Exploring modes of microbial interactions with implications for methane cycling.

Methanotrophs are the sole biological sink of methane. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) produced by heterotrophic bacteria have been demonstrated to be a potential modulating factor of methane consumption. Here, we identify and disentangle the impact of the volatolome of heterotrophic bacteria on the methanotroph activity and proteome, using Methylomonas as model organism.

Tracking the evolution of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies and long-term humoral immunity within 2 years after COVID-19 infection.

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) that gave rise to COVID-19 infection produced a worldwide health crisis. The virus can cause a serious or even fatal disease. Comprehending the complex immunological responses triggered by SARS-CoV-2 infection is essential for identifying pivotal elements that shape the course of the disease and its enduring effects on immunity.

Pan-cancer analysis of the interplay between mutational signatures and cellular signaling.

Cancer is a multi-faceted disease with intricate relationships between mutagenic processes, alterations in cellular signaling, and the tissue microenvironment. To date, these processes have been largely studied in isolation. A systematic understanding of how they interact and influence each other is lacking.

Antiviral screening of natural, anti-inflammatory compound library against African swine fever virus.

Background: African swine fever virus (ASFV) is a major threat to pig production and the lack of effective vaccines underscores the need to develop robust antiviral countermeasures. Pathologically, a significant elevation in pro-inflammatory cytokine production is associated with ASFV infection in pigs and there is high interest in identifying dual-acting natural compounds that exhibit antiviral and anti-inflammatory activities.

Methods: Using the laboratory-adapted ASFV BA71V strain, we screened a library of 297 natural, anti-inflammatory compounds to identify promising candidates that protected Vero cells against virus-induced cytopathic effect (CPE).

A rare case of phenobarbital-induced leukocytoclastic vasculitis.

Drug hypersensitivity reactions (DHRs) manifested as vasculitis are rare. Antibiotics, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), sulphonamides, diuretics, immunosupressants and anticonvulsants are the most common culprits for drug-induced leukocytoclastic vasculitis (LCV) but there is scarce information about barbiturates. We present a case of 53-year-old female with severe vasculitis after phenobarbital- and NSAIDs-containing medications use.

Production of Sn and Sn by photonuclear reactions on natural antimony.

Natural antimony targets were irradiated in a 60 MeV bremsstrahlung beam and gamma spectrometric measurements were performed. The goal was to establish the yield of Sn, a radionuclide with great potential for application in medicine. Considering that Sn is predominantly produced through a photonuclear reaction in which an charged particle is emitted (Sb(γ,p3n)), the yield of this tin isotope is much lower than the yields of several antimony isotopes produced in (γ,xn) reactions.

Tillandsia landbeckii phyllosphere and laimosphere as refugia for bacterial life in a hyperarid desert environment.

Background: The lack of water is a major constraint for microbial life in hyperarid deserts. Consequently, the abundance and diversity of microorganisms in common habitats such as soil are strongly reduced, and colonization occurs primarily by specifically adapted microorganisms that thrive in particular refugia to escape the harsh conditions that prevail in these deserts. We suggest that plants provide another refugium for microbial life in hyperarid deserts.

Mutational landscape of intestinal crypt cells after long-term in vivo exposure to high fat diet.

Obesity is a modifiable risk factor in cancer development, especially for gastrointestinal cancer. While the etiology of colorectal cancer is well characterized by the adenoma-carcinoma sequence, it remains unclear how obesity influences colorectal cancer development. Dietary components of a high fat diet along with obesity have been shown to modulate the cancer risk by perturbing the homeostasis of intestinal stem cells, yet how adiposity impacts the development of genomic instability has not been studied.

sp. Strain SC2 Acclimatizes to Increasing NH Levels by a Precise Rebalancing of Enzymes and Osmolyte Composition.

A high NH load is known to inhibit bacterial methane oxidation. This is due to a competition between CH and NH for the active site of particulate methane monooxygenase (pMMO), which converts CH to CHOH. Here, we combined global proteomics with amino acid profiling and nitrogen oxides measurements to elucidate the cellular acclimatization response of sp.

Kinetics of anti-nucleocapsid IgG response in COVID-19 immunocompetent convalescent patients.

The comprehension of a long-term humoral immune response against SARS-CoV-2 can shed light on the treatment and vaccination strategies of COVID-19 disease, improving the knowledge about this virus infection and/or re-infection. We assessed the IgG antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid (N) protein (anti-SARS-CoV-2 (N) IgG) in 1441 COVID-19 convalescent patients within 15 months longitudinal study from middle-developed country. The main inclusion criteria was positive RT- PCR result on nasopharyngeal swab samples at least one month before antibody testing and absence of any induced or inherited immunodeficiency.

A descriptive study of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) among female patients with sexual dysfunctions in Armenia.

Background: Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are associated with increased risk for a wide range of negative health outcomes, including sexual dysfunctions. There is a growing interest to advance the science of ACEs to improve the lives of children and families worldwide.

