Screening for obstructive sleep apnea in the memory clinic: A comparison of questionnaires, pulse oximetry, and polysomnography.

Background: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is highly prevalent among older adults and has been associated with cognitive decline and dementia risk. The suitability of screening tools for detecting OSA in memory clinic settings is unclear.

Objective: To evaluate the utility and validity of the STOP-Bang questionnaire (SBQ) and pulse oximeter as a screening tool, compared to gold-standard polysomnography (PSG) in older adults attending a memory clinic.

Mental health provider and youth service users' perspectives regarding implementation of a digital mental health platform for youth: A survey study.

Background: For youth and young adults (YYAs) with mental health concerns, digital mental health (dMH) can improve access to care and support collaboration with providers. Measurement-based care using a dMH platform may further optimize YYA outcomes by individualizing treatment approaches. Engaging service providers and YYA provides an opportunity to better understand how to mitigate implementation challenges.

Cultural and Contextual Adaptation of Digital Health Interventions: Narrative Review.

Background: Emerging evidence suggests that positive impacts can be generated when digital health interventions are designed to be responsive to the cultural and socioeconomic context of their intended audiences.

Objective: This narrative review aims to synthesize the literature about the cultural adaptation of digital health interventions. It examines how concepts of culture and context feature in design and development processes, including the methods, models, and content of these interventions, with the aim of helping researchers to make informed decisions about how to approach cultural adaptation in digital health.

Quantifying the interrelationships between physical, social, and cognitive-emotional components of mental fitness using digital technology.

Mental fitness is a construct that goes beyond a simple focus on subjective emotional wellbeing to encompass more broadly our ability to think, feel, and act to achieve what we want in our daily lives. The measurement and monitoring of multiple (often interacting) domains is crucial to gain a holistic and complete insight into an individual's mental fitness. We aimed to demonstrate the capability of a new mobile app to characterise the mental fitness of a general population of Australians and to quantify the interrelationships among different domains of mental fitness.

Digital rights and mobile health in Southeast Asia: A scoping review.

Objective: Digital technology has the potential to support or infringe upon human rights. The ubiquity of mobile technology in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) presents an opportunity to leverage mobile health (mHealth) interventions to reach remote populations and enable them to exercise human rights. Yet, simultaneously, the proliferation of mHealth results in expanding sensitive datasets and data processing, which risks endangering rights.

Promoting social, emotional, and cognitive development in early childhood: A protocol for early valuation of a culturally adapted digital tool for supporting optimal childrearing practices.

Objective: The Thrive by Five app promotes positive interactions between children and parents, extended family, and trusted community members that support optimal socio-emotional and cognitive development in the early years. This article aims to describe the protocol for a prospective mixed-methods multi-site study evaluating Thrive by Five using surveys, interviews, workshops, audio diaries from citizen ethnographers and app usage data.

Methods: The study activities and timelines differ by site, with an extensive longitudinal evaluation being conducted at two sites and a basic evaluation being conducted at five sites.

Using a Rapid Learning Health System for Stratified Care in Emerging Adult Mental Health Services: Protocol for the Implementation of Patient-Reported Outcome Measures.

Background: Mental illness among emerging adults is often difficult to ameliorate due to fluctuating symptoms and heterogeneity. Recently, innovative approaches have been developed to improve mental health care for emerging adults, including (1) implementing patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) to assess illness severity and inform stratified care to assign emerging adults to a treatment modality commensurate with their level of impairment and (2) implementing a rapid learning health system in which data are continuously collected and analyzed to generate new insights, which are then translated to clinical practice, including collaboration among clients, health care providers, and researchers to co-design and coevaluate assessment and treatment strategies.

Objective: The aim of the study is to determine the feasibility and acceptability of implementing a rapid learning health system to enable a measurement-based, stratified care treatment strategy for emerging adults.

Implementation of an Electronic Mental Health Platform for Youth and Young Adults in a School Context Across Alberta, Canada: Thematic Analysis of the Perspectives of Stakeholders.

