Investigation of diode laser effect on the inactivation of selected Gram-negative bacteria, Gram-positive bacteria and yeast and its disinfection on wastewater and natural milk.

Disinfection can be accomplished by adding external chemical agents to kill harmful microorganisms or by removing them using membranes. However, most chemicals are toxic for humans and animals if it is consumed above a certain concentration. Likewise, membranes have fouling problems.

Giant mantle cell lymphoma in the soft tissue of the leg: rare presentation.

Background: Mantle cell lymphomas are aggressive, mature B-cell neoplasms characteristically showing overexpression of cyclin D1. Although lymphadenopathy is the most common presentation, involvement of extranodal sites including bone marrow, peripheral blood, liver, gastrointestinal system, and Waldeyer ring is also seen frequently. Soft tissue localization is extremely rare.

Biomechanical comparison of double versus triple button reconstruction techniques in patients with acromioclavicular joint dislocation.

Background: Although many techniques are used to treat the acromioclavicular (AC) joint dislocations, minimal invasive or arthroscopic coracoclavicular ligament reconstructions became popular recently. In this study, authors compared the biomechanical results of double versus triple button reconstruction techniques.

Methods: Three-dimensional solid modeling of the shoulder girdle was carried out using virtual finite element modeling.

Trevor's disease: up-to-date review of the literature with case series.

Trevor's disease, also known as dysplasia epiphysealis hemimelica, is a rare nonhereditary skeletal development disorder that affects epiphyses. This type of dysplastic lesion was first reported by Mouchet and Berlot in 1926 under the name 'tarsomegaly'. The main aim of this study is to raise awareness of Trevor's disease among orthopedic surgeons and underline some important aspects of treatment by a detailed presentation of four different possible manifestations of the disease.

The relationship between medial meniscal subluxation and stress distribution pattern of the knee joint: Finite element analysis.

Background: Degenerative changes of the knee joint and clinical follow-up after meniscal subluxation are well documented. In the current study three-dimensional (3D) finite element analysis (FEA) of human lower limb was used to investigate the effect medial meniscal subluxation on the loadings of the knee structures.

Methods: Apart from the reference model, a total of ten 3D models were created, according to amount of medial meniscal subluxation.

Treatment of Femur Fractures in Preschool Children with Double Pin Technique: Immediate Incorporated Hip Spica Casting by Two K-Wires.

The immediate hip spica casting is a popular treatment method for femoral fractures in the pediatric age group. Femoral shortening is the unacceptable result for the treatment. In this technique, we tried to describe the immediate spica casting technique pinning with double K-wire in preschool children and evaluate the results with this method.

Arthroscopic fixation with intra-articular button for tibial intercondylar eminence fractures in skeletally immature patients.

The aim of this study was to describe our experiences with arthroscopy-guided intra-articular button fixation in the treatment of displaced tibial eminence fractures in skeletally immature children. Eleven adolescent patients with an average age of 12.2 years were treated arthroscopically between January 2005 and February 2007.

Changes in the loadings on the shoulder girdle in the case of scapulothoracic fusion.

Background: Scapulothoracic fusion (STF) may be an alternative and salvage procedure in the treatment of scapular winging. The biomechanical effects of this procedure on the shoulder girdle have not been previously considered. The purpose of this study is to demonstrate the relationship between STF and the stress distribution pattern of the shoulder girdle.

Osteochondromas originating from unusual locations complicating orthopedic discipline: case series.

Herein, we report clinical, radiological, and follow-up results of seven cases of extraordinary located osteochondromas and highlight the importance of rare and unusual properties of unusual locations of osteochondromas. Seven patients with extraordinary located osteochondromas were treated in our institution (Antalya Memorial Hospital) between the period of February 2009 and March 2014 were reported. The patients were classified according to the localization, symptomatology, and the presence of neurovascular involvement or organ compression.

Assessment of Postoperative Tendon Quality in Patients With Achilles Tendon Rupture Using Diffusion Tensor Imaging and Tendon Fiber Tracking.

Although pre- and postoperative imaging of Achilles tendon rupture (ATR) has been well documented, radiographic evaluations of postoperative intratendinous healing and microstructure are still lacking. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) is an innovative technique that offers a noninvasive method for describing the microstructure characteristics and organization of tissues. DTI was used in the present study for quantitative assessment of fiber continuity postoperatively in patients with acute ATR.

Luxatio erecta humeri: Report of a swimming injury with analysis of the mechanism of the injury and associated injuries in literature.

Inferior shoulder dislocation also referred to as luxatio erecta is an unusual and rare type of shoulder dislocation. Its incidence is about 0.5% among all shoulder dislocations.

Treatment of calcaneal fractures with closed reduction and the Endobutton-assisted technique: short-term analysis.

Background: Closed reduction and percutaneous pinning, open reduction and internal fixation, and primary arthrodesis are procedures used in the surgical treatment of calcaneal fractures. This study presents short-term clinical and radiologic results of patients with calcaneal fractures treated by closed indirect reduction with Endobutton-assisted minimally invasive osteosynthesis.

Methods: Twenty-one feet of 18 patients (four women and 14 men) with calcaneal fractures were retrospectively analyzed.

