A randomized placebo-controlled trial of convalescent plasma for adults hospitalized with COVID-19 pneumonia.

Passive immunotherapy with convalescent plasma may be the only available agent during the early phases of a pandemic. Here, we report safety and efficacy of high-titer convalescent plasma for COVID-19 pneumonia. Double-blinded randomized multicenter placebo-controlled trial of adult patients hospitalized with COVID-19 pneumonia.

Comparable Effectiveness of Cefuroxime and Piperacillin-Tazobactam as Empirical Therapy for Methicillin-Susceptible Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia.

Our objective was to examine whether empirical antimicrobial therapy (EAT) against methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia (MS-SAB) with piperacillin-tazobactam (TZP), cefuroxime or combination therapy with one of these was differentially associated with 7-, 30-, and 90- day all-cause mortality or MS-SAB relapse. A multicenter retrospective cohort study of adults with MS-SAB from 2009 through 2018 was used, and 7-, 30-, 90-day mortality and relapse within 90 days were assessed and expressed as hazard ratio (HR) with a 95% confidence interval (95% CI) using Cox proportional hazard regression analysis. Matching of the two monotherapy groups was performed using propensity score matching.

The Copenhagen Achilles Length Measurement Performed at Time of Acute Achilles Tendon Rupture is Correlated to Tendon Elongation After 1 Year.

Elongation of the tendon has been proposed as the most important factor leading to poor outcome after acute Achilles tendon rupture (ATR). The aim of this paper was to investigate if Amlang's ultrasound classification (AmC) or the Copenhagen Achilles Length Measurement (CALM) when assessed in the acute phase after ATR could predict elongation 1 y after rupture. 107 males and 27 females, aged 18 to 70 y and treated nonsurgically were included.

Prediction of Respiratory Failure and Mortality in COVID-19 Patients Using Long Pentraxin PTX3.

The course of COVID-19 is unpredictable, ranging from asymptomatic to respiratory failure and death. Prognostic biomarkers are urgently needed. We hypothesized that long pentraxin PTX3 could be a valuable plasma biomarker due to its essential role in inflammatory processes.

Nonspecific symptoms dominate at first contact to emergency healthcare services among cases with invasive meningococcal disease.

Background: An early appropriate response is the cornerstone of treatment for invasive meningococcal disease. Little evidence exists on how cases with invasive meningococcal disease present at first contact to emergency medical services.

Methods: Retrospective observational study of cases presenting with invasive meningococcal disease from January 1st of 2016 to December 31st of 2020 in the Capital Region of Denmark with a catchment area population of 1,800,000.

Comorbidity Increases the Risk of Invasive Meningococcal Disease in Adults.

Background: Risk of invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) is increased in patients with complement deficiency and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Risk associated with comorbidity is not well described.

Methods: This was a nationwide adult case-control study.

Recent increased incidence of invasive serogroup W meningococcal disease: A retrospective observational study.

Objectives: Neisseria meningitidis serogroup W incidence has increased. Mortality associated with serogroup W has been higher than for other serogroups. Here we report epidemiological characteristics and risks of poor outcomes associated with invasive meningococcal disease in Denmark since 1980.

Proton Pump Inhibitor Use Is Not Strongly Associated With SARS-CoV-2 Related Outcomes: A Nationwide Study and Meta-analysis.

Background & Aims: Proton pump inhibitor (PPI) use has been associated with increased risk of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and severe outcomes. However, meta-analyses show unclear results, leading to uncertainty regarding the safety of PPI use during the ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.

Methods: We conducted a nationwide observational study including all SARS-CoV-2 cases (n = 83,224) in Denmark as of December 1, 2020.

Comparable Outcomes of Short-Course and Prolonged-Course Therapy in Selected Cases of Methicillin-Susceptible Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia: A Pooled Cohort Study.

Background: The recommended duration of antimicrobial treatment for Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia (SAB) is a minimum of 14 days. We compared the clinical outcomes of patients receiving short-course (SC; 6-10 days), or prolonged-course (PC; 11-16 days) antibiotic therapy for low-risk methicillin-susceptible SAB (MS-SAB).

Methods: Adults with MS-SAB in 1995-2018 were included from 3 independent retrospective cohorts.

Comparable COVID-19 outcomes with current use of GLP-1 receptor agonists, DPP-4 inhibitors or SGLT-2 inhibitors among patients with diabetes who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2.

Incretin-based therapies, glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP-4i), have been hypothesized to exert beneficial effects on COVID-19 outcomes due to anti-inflammatory properties. In this population-based cohort study, we retrieved data from nationwide registries on all individuals diagnosed with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection up to 1 November 2020. For individuals with diabetes, we examined the impact of use of GLP-1 RAs (n = 370) and DPP-4i (n = 284) compared with sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT-2i) (n = 342) on risk of hospital admission and severe outcomes.

No clinically relevant difference between operative and non-operative treatment in tendon elongation measured with the Achilles tendon resting angle (ATRA) 1 year after acute Achilles tendon rupture.

Purpose: Studies have shown that elongation of the injured Achilles tendon after acute Achilles tendon rupture (ATR) is negatively associated with clinical outcomes. The difference between operative and non-operative treatment on the length of the Achilles tendon is only sparsely investigated. The aim of the study was to investigate if the operative and non-operative treatment of ATR had different effects on tendon elongation.

Diabetes and treatment with orally administrated corticosteroids negatively affect treatment outcome at follow-up after acute Achilles tendon rupture.

Purpose: Studies investigating the influence of comorbidities on patient-reported outcomes after acute Achilles tendon ruptures (ATR) are lacking. In this study, the aim was to investigate the effect of comorbidity and medical treatment on the patient-reported outcome measure Achilles tendon total rupture score (ATRS).

