[Simultaneous rupture of a patellar tendon and contralateral quadriceps tendon].

The simultaneous bilateral rupture of the quadriceps tendon is a rare injury; only occasional reports exist about the bilateral simultaneous rupture of the patellar tendon. Degenerative changes of the tendon due to drugs or diseases lead to the rupture. We describe two cases of simultaneous rupture of the patellar and contralateral quadriceps tendons; only one patient had special risks.

[Spondylolysis and spondylolisthesis and sports].

Spondylolysis and spondylolisthesis occur predominantly in the lower lumbar spine. Besides congenital defects such as predisposition of spondylolysis the correlation between competitive sports activities and an increased incidence of spondylolysis is proved. In early stages, complete healing can be achieved by conservative treatment (abstinence from sports activities for 3 months, orthesis).

Spondylolysis and spondylolisthesis: correlation with sport.

Spondylolysis and spondylolisthesis occur predominantly in the lower lumbar spine. Besides congenital defects such as predisposition of spondylolysis the correlation between competitive sports activities and an increased incidence of spondylolysis is proved. In early stages, complete healing can be achieved by conservative treatment (abstinence from sports activities for 3 months, orthesis).

[The knee joint--imaging].

In the assessment of knee joint abnormalities plain films must still be used today as primary imaging modality. For soft tissue, cartilage, tendon and ligament lesions, sonography, CT and MRI (with arthrography) is available today. Especially MRI leads to a significantly extended diagnosis.

[Lobular carcinoma of the breast in magnetic resonance tomography. A case report].

The invasive lobular carcinoma of the breast, the incidence of which is 10-15 per cent, occupies a special position in respect of histological differentiation and biological behaviour. No MR signal enhancement was seen after contrast medium application in the tumoral tissue in the case described here, namely, an invasive lobular carcinoma of the breast of 2 cm size. Hence, it is not always possible to exclude with absolute certainty the presence especially of an invasive lobular carcinoma of the breast in the absence of contrast medium uptake.

The value of high-resolution CT-scan for diagnosis of infectious paranasal sinuses disease and endonasal surgery.

Since 1986 the high resolution CT in two planes is part of our preoperative diagnostic program for patients with chronic rhinosinusitis, acute, complicated rhinosinusitis and polyposis nasi. The importance of the CT for diagnosis, localization, and planning the operation shall be demonstrated.

[Computerized tomography as routine examination procedure in the diagnosis of paranasal sinus diseases from the otorhinolaryngologist's viewpoint. Results].

The renaissance of endonasal microsurgery is not only based on a deeper knowledge of the mucociliar clearance and better operation instruments but depends as well as on the improved radiological diagnosis provided by computed tomography. Since 1986, high-resolution computed tomography in two plains has been part of the authors' preoperative routine diagnostic program for paranasal sinus diseases at their clinic. One hundred and fifty-eight computed tomograms of patients with chronic rhinosinusitis, complicated acute rhinosinusitis, and polyposis nasi were reexamined.

[The feasibility of magnetic resonance tomography in the diagnosis of non-palpable breast tumors].

This study deals with the role of MRI in elucidating clinically silent lesions of the breast with indeterminate changes on mammography. MRI localisation of suspected lesions was possible in all cases by using double coils after contrast enhancement of the glandular tissue, independent of the findings on mammography. Inability to demonstrate micro-calcification did not prove a disadvantage.

[Magnetic resonance tomography in the diagnosis of cervix cancer. Computed tomographic and histological correlations].

The value of magnetic resonance tomography in the diagnosis of carcinoma of the cervix was studied in a prospective series of 20 patients. The results were compared with those of computed tomography and with the clinical findings. The diagnosis depended on the postoperative histology.

[Immunoscintigraphy using 111In-DTPA-labeled monoclonal antibodies: comparison with ECT and planar scintigraphy].

