximal humerus in patients who refused surgery or could not undergo surgery because of medical conditions.

Design: Retrospective evaluation of prospective collected data.

Setting: Educational and research hospital.

Normophosphatemic type tumoral calcinosis associated with chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis: a case report.

Chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis (CRMO) and tumoral calcinosis are two distinct musculoskeletal diseases with unclear etiopathogenesis. Previously, two CRMO cases with associated tumoral calcinosis were reported. We report a patient who developed tumoral calcinosis after the surgical treatment of CRMO.

The effects of leukotriene receptor antagonist montelukast on histological, radiological and densitometric parameters of fracture healing.

Objectives: In this study we evaluated the effects of montelukast, a leukotriene-receptor antagonist, on fracture healing, and investigated the hypothesis that enhanced fracture healing would be observed with montelukast in a rat tibia fracture model.

Materials And Methods: Sixty adult (6 months old) female Wistar albino rats (mean weight 220 g, range 210-270 g) were randomly divided into two groups: a montelukast group (n=30) and a control group (n=30). Closed tibia fractures were created and fixed by intramedullary Kirschner wire.

Plasma vascular endothelial growth factor levels are similar in subjects with and without osteoporosis.

Objectives: The relation between serum vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) level and bone mineral density (BMD) value was evaluated to investigate the role of VEGF at etiopathogenesis of the osteoporosis.

Patients And Methods: Bone scanning with dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) was performed on a total of 276 patients more than 40 years of age between September 2007 and January 2008 in our hospital's radiology department. A total of 88 patients (44 females; mean age 62.

Bilateral simultaneous femoral neck fractures secondary to a post-infarct generalized tonic-clonic seizure. A case report.

Bilateral femoral neck fractures are generally associated with high-energy trauma or defects in bone metabolism. We present a patient who had not been subjected to high-energy trauma and in whom there was no bone metabolism disorder.

Role of pathophysiology of patellofemoral instability in the treatment of spontaneous medial patellofemoral subluxation: a case report.

Introduction: Medial patellar subluxation is usually seen after lateral retinacular release. Spontaneous medial subluxation of the patella is a very rare condition. There are few reports in the literature on the pathophysiology of iatrogenic medial patellar subluxation.

Axial plane coverage and torsion measurements in primary osteoarthritis of the hip with good frontal plane coverage and spherical femoral head.

Introduction: Mechanical factors play a role in pathogenesis of primary osteoarthritis of the hip. Torsion measures were made to detect whether there is a causal relationship between increase or decrease of femoral anteversion, acetabular anteversion, and osteoarthritis. There are no studies in the literature indicating a relationship between axial plane coverage and osteoarthritis of the hip.

Single or double distal locking in intramedullary nailing of tibial shaft fractures: a prospective randomized study.

Background: The number of distal locking screws may have an effect on union, complication rates and operation time. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of one or two distal locking screws in unreamed intramedullary nailing of closed or grade 1 open, simple or wedge tibial shaft fractures on the incidence of malunion, delayed union, non-union, and screw failure.

Methods: Fifty-seven patients (39 male, 18 female; mean age 38.

The evaluation of hip muscles in patients treated with one-stage combined procedure for unilateral developmental dysplasia of the hip: part I: MRI evaluation.

Background: To assess the status of hip flexor and extensor muscles with MRI in patients with unilateral developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) after walking age who were treated with one-stage combined procedure.

Methods: Twenty-two patients operated upon with one-stage combined procedure for unilateral DDH were included in this study. All patients underwent complete tenotomy of the iliopsoas muscle hindering open reduction.

Does Salter innominate osteotomy with transiliac lengthening effect triradiate cartilage or cause posterior coverage insufficiency?

Introduction: To treat neglected developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH), we performed Salter innominate osteotomy with a modification of transiliac lengthening. We asked whether this modified technique caused posterior coverage problems and triradiate cartilage injury.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 45 patients with unilateral DDH treated by open reduction and femoral shortening and modified Salter innominate osteotomy.

Immediate incorporated hip spica casting in pediatric femoral fractures: comparison of efficacy between normal and high-risk groups.

Background: Immediate hip spica casting is the most commonly used method for the treatment of pediatric femoral fractures. The main disadvantage of the method is the unacceptable shortening (>25 mm), which may occur during the treatment. Buehler et al described the so-called telescope test to identify the cases with a relatively high risk of unacceptable shortening.

The evaluation of intraarticular lesions accompanying ACL ruptures in military personnel who elected not to restrict their daily activities: the effect of age and time from injury.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate arthroscopically the type, localization and prevalence of the meniscal and chondral lesions accompanying complete rupture of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) in patients who elected not to restrict their daily activities after the initial trauma. The size of the chondral lesions was also evaluated. Our second aim is to analyze the effects of age, time from injury, and both age and time from injury in the presence or absence of accompanying lesions in these patients.