Sonographic measurement of fetal ear length in Turkish women with a normal pregnancy.

Background: Abnormal fetal ear length is a feature of chromosomal disorders. Fetal ear length measurement is a simple measurement that can be obtained during ultrasonographic examinations.

Aims: To develop a nomogram for fetal ear length measurements in our population and investigate the correlation between fetal ear length, gestational age, and other standard fetal biometric measurements.

Aberrant right subclavian artery in Down syndrome fetuses.

Objectives: The aim of this study is to determine the frequency of aberrant right subclavian artery (ARSA) in trisomic and normal fetuses during the routine detailed ultrasonography in the second trimester and to evaluate the potential value of ARSA as an ultrasonographic marker for trisomy 21.

Methods: The presence of normal brachicephalic trunk/or ARSA was confirmed in all pregnant women undergoing second trimester detailed fetal anomaly screening beyond 16th week of pregnancy. Amniocentesis following genetic councelling was recommended to all women having either any positive ultrasonographic marker including ARSA or a positive biochemical screening test (triple test) result.

Clinical significance of P16INK4A and retinoblastoma proteins in non-small-cell lung carcinoma.

This study was performed to determine the frequency of expression loss of p16 and pRb; their relations with each other, tumour histology, tumour stage, nodal status, and survival in formalin fixed, paraffin embedded tumour tissues of patients with non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC). P16 and/or pRb expression loss is observed in 72 (75.8%) out of 95 patients, and 70 (73.