Can hyperbaric oxygen be used to prevent deep infections in neuro-muscular scoliosis surgery?

Background: The prevalence of postoperative wound infection in patients with neuromuscular scoliosis surgery is significantly higher than that in patients with other spinal surgery. Hyperbaric oxygen has been used as a supplement to treat postsurgical infections. Our aim was to determine beneficiary effects of hyperbaric oxygen treatment in terms of prevention of postoperative deep infection in this specific group of patients in a retrospective study.

Suture anchor fixation strength with or without augmentation in osteopenic and severely osteoporotic bones in rotator cuff repair: a biomechanical study on polyurethane foam model.

Background: The purpose of the present study was to compare the results of various types of anchor applications with or without augmentation in both osteopenic and severely osteoporotic bone models.

Methods: Two different types of suture anchors were tested in severely osteoporotic (SOP) and osteopenic polyurethane (PU) foam blocks using an established protocol. An Instron machine applied static loading parallel to the axis of insertion until failure, and the mean anchor failure strengths were calculated.

Osteoblastoma of the os capitatum.

An osteoblastoma is a primary benign bone tumor, which is rarely seen in hand bones. Osteoblastoma is generally seen in spine, pelvis, and long bones. However, there are a few case reports of osteoblastoma in wrist and hand bones.

Axial plane analysis of Lenke 1A adolescent idiopathic scoliosis as an aid to identify curve characteristics.

Background Context: Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is a complex three-dimensional (3D) deformity of the spine involving deviations in the frontal plane, modifications of the sagittal profile, and rotations in the transverse plane. Although Lenke classification system is based on 2D radiographs and includes sagittal thoracic and coronal lumbar modifiers, Lenke et al. suggested inclusion of axial thoracic and lumbar modifiers in the analysis.

Stress distribution comparisons of foot bones in patient with tibia vara: a finite element study.

Blount's disease, or tibia vara, is the most common cause of pathologic genu varum in children and adolescents. Changes in the loading of knee structures such as tibial articular cartilage, menisci and subcondral bone are well documented in case of genu varum. But the mechanical effects of this condition on foot bones are still questionable.

Experimental model of osteoporosis: comparison between ovariectomy and botulinum toxin a.

Objective: To evaluate whether Botulinum toxin-A (BTX-A) has a similar effect to that of ovariectomy (OVX) on bone regarding bone mineral densitometry.

Methods: A total of 51 female rats were randomly divided into three groups of 17 animals each. The rats in the first group formed the control group, without any surgical procedure (Group 1).

Using a Combination of Intralaminar and Pedicular Screw Constructs for Enhancement of Spinal Stability and Maintenance of Correction in Patients With Sagittal Imbalance: Clinical Applications and Finite Element Analysis.

Study Design: Case series and finite element analysis.

Objective: To report the clinical results of using intralaminar screw-rod (ILS) constructs as supplements to regular pedicle screw (PS) constructs in "high risk for implant failure" patients and to report the results of a finite element analysis (FEA) of this new instrumentation technique.

Summary Of Background Data: Despite advances in surgery and implantation techniques, osteoporosis, obesity, revision surgeries, and neuromuscular conditions (such as the Parkinson disease) are challenges against achieving solid arthrodesis and maintaining correction.

The effect of proximal tibial corrective osteotomy on menisci, tibia and tarsal bones: a finite element model study of tibia vara.

Background: Proximal tibial open wedge osteotomy (PTO) is a corrective operation used in the surgery of lower extremities and is applied to patients with varus deformities for sufficient correction. The aim of the study was to evaluate whether the PTO can achieve decreased stress-bearing on the tibia and tarsal bones in addition to correcting the mechanical axis of the lower limb in patients with tibia vara.

Methods: Three-dimensional (3D) solid modelling of the lower extremity was carried out using computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance (MR)-containing images of all of the bony elements and non-bony structures.

The short- and long- term effects of estrogen deficiency on apoptosis in musculoskeletal tissues: an experimental animal model study.

Background: Estrogen is the major sex steroid affecting the growth, remodeling, and homeostasis of the female skeleton. Estrogen loss in postmenopausal women leads to osteoporosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the early and long- term effects of estrogen loss on bones, tendons, muscles, and menisci in ovariectomized rats.

The use of intralaminar screws in patients with spinal deformity.

Study Design: Retrospective study.

Objective: To demonstrate that intralaminar screws (ILS) can be used as supplements in spinal deformity surgery in the thoracic and lumbar levels in pediatric and adult patients.

Summary Of Background Data: Rigid posterior fixation of the spine is generally accomplished using pedicle screws, hooks, or wires.

A minimally invasive technique for the reduction of calcaneal fractures using the Endobutton®.

Calcaneal fractures are very common injuries, and closed reduction-percutaneous pinning, open reduction-internal fixation, and primary arthrodesis are the procedures used in the surgical treatment of these injuries. The aim of surgical treatment is to restore the normal biomechanics of the Achilles tendon and rearfoot by anatomic reduction of the articular surfaces. Minimization of the soft tissue complications commonly associated with the open treatment of calcaneal fractures can be achieved using indirect closed reduction and Kirschner wire or screw-assisted minimally invasive percutaneous osteosynthesis methods.