The present study was done in order to examine if the use of 111In-DTPA-labeled MAb fragments in place of 131I-labeled MAb fragments increases the sensitivity of tomographic immunoscintigraphy to reach the level of that of planar imaging techniques. In 11 patients with various primary tumors, local recurrences or metastases [colorectal carcinoma (n = 7), ovarian carcinoma (n = 2), papillary thyroid carcinoma (n = 1), undifferentiated carcinoma of the lung (n = 1)], immunoscintigraphy (IS) was carried out using 111In-DTPA-labeled F(ab')2 fragments of various MAbs (anti-CEA, OC 125, anti-hTG) and planar and tomographic imaging were compared intra-individually. By conventional diagnostic procedures, the presence of a tumor mass was confirmed (transmission computer tomography, ultrasound) or verified (131I whole-body scintigraphy, histology) in all cases.

[Problem of pretherapeutic staging of cervical carcinoma. Studies of the diagnostic value of computerized tomography and magnetic resonance tomography in comparison with gynecologic palpation findings and pathologic-anatomic diagnosis].

In a prospective study of 20 cases, the importance of nuclear magnetic resonance as a diagnostic tool in cervix carcinoma was investigated. The results were compared with those of the Computer tomography as well as with those of the clinical examinations. The histology served as "Standard".

[Computed tomography of lung contusion. An experimental study].

A new experimental model has been developed to determine whether computed tomography has any advantages for the investigation of lung contusions. In 27 dogs, chest wall deformation was produced at speeds varying from 17.3 m/sec to 45.

[Computed tomography, magnetic resonance tomography and echocardiography in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy].

The value of echo-cardiography, CT and magnetic resonance tomography was evaluated in 10 patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Echocardiography made the diagnosis in most cases. The diagnostic criteria depended on functional and morphological changes.

[Current status of scintigraphic diagnosis in liver diseases].

The methods and the radioisotopes used in scintiscanning of the liver have recently seen major advances. The clinical indications for scintigraphy in focal and diffuse diseases of the liver are discussed. Scintigraphy compares favorably with other imaging techniques with regard to sensitivity and specificity.

Pitfall in the CT diagnosis of pulmonary arteriovenous malformation.

A peripheral adenosquamous carcinoma of the right lung with atypical rich vascularization of the central scar was misinterpreted as an arteriovenous malformation based on a chest X-ray examination and a dynamic computed tomographic study.

Comparative study of quantitating 99mTc-EHDP uptake in sacroiliac scintigraphy.

Quantitative sacroiliac (SI) scintigraphy was performed 3 h after an i.v. injection of 16 mCi 99mTc-EHDP.

[Retrograde pancreatic phlebography with simultaneous balloon occlusion of portal and arterial flow. An experimental study (author's transl)].

The possibility of demonstrating the venous system of the entire pancreas by retrograde portal contrast injection with simultaneous balloon occlusion of the portal vein, coeliac axis and superior mesenteric artery was investigated in 12 dogs. In seven cases good filling of the larger pancreatic veins was obtained. Portal and arterial pressure relationships altered considerably during various experimental conditions.

[The results of transvenous cholangiography (contrast media)].

Transvenous cholangiography is a method for the direct demonstration of the biliary passages described by Hanafee and Weiner; its main indication is in the investigation of obstructive jaundice. This method, which does not require immediate subsequent operation, was used in 41 patients. In three patients catheterisation of hepatic veins was unsuccessful.

[Retrograde renal phlebography with balloon occlusion of the renal artery. Technique and scope of a new method (author's transl)].

A new method of retrograde phlebography of the kidney is described; it is carried out by using a balloon catheter in the renal artery for occluding the circulation. The procedure has been carried out in 13 patients without complication. Early experience has provided very good results in the diagnosis of malignant renal tumours; invasion into the venous system can be demonstrated radiologically.

[Transvenous cholangiography in the differential diagnosis of biliary stasis (author's transl)].

Transvenous cholangiography is an alternative to the direct puncture of the biliary tract. It was successfully performed in 13 of 21 patients of a personal series. The method does not require stand-by facilities for operation and is suitable for differentiating intra- from extrahepatic causes of biliary stasis, as well as for the demonstration of cause and localization of obstructive jaundice.