The expression of intermediate filaments in the abomasum of ruminants: A comparative study.

Intermediate filaments (IFs) are key molecular factors of the cell and have been reported to play an important role in maintaining the structural integrity and functionality of the abomasum. This study was designed to determine the regional distribution, cellular localization and expression of several IFs, including CK8, CK18, CK19, vimentin, desmin, peripherin and nestin, as well as the connective tissue component laminin, in the bovine, ovine and caprine abomasa. Immunohistochemical analyses demonstrated varying levels of expression of CK8, CK18, CK19, vimentin, desmin, nestin, peripherin and laminin in the bovine, ovine and caprine abomasa.

Angiogenic and anti-angiogenic factors during the post-hatching growth of the quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) spleen.

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) family members are responsible for endothelial cells' growth, proliferation, migration, angiogenesis, vascular permeability, and differentiation and proliferation of non-endothelial cell types. VEGF and its receptors are found in mammalian lymphoid organs. The present study was conceived to determine (a) the presence and localization of angiogenic VEGF and its receptors (Fms-like tyrosine kinase 1 [Flt1/fms], fetal liver kinase 1 [Flk1]/kinase insert domain receptor [KDR], Fms-like tyrosine kinase 4 [Flt4]) and vascular endothelial growth inhibitor (VEGI) in the quail spleen; and (b) whether their expressions in the spleen components change during the post-hatching growth of the organ, using immunohistochemistry.

Differential distribution of intermediate filament proteins in the bovine and ovine tongues.

Intermediate filaments constitute the most heterogeneous class among the major classes of cytoskeletal proteins of mammalian cells. The 40 or more intermediate filament proteins have been classified into five types which show very specific rules of expression in specialized cell types. This study aimed to investigate the immunohistochemical distribution of cytokeratins (CKs) 8, 18, and 19 as well as the intermediate filaments vimentin, laminin, and desmin in bovine and ovine tongues.

The immunolocalization of cadherins and beta-catenin in the cervix and vagina of cycling cows.

The adherens junctions (AJs) maintain the epithelial cell layers' structural integrity and barrier function. AJs also play a vital role in various biological and pathological processes. AJs perform these functions through the cadherin-catenin adhesion complex.

Distribution of cytoskeletal proteins in the cat testis during the pre-pubertal and post-pubertal periods.

Cytoskeletal proteins not only define the shape of cells, but also have critical roles in their proliferation, migration and motility, as well as in the establishment and maintenance of tissue organization and integrity. Furthermore, these proteins influence the physiological processes of the male reproductive system and are found in the structure of some cells. This study aimed to determine differences between the pre- and post-pubertal periods for the localization and distribution of actin, desmin, vimentin and cytokeratin-18 in the testes, epididymides and ductus deferentes of Persian and Turkish Angora and Van cats, using immunohistochemistry.

Expression of cadherins and some connective tissue components in cow uterus and placenta during pregnancy.

The implantation and placental development processes are regulated with cell adhesion molecules and remodeling of the maternal endometrium's extracellular matrices (ECM) and fetal chorion. This study aimed to investigate the distribution and localization of some classical cadherins (E-, N-, and P-cadherins) and extracellular matrix components collagen type 5α1, fibronectin, and laminin in the cow placentomes during pregnancy using immunohistochemical and Western blotting analyses. The study results confirmed the expression of E- and P-cadherins, collagen type Vα1 (COLVα1), fibronectin, and laminin in the cow placentomes, but not N-cadherin.

Immunolocalization of some HOX proteins in immature and mature feline testes.

Homeobox (HOX) proteins are known for their critical role in body shape formation and tissue differentiation of developing vertebrate embryos. Recent research has shown that HOX proteins have many physiological roles such as cell proliferation, cell cycle, apoptosis and cell differentiation in adults, as well as the development of the vertebrate nerve and reproductive system. This study was conducted to determine the possible physiological functions and expression intensities of HOXA10, HOXA11, HOXB6 and HOXC6 proteins in the male reproductive system (testes, epididymis and deferens ducts), which are important for the continuity of some specific cat breeds in different age ranges.

The expressions of some metabolic hormones (leptin, ghrelin and obestatin) in the tissues of sheep tongue.

In this study, we aimed to observe the localization and expression of peptide hormones-leptin, ghrelin and obestatin-in the sheep tongue by immunohistochemistry. For that purpose, tongues of ten adult sheep were used. Leptin expression of moderate intensity was observed in the basal and parabasal epithelial cells of the luminal epithelium, and leptin was strongly expressed in the taste buds of the circumvallate and fungiform papillae and in von Ebner's glands.

Papillary Architecture and Functional Characterization of Mucosubstances in the Sheep Tongue.

This research aimed to reveal the general morphology and topographic distribution of lingual papillae, epithelial characteristics, mucosal structure, and glands with their mucin content in the sheep tongue, with consideration of species-specific characteristics. The tongues of ten sheep were analyzed for this purpose. Filiform and fungiform papillae existed within the borders of the ventral surface of the lingual apex.

