The Substitution of Fifty Percent of Combustible Tobacco Smoke Exposure With Either Electronic Cigarettes or Heated tobacco Products Did Not Attenuate Acute Lung Injury in an Animal Model.

Background: To reduce the harmful health effects of combustible cigarette smoke (CS), some (CS) users attempt to substitute CS with electronic cigarettes (ECIG) and/or heated tobacco products (HTP). In this animal study, we evaluated the acute effects of substituting CS consumption with ECIG or HTP thus mimicking the dual users' approach, on the lungs of a mouse model.

Methods: C57BL/6 mice were divided into Control, ECIG, HTP, CS, ECIG + CS, HTP + CS, and HTP + ECIG groups.

Role of diabetes in lung injury from acute exposure to electronic cigarette, heated tobacco product, and combustible cigarette aerosols in an animal model.

Background: Patients with diabetes are more vulnerable to the detrimental respiratory effects of combustible cigarette smoke (CS) when compared to the general population. Electronic cigarettes (ECIG) and heated tobacco products (HTP) are marketed as less harmful alternatives to CS. In this study, we compared the effects of acute ECIG, HTP and CS exposure on the lungs of type II diabetes versus non-diabetic mice in an animal model.

Antioxidant activity of pomegranate juice reduces emphysematous changes and injury secondary to cigarette smoke in an animal model and human alveolar cells.

Background: Cigarette smoke (CS) increases oxidative stress (OS) in the lungs. Pomegranate juice (PJ) possesses potent antioxidant activities, attributed to its polyphenols. This study investigates the effects of PJ on the damaging effects of CS in an animal model and on cultured human alveolar cells (A549).

The SF-36 and 6-Minute Walk Test are Significant Predictors of Complications After Major Surgery.

Background: Major surgeries are associated with postoperative morbidity and mortality. Current preoperative evaluation fails to identify patients at increased risk of postoperative complications. This study is aimed to determine whether the Short Form-36 health survey (SF-36) and the 6-minute walk test (6-MWT) are useful predictors of postoperative complications after major surgery.

Antioxidant activity of pomegranate juice reduces acute lung injury secondary to hyperoxia in an animal model.

Background: Hyperoxia triggers the release of toxic reactive oxygen species (ROS). Pomegranate Juice (PJ) is a rich source of potent antioxidants. We assessed the effects of PJ supplementation on Acute Lung Injury (ALI) in adult rats exposed to hyperoxia for 5 days.

Apoptosis and the activity of ceramide, Bax and Bcl-2 in the lungs of neonatal rats exposed to limited and prolonged hyperoxia.

Background: The aim of the study is to examine the effect of limited and prolonged hyperoxia on neonatal rat lung. This is done by examining the morphologic changes of apoptosis, the expression of ceramide, an important mediator of apoptosis, the expression of inflammatory mediators represented by IL-1beta and the expression of 2 proto-oncogenes that appear to modulate apoptosis (Bax and Bcl-2).

Methods: Newborn rats were placed in chambers containing room air or oxygen above 90% for 7 days.

Regulation of the sphingolipid signaling pathways in the growing and hypoxic rat heart.

Sphingolipids (SLs) have a biomodulatory role in physiological as well as pathological cardiovascular conditions. This study aims to assess the variation of SL mediators and metabolizing enzymes in the growing and hypoxic rat heart. Sprague-Dawley rats were placed in a hypoxic environment at birth.

Tissue-specific ceramide response in the chronically hypoxic rat model mimicking cyanotic heart disease.

Background And Objective: Acute hypoxia is associated with apoptosis and increase in ceramide levels in various organs. To assess the effect of chronic hypoxia on ceramide accumulation in the lungs and kidneys, we utilized an animal model mimicking cyanotic heart disease.

Methods: Rats were placed in a hypoxic environment at birth and oxygen levels were maintained at 10% in an air-tight Plexiglas chamber.

Cardiac growth patterns in response to chronic hypoxia in a neonatal rat model mimicking cyanotic heart disease.

Objective: Myocardial growth during fetal life is accomplished by the proliferation of myocytes. Shortly after birth, normal myocytes largely lose their capability to replicate. The present study aims to assess the effect of persistent postnatal hypoxia on myocardial growth patterns in an animal model mimicking cyanotic heart disease.

Lack of apoptosis in the hypoxic brain of a rat model mimicking cyanotic heart disease.

Objective: To assess the effect of chronic hypoxia on brain neuronal apoptosis, an animal model mimicking cyanotic heart disease was utilized.

Methods: Rats were placed in an hypoxic environment at birth and oxygen levels were maintained at 10% in an air-tight Plexiglass chamber. Controls remained in room air.

Modulation of ceramide content and lack of apoptosis in the chronically hypoxic neonatal rat heart.

To assess the effect of chronic hypoxia on cardiomyocyte apoptosis, we used an animal model that mimics cyanotic heart disease. Rats were placed in a hypoxic environment at birth, and oxygen levels were maintained at 10% in an air-tight Plexiglas chamber. Controls remained in room air.