Background: Youth, aged 15 to 24 years, are more likely to experience mental health (MH) or substance use issues than other age groups. This is a critical period for intervention because MH disorders, if left unattended, may become chronic and serious and negatively affect many aspects of a young person's life. Even among those who are treated, poor outcomes will still occur for a percentage of youth.

Enhancing equitable engagement for digital health promotion: Lessons from evaluating a childrearing app in Indonesia.

Part of the appeal of digital health interventions, including mHealth, is the potential for greater reach in places where conventional health promotion is hampered by geographical, financial or social barriers. Yet, 'engagement' - typically understood as user experience and interactions with technology - remains a persistent challenge, particularly in places where technology access or familiarity with technology is limited. We undertook an evaluation of a childrearing app to promote socioemotional and cognitive development in early childhood across the world.

Assessing sleep architecture and cognition in older adults with depressive symptoms attending a memory clinic.

Background: While depression is intrinsically and bidirectionally linked with both sleep disturbance and cognition, the inter-relationships between sleep, cognition, and brain integrity in older people with depression, especially those with late-onset depression are undefined.

Methods: One hundred and seventy-two older adults (mean age 64.3 ± 6.

Older adults' needs and preferences for a nutrition education digital health solution: A participatory design study.

Background: The global population is ageing rapidly and there is a need for strategies to promote health and wellbeing among older adults. Nutrition knowledge is a key predictor of dietary intake; therefore, effective educational programmes are urgently required to rectify poor dietary patterns. Digital health technologies provide a viable option for delivering nutrition education that is cost-effective and widely accessible.

Digital Rights and Mobile Health in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: Protocol for a Scoping Review.

Background: Digital technology is a means to uphold or violate human rights in various domains, including business, military, and health. Given the pervasiveness of mobile technology in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), mobile health (mHealth) interventions present an opportunity to reach remote populations and enable them to exercise civil and political rights and economic, social, and cultural rights, such as the right to health and education. Simultaneously, the ubiquity of mobile phones involves processing sensitive data which can threaten rights, including the right to privacy and nondiscrimination.

Digital Application of Clinical Staging to Support Stratification in Youth Mental Health Services: Validity and Reliability Study.

Background: As the demand for youth mental health care continues to rise, managing wait times and reducing treatment delays are key challenges to delivering timely and quality care. Clinical staging is a heuristic model for youth mental health that can stratify care allocation according to individuals' risk of illness progression. The application of staging has been traditionally limited to trained clinicians yet leveraging digital technologies to apply clinical staging could increase the scalability and usability of this model in services.

Developing Culturally Appropriate Content for a Child-Rearing App to Support Young Children's Socioemotional and Cognitive Development in Afghanistan: Co-Design Study.

Background: Optimal child-rearing practices can help mitigate the consequences of detrimental social determinants of health in early childhood. Given the ubiquity of personal digital technologies worldwide, the direct delivery of evidence-based information about early childhood development holds great promise. However, to make the content of these novel systems effective, it is crucial to incorporate place-based cultural beliefs, traditions, circumstances, and value systems of end users.

The Polarization of Clinician and Service Staff Perspectives After the Use of Health Information Technology in Youth Mental Health Services: Implementation and Evaluation Study.

Background: Highly personalized care is substantially improved by technology platforms that assess and track patient outcomes. However, evidence regarding how to successfully implement technology in real-world mental health settings is limited.

Objective: This study aimed to naturalistically monitor how a health information technology (HIT) platform was used within 2 real-world mental health service settings to gain practical insights into how HIT can be implemented and sustained to improve mental health service delivery.

User Experience Co-Design of a Mobile Application to Support Childrearing in Low- and Middle-Income Countries.

The widespread adoption of mobile phones and increasing mobile connectivity globally create opportunities to access remote and disadvantaged populations. Mobile health interventions in low- and middle-income countries have substantial reach and potential to promote the socio-emotional and cognitive development of children. This study presents co-design workshop findings relating to the user experience of a mobile application - Thrive by Five - which intends to promote healthy early childhood development globally, particularly in low- and middle-income countries.

Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behaviours Concerning the Mediterranean Diet Among Older Adults in Australia.

Despite the growing body of evidence demonstrating the positive health effects of the Mediterranean diet, it is not routinely recommended in practice and adherence is low in the general population in Australia. The knowledge-attitude-behaviour model explains how health behaviours are supported through a process of acquiring knowledge, developing attitudes, and forming behaviours. Evidence has suggested that having a high level of nutrition-related knowledge is associated with more positive attitudes, which is directly linked to positive dietary behaviours.

Parenting app to support socio-emotional and cognitive development in early childhood: iterative codesign learnings from nine low-income and middle-income countries.

Objective: Many children in low-income and middle-income countries are disadvantaged in achieving early developmental potential in childhood as they lack the necessary support from their surroundings, including from parents and caregivers. Digital technologies, such as smartphone apps, coupled with iterative codesign to engage end-users in the technology-delivered content development stages, can help overcome gaps in early child development (ECD). We describe the iterative codesign and quality improvement process that informs the development of content for the , localised for nine countries in Asia and Africa.

Characterising variability in youth mental health service populations: A detailed and scalable approach using digital technology.

Objective: This study utilised digital technology to assess the clinical needs of young people presenting for care at centres across Australia.

Method: 1490 young people (12-25 years) who presented to one of 11 services from four geographical locations (urban New South Wales, urban South Australia, regional New South Wales, and regional Queensland) completed a digital multidimensional assessment at initial presentation. Characteristics were compared between services and geographical locations.

Behaviour Change Techniques Used in Mediterranean Diet Interventions for Older Adults: A Systematic Scoping Review.

Mediterranean diet interventions have demonstrated positive effects in the prevention and management of several chronic conditions in older adults. Understanding the effective components of behavioural interventions is essential for long-term health behaviour change and translating evidence-based interventions into practice. The aim of this scoping review is to provide an overview of the current Mediterranean diet interventions for older adults (≥55 years) and describe the behaviour change techniques used as part of the interventions.

Designing an App for Parents and Caregivers to Promote Cognitive and Socioemotional Development and Well-being Among Children Aged 0 to 5 Years in Diverse Cultural Settings: Scientific Framework.

Recent years have seen remarkable progress in our scientific understanding of early childhood social, emotional, and cognitive development, as well as our capacity to widely disseminate health information by using digital technologies. Together, these scientific and technological advances offer exciting opportunities to deliver high-quality information about early childhood development (ECD) to parents and families globally, which may ultimately lead to greater knowledge and confidence among parents and better outcomes among children (particularly in lower- and middle-income countries). With these potential benefits in mind, we set out to design, develop, implement, and evaluate a new parenting app-Thrive by Five-that will be available in 30 countries.

Developing a Parenting App to Support Young Children's Socioemotional and Cognitive Development in Culturally Diverse Low- and Middle-Income Countries: Protocol for a Co-design Study.

Background: Digital technologies are widely recognized for their equalizing effect, improving access to affordable health care regardless of gender, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, or geographic region. The Thrive by Five app is designed to promote positive interactions between children and their parents, extended family, and trusted members of the community to support socioemotional and cognitive development in the first 5 years of life and to strengthen connections to culture and community.

Objective: This paper aims to describe the iterative co-design process that underpins the development and refinement of Thrive by Five's features, functions, and content.

Identifying subtle functional change in individuals with mild cognitive impairment: development and validation of the Healthy Brain Ageing - Functional Assessment Questionnaire.

Accumulating research suggests that individuals with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) experience subtle functional changes, but that available functional assessment tools are insensitive to this. To address this gap, we describe the development and validation of the self-report, "Healthy Brain Ageing Functional Assessment Questionnaire" (HBA-FAQ). We examined the factor structure and psychometric properties of the HBA-FAQ in 503 participants with normal cognition, subjective cognitive decline (SCD), MCI or dementia.