The Association between Vitamin D Hypovitaminosis and Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Saudi Diabetic Patients Type II.

We evaluated the prevalence and association of Vitamin D deficiency with glycemic control and CVD risk in T2DM patients. Serum 25 (OH)D, lipid profile, glucose panel, HbA1c, serum insulin, and HOMA-IR were assessed in 93 T2DM patients and 69 controls. 10 years and lifetime ASCVD risk scores were calculated.

Assessment of expression levels of leptin and leptin receptor as potential biomarkers for risk of prostate cancer development and aggressiveness.

Background: Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most frequently diagnosed cancers worldwide. Despite the growing evidence associating obesity and adipokines, particularly leptin and its receptors, with cancer development and progression, it is still a debatable matter in PCa.

Objectives: We aimed to assess the role of leptin and its receptors as potential biomarkers for the risk of PCa development and aggressiveness.

8-Hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine as a Discriminatory Biomarker for Early Detection of Breast Cancer.

Background: Breast cancer (BC) is one of the most prevalent and reported cancers among Saudi women. Detection of BC in the early invasive stage (stages I, II) has an advantage in treating patients over detection in the late invasive stage (stages III, IV). Tumor markers are used to aid in diagnosis, treatment monitoring, and recurrence detection of malignant tumors.

Exploitation of Gene Expression and Cancer Biomarkers in Paving the Path to Era of Personalized Medicine.

Cancer therapy agents have been used extensively as cytotoxic drugs against tissue or organ of a specific type of cancer. With the better understanding of molecular mechanisms underlying carcinogenesis and cellular events during cancer progression and metastasis, it is now possible to use targeted therapy for these molecular events. Targeted therapy is able to identify cancer patients with dissimilar genetic defects at cellular level for the same cancer type and consequently requires individualized approach for treatment.