Tissue distribution of some immune cells in bovine reproductive tract during follicular and luteal phase.

More recent studies indicate that immune cells which secrete their secretory products or cytokines play an important role in reproductive system. In our study, immune cell populations (CD8 T lymphocytes, CD68 macrophages, plasma cells, siderophages, eosinophils) and expression of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I and class II were examined in female reproductive tract during follicular (n = 13) and luteal phase (n = 10). Plasma cells and eosinophil granulocytes are present in few numbers in luminal epithelium, but abundant in longitudinal muscle layer of uterus, whereas siderophages are the dominant cell type in stroma.

Mucin profiles of the abomasum in bulls and rams: A comparative study.

Many pathogens require direct binding to mucosal cells to cause an infection. The mucosal epithelium of the digestive tract, which is covered by a mucin layer, fulfills several protective functions that are essential to maintaining the health of the digestive tract. Mucins are glycoproteins, which are found on membranes and in mucus gels and protect the underlying mucosal cells.

Functional characteristics of the growth factor receptor family and some ligands in the oropharyngeal cavity of the Chukar partridge (Alectoris chukar).

1. The aim of the present study is to describe, immunohistochemically, the expression and cell type localisation of growth factor receptors and some of their ligands in the oropharyngeal organs of the Chukar partridge. 2.

Immunohistochemical localization of epidermal growth factor system in the lung of the Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) during the post-hatching period.

The purpose of this study is to determine the possible changes in the localization of the four Epidermal Growth Factor Receptors and three ligands in quail lungs from the first day of hatching until the 125th after hatching using immunohistochemical methods. Immunohistochemical results demonstrated that four EGFRs and their ligands are chiefly located in the cytoplasm of cells. Additionally, ErbB4, AREG, and NRG1 are localized to the nucleus and nucleolus, but EGF is present in the nucleolus.

The profile of the epidermal growth factor system in rat endometrium during postpartum involution period.

The epidermal growth factor (EGF) plays a crucial role in the control of uterine cell proliferation, growth and differentiation. This study was designed to investigate the spatiotemporal expression pattern and localization of the EGF receptor/ligand system during the process of uterine involution using immunohistochemistry. Our results indicated that the expression of the ErbB/HER receptors and their ligands varied with structural changes in the uterus at different days of involution.

Functional anatomy of the syrinx of the chukar partridge (Galliformes: Alectoris chukar) as a model for phonation research.

The phonation process of vertebrates is influenced by the material characteristics of the participating structures, ranging from molecular to macroscopic dimensions. Good animal models for phonation research are still lacking. Due to easy availability and relatively simple structure, the syrinx of birds might serve as a good animal model for this purpose.

The expression of epidermal growth factor receptors and their ligands (epidermal growth factor, neuregulin, amphiregulin) in the bitch uterus during the estrus cycle.

In order to study the possible role of EGFR receptors in the bitch reproductive process, we have analyzed the expression pattern and localization of EGFR receptors and some of their ligands epidermal growth factor (EGF), neuregulin (NRG), amphiregulin (AREG), in the uterus during the estrus cycle using immunohistochemistry. The immunostaining for receptors and ligands of EGFR/ligand system was confined to membrane and cytoplasm of the target cells. Variations were observed, not only at the different stages of the estrous cycle, but also in the different tissue compartments of the uterus.

Immunolocalization of vascular endothelial growth factor, its receptors (flt1/fms, flk1/KDR, flt4) and vascular endothelial growth inhibitor in the bitch uterus during the sexual cycle.

Angiogenesis is regulated by proangiogenic and antiangiogenic factors. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a prime proangiogenic regulator, whereas vascular endothelial growth inhibitor (VEGI) is a specific antiangiogenic cytokine. To clarify temporal changes in the localization of pro-angiogenic and anti-angiogenic factors in the uterus of normal bitches during the proestrus, estrus, diestrus and anestrus phases of the estrous cycle, the expressions of VEGF and its receptors (flt1/fms, flk1/KDR and flt4) and their correlation with VEGI were analyzed using immunohistochemistry.

The role of estrogen receptors, erbB receptors, vascular endothelial growth factor and its receptors, and vascular endothelial growth inhibitor in the development of the rat mammary gland.

We identified the localization and distribution of cell-specific epidermal growth factor receptors (EGFRs: erbB-1, erbB-2, erbB-3, erbB-4), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), VEGF receptors [VEGFRs: VEGF-R1 (flt-1), VEGF-R2 (flk-1/KDR), VEGF-R3 (flt-4)], vascular endothelial growth inhibitor (VEGI), and estrogen receptor (ER), and determined whether or not these growth factors in rat mammary glands are functional. Thirty-five adult female Spraque-Dawley rats were randomly divided into five groups, each of which were at the 7th, 14th, and 21st day of pregnancy; 7th day post-delivery; and 7th day after weaning. It was determined that erbB, VEGF and its receptors, VEGI, and ER stained at different intensities.