Participants And Procedure: The purpose of the present study was to explore the extent to which ACEs occur in patients with sexual dysfunctions in Armenia.

The awareness, practical approaches and attitude of health care professionals to drug hypersensitivity reactions in Armenia.

Background: Drug hypersensitivity reactions (DHRs) is commonly encountered in clinical practice. This condition requires sufficient knowledge of health care professionals (HCPs) carrying for these patients.

Objective: To assess the awareness, practices and attitudes to DHRs among HCPs in Armenia and to identify main problems and take appropriate measures.

Flavonoid Library Screening Reveals Kaempferol as a Potential Antiviral Agent Against African Swine Fever Virus.

Naturally occurring plant flavonoids are a promising class of antiviral agents to inhibit African swine fever virus (ASFV), which causes highly fatal disease in pigs and is a major threat to the swine industry. Currently known flavonoids with anti-ASFV activity demonstrate a wide range of antiviral mechanisms, which motivates exploration of new antiviral candidates within this class. The objective of this study was to determine whether other flavonoids may significantly inhibit ASFV infection .

A compositional link between rocky exoplanets and their host stars.

Stars and planets both form by accreting material from a surrounding disk. Because they grow from the same material, theory predicts that there should be a relationship between their compositions. In this study, we search for a compositional link between rocky exoplanets and their host stars.

Dental Hygienists' Interprofessional Education and Collaboration Experiences: A survey of current behaviors and attitudes.

Interprofessional collaboration in health care is needed for comprehensive patient care and improved health outcomes. The purpose of this study was to assess dental hygienists' attitudes and behaviors on past interprofessional education experiences to determine how those experiences influence the ways they collaborate with other health care professionals. Licensed dental hygienists in the United States were recruited to participate in this mixed methods study via social media sites and through the constituents of the American Dental Hygienists' Association.

A new microtubule-stabilizing agent shows potent antiviral effects against African swine fever virus with no cytotoxicity.

African swine fever virus (ASFV) is the causal agent of a fatal disease of domestic swine for which no effective antiviral drugs are available. Recently, it has been shown that microtubule-targeting agents hamper the infection cycle of different viruses. In this study, we conducted in silico screening against the colchicine binding site (CBS) of tubulin and found three new compounds with anti-ASFV activity.

Inhibition of African swine fever virus in liquid and feed by medium-chain fatty acids and glycerol monolaurate.

Background: The ongoing African swine fever virus (ASFv) epidemic has had a major impact on pig production globally and biosecurity efforts to curb ASFv infectivity and transmission are a high priority. It has been recently identified that feed and feed ingredients, along with drinking water, can serve as transmission vehicles and might facilitate transboundary spread of ASFv. Thus, it is important to test the antiviral activity of regulatory compatible, antiviral feed additives that might inhibit ASFv infectivity in feed.

Using the critical path method to rollout and optimise new PMTCT guidelines to eliminate mother-to-child transmission of HIV in Zimbabwe: a descriptive analysis.

Background: Achievement of the elimination target for mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HIV in selected countries has increased hope to end the HIV epidemic in children across the world. However, MTCT rates remain well above the 5% elimination target in most sub-Saharan Africa countries. These countries require innovative strategies to scale-up their interventions to end paediatric HIV.

Unexpected metabolic versatility among type II methanotrophs in the Alphaproteobacteria.

Aerobic methane-oxidizing bacteria, or methanotrophs, play a crucial role in the global methane cycle. Their methane oxidation activity in various environmental settings has a great mitigation effect on global climate change. Alphaproteobacterial methanotrophs were among the first to be taxonomically characterized, nowadays unified in the Methylocystaceae and Beijerinckiaceae families.

Hydrogen utilization by Methylocystis sp. strain SC2 expands the known metabolic versatility of type IIa methanotrophs.

Methane, a non-expensive natural substrate, is used by Methylocystis spp. as a sole source of carbon and energy. Here, we assessed whether Methylocystis sp.

Thriving in Wetlands: Ecophysiology of the Spiral-Shaped Methanotroph as Revealed by the Complete Genome Sequence.

Methylospira mobilis is a recently described spiral-shaped, micro-aerobic methanotroph, which inhabits northern freshwater wetlands and sediments. Due to difficulties of cultivation, it could not be obtained in a pure culture for a long time. Here, we report on the successful isolation of strain Shm1, the first axenic culture of this unique methanotroph.

gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel freshwater planctomycete with a giant genome from the family .

The family accommodates aerobic, chemoorganotrophic planctomycetes, which inhabit various freshwater ecosystems, wetlands and soils. Here, we describe a novel member of this family, strain PX52, which was isolated from a boreal eutrophic lake in Northern Russia. This isolate formed pink-pigmented colonies and was represented by spherical cells that occurred singly, in pairs or aggregates and multiplied by budding.