Methods: The study was performed as a registry study from the Danish Achilles tendon Database (DADB).

Estimation of the diagnostic accuracy of real-time reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction for SARS-CoV-2 using re-analysis of published data.

Introduction: As the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic evolves and test strategies change, understanding the concepts of testing (gold standard and test performance measures) becomes essential. The challenge of any novel disease is that the gold standard has yet to be defined.

Methods: We reanalysed published data on real-time reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 to illustrate how predictive values vary with disease prevalence, sensitivity (set to values between 30% and 95%) and specificity (set to 99% or 99.

Outcome after acute Achilles tendon rupture is not negatively affected by female sex and age over 65 years.

Purpose: Studies suggest that women have worse treatment outcome than men after acute Achilles tendon rupture (ATR). The aim of this study was to investigate if sex and age affect treatment outcome after ATR.

Methods: The study was performed as a registry study in the Danish Achilles tendon Database.

Risk of reoperation within 12 months following osteosynthesis of a displaced femoral neck fracture is linked mainly to initial fracture displacement while risk of death may be linked to bone quality: a cohort study from Danish Fracture Database.

Background and purpose - Most guidelines use patient age as a primary decision factor when choosing between osteosynthesis or arthroplasty in displaced femoral neck fractures. We evaluate reoperation and death risk within 1 year after osteosynthesis, and estimate the influence of age, sex, degree of displacement, and bone quality.Patients and methods - All surgeries for femoral neck fractures with parallel implants (2 or 3 screws or pins) performed between December 2011 and November 2015 were collected from the Danish Fracture Database.

Children Exposed or Unexposed to Human Immunodeficiency Virus: Weight, Height, and Body Mass Index During the First 5 Years of Life-A Danish Nationwide Cohort.

Background: Exposures to human immunodeficiency (HIV) and antiretroviral therapy in utero may have adverse effects on infant growth. Among children born in Denmark and aged 0-5 years, we aimed to compare anthropometric outcomes in HIV-exposed but uninfected (HEU) children with those in children not exposed to HIV.

Methods: In a nationwide register-based study we included all singleton HEU children born in Denmark in 2000-2016.

Completeness and data validity in the Danish Achilles tendon Database.

Introduction: Acute Achilles tendon rupture is a severe injury causing functional deficits and sick leave. Data from the Danish Achilles tendon Database (DADB) can help us monitor and optimise treatment. The aim of this study was to investigate the completeness and data validity in the DADB.

Acceptable Success Rate in Patients With Periprosthetic Knee Joint Infection Treated With Debridement, Antibiotics, and Implant Retention.

Background: Acute periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) following primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA) surgery can be treated with debridement, antibiotics, and implant retention (DAIR). However, varying results have been reported in the literature and optimal timing of the procedure is still debated. In this retrospective cohort study, we investigate (a) success rate of DAIR for treating PJI following primary TKA surgery and (b) whether time after primary surgery until DAIR and (c) type of isolated microorganism influence outcome.

The development of multimorbidity during 16 years after diagnosis of type 2 diabetes.

Objective: The aims of this study were to (1) quantify the development and composition of multimorbidity (MM) during 16 years following the diagnosis of type 2 diabetes and (2) evaluate whether the effectiveness of structured personal diabetes care differed between patients with and without MM.

Research Design And Methods: One thousand three hundred eighty-one patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes were randomized to receive either structured personal diabetes care or routine diabetes care. Patients were followed up for 19 years in Danish nationwide registries for the occurrence of outcomes.

Osteosynthesis with Parallel Implants in the Treatment of Femoral Neck Fractures: Minimal Effect of Implant Position on Risk of Reoperation.

Background: The purpose of this study was to estimate the incidence of reoperation and the effect of implant position on the risk of reoperation within 12 months following osteosynthesis with use of parallel implants for femoral neck fractures.

Methods: From cases registered in the Danish Fracture Database, 1,206 consecutive surgeries for a primary femoral neck fracture treated with use of parallel implants during the period of December 2011 to November 2015, and having available radiographs and follow-up data, were reviewed. Data included age, sex, time to surgery, fracture classification, and American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score.

Use of diagnostic tests and the appropriateness of the treatment decision in patients with suspected urinary tract infection in primary care in Denmark - observational study.

Background: Inappropriate prescription of antibiotics is the leading driver of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). The majority of antibiotics are prescribed in primary care. Understanding how general practitioners (GPs) use diagnostic tests and the effect on treatment decision under daily practice conditions is important to reduce inappropriate prescription of antibiotics.

How well do general practitioners know their elderly patients' social relations and feelings of loneliness?

Background: Social relationships are important to people and affect their quality of life, morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study was to examine the correlation between elderly patients' descriptions of their social relations and feelings of loneliness, and their general practitioners' assessments of these.

Methods: Cross-sectional study in 12 general practices in the Capital Region of Denmark.

Predictors of undiagnosed prevalent type 2 diabetes - The Danish General Suburban Population Study.

Aims: To investigate how self-reported risk factors (including socioeconomic status) predict undiagnosed, prevalent type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). To externally validate Leicester Risk Assessment Score (LRAS), Finnish Diabetes Risk Score (FINDRISC) and Danish Diabetes Risk Score (DDRS), and to investigate how these predict a European Heart SCORE≥5% in a Danish population study.

Methods: We included 21,205 adults from the Danish General Suburban Population Study.

Identifying practice-related factors for high-volume prescribers of antibiotics in Danish general practice.

Objectives: In Denmark, general practice is responsible for 75% of antibiotic prescribing in the primary care sector. We aimed to identify practice-related factors associated with high prescribers, including prescribers of critically important antibiotics as defined by WHO, after accounting for case mix by practice.

Methods: We performed a nationwide register-based survey of antibiotic prescribing in Danish general practice from 2012 to 2013.