The Comparative Dermal Stimulation Potential of Constant-Volume and Constant-Amount Diluted Calcium Hydroxylapatite Injections Versus the Concentrated Form.

Introduction: Biostimulation properties of diluted and hyperdiluted calcium hydroxylapatite (CaHA) injections have become increasingly popular. However, the existing data are insufficient to certify a particular dose-response pattern.

Objective: To assess and compare the dermal stimulation potentials of different concentrations of CaHA injections.

Comparison of fractional erbium:YAG laser-assisted tranexamic acid delivery alone and in combination with oral tranexamic acid in melasma.

Tranexamic acid (TA) emerged as a promising agent for melasma. However, due to its hydrophilic structure, topical TA should be combined with a penetration-enhancing strategy to augment efficacy. To evaluate the efficacy of fractional erbium:YAG laser-assisted delivery (LAD) of topical TA 5% either with or without oral TA treatment in recalcitrant melasma patients.

Bioactivity of abobotulinum toxin is preserved till 2 weeks upon storage at room temperature: Half body comparative study on rabbit model.

Background: Breakages of the cold chain of botulinum neurotoxin A (BONT-A) preparations is not a rare event and occurs due to several unexpected and unintentional reasons during daily practice and intervention schedules could not be proposed due to the lack of data.

Objective: To investigate the heat stability of abobotulinum toxin A (AboBONT-A) in terms of efficacy and duration of action upon storage at room temperature (25°C) for 2, 4, and 8 weeks.

Methods And Materials: Twenty rabbits were divided into four groups and received an injection of ideally stored AboBONT-A (Group 1) and stored AboBONT-A for 2 (Group 2), 4 (Group 3), and 8 weeks (Group 4) at room temperature into the anterior auricular muscle.

Medical and socioeconomic challenges of private dermatocosmetology clinics during COVID-19 pandemic: A survey from Turkey.

Background: Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) disease has rapidly spread worldwide with a multitude effects on daily life. Since the transmission risk increases with close contact, some cosmetic procedures are considered high risk and majority of them had to be postponed or canceled in private dermatocosmetology clinics especially during the heavy period of the outbreak.

Aims: We aimed to document the medical and socioeconomic problems emerged in dermatocosmetology clinics in Turkey caused by COVID-19 pandemic and to discuss the management strategies taken by dermatologists.

The perspective of dermatology residents on cosmetology training: A survey.

Background: Cosmetology training is an under-fulfilled component of dermatology residency training.

Aims: To determine the availability of cosmetic training for dermatology residents in Turkey, their satisfaction by their cosmetic training and their self-confidence in cosmetic procedures.

Patients/methods: An online survey of 33 questions was performed between February and March 2019.

Management of nail psoriasis with a single injection of abobotulinum toxin.

Nail psoriasis is challenging; as topical agents generally fail and systemic therapies are doubted especially when the involvement of the skin is rather localized. The response of chronic plaque-type psoriasis to botulinum toxin injections is reported in case series that is essentially explained through the modulation of neurogenic inflammation. Herein, we report the successful treatment results of two cases demonstrating different features of nail psoriasis treated by abobotulinum toxin.

Two multinational, observational surveys investigating perceptions of beauty and attitudes and experiences relating to aesthetic medical procedures.

Background: Data on opinions and experiences of aesthetic medical procedures outside the United States and Western Europe are scarce.

Aims: This study aimed to survey users and non-users of aesthetic procedures in countries where this information is less readily available, to understand attitudes and perceptions relating to beauty.

Patients/methods: Two independent internet-based observational surveys were conducted.

Bier spots in two children.

Bier spots are a distinct pattern of vascular mottling. Most reported cases are in young adults, with the youngest case in the literature at age 15 years. We report two children, ages 11 and 12 years, with Bier spots.

Topical nadifloxacin 1% cream vs. topical erythromycin 4% gel in the treatment of mild to moderate acne.

Topical antibiotics are the mainstay of therapy in mild to moderate inflammatory acne. Topical erythromycin is one of the most common prescribed topical antibiotics. Nadifloxacin, another topical antibiotic for acne, was recently introduced into the market in our country.

Effectiveness of low-voltage radiofrequency in the treatment of xanthelasma palpebrarum: a pilot study of 15 cases.

Background: Xanthelasma palpebrarum (XP) is the most common form of xanthoma, which is mostly located on the eyelids. Various treatment options are available, with certain limitations, and none of them is satisfactory.

Objectives: To offer another treatment option (low-voltage radiofrequency (RF)) and to evaluate its efficacy in XP.

Comparison of the efficacy and tolerability of 3% diclofenac sodium gel and 5% imiquimod cream in the treatment of actinic keratosis.

Background: Topical diclofenac and imiquimod have been reported to be effective in the treatment of actinic keratosis, but a study to compare these two drugs has not been reported yet.

Objective: To compare the efficacy and safety of topical 3% diclofenac gel plus hyaluronic acid and 5% imiquimod cream in the treatment of actinic keratosis.

Methods: Forty-nine patients with actinic keratosis were enrolled in this randomized comparative open-label study.

Skin problems in amputees: a descriptive study.

Background: Skin problems are common in amputee patients. These problems may restrict the normal use of a prosthetic limb. We aimed to determine the range, incidence, causes and patterns of dermatological problems seen in a population of amputees.

Immunohistochemical analysis of small plaque parapsoriasis: involvement of dendritic cells.

Small plaque parapsoriasis (SPP) is one of the cutaneous T-cell lymphoproliferative disorders. The aim of the present study was to show the antigenic profile of a subset of dendritic cells and lymphocytes in SPP in comparison with normal cells to provide data on the role of these two cell types in the pathogenesis of SPP. Skin biopsy specimens of lesions were obtained from 8 patients with SPP.

A comparative study of focal medium-depth chemical peel versus cryosurgery for the treatment of solar lentigo.

Recently, focal chemical peels with trichloroacetic acid (TCA) have been introduced for the treatment of pigmentary disorders to minimize the side effects such as pain or scarring associated with medium-to-deep chemical peeling. This is a controlled, prospective study to compare the efficacy of a focal medium-depth chemical peel regimen using 70% glycolic acid and 35% TCA with cryosurgery, in the treatment of solar lentigines of the hands. Twenty-five patients were treated with either focal medium-depth chemical peel or cryosurgery, which was randomly assigned to the left or right hand.

Efficacy and safety of serial glycolic acid peels and a topical regimen in the treatment of recalcitrant melasma.

Melasma is a common acquired disorder of facial hyperpigmentation. In this study we investigated the efficacy and safety of a combined treatment regimen including serial glycolic acid peels, topical azelaic acid cream and adapalene gel in the treatment of recalcitrant melasma. Twenty-eight patients with recalcitrant melasma were enrolled in a prospective, randomized, controlled trial lasting 20 weeks.

A 2-year-old girl with Stevens--Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis treated with intravenous immunoglobulin.

Toxic epidermal necrolysis and Stevens-Johnson syndrome are severe skin reactions, usually to drugs, associated with a widespread destruction of the epidermis. Widespread purpuric macules and epidermal detachment of less than 10% of the body surface is indicative of Stevens-Johnson syndrome, whereas epidermal detachment between 10% and 30% is called Stevens-Johnson-toxic epidermal necrolysis overlap. Epidermal detachment involving more than 30% of the total body surface is designated as toxic epidermal necrolysis.

Interferon-gamma in alopecia areata.

Alopecia areata is a common type of hair loss. In clinical practice most patients will present with reversible patchy hair loss whereas others may develop complete baldness. Although the etiopathogenesis of alopecia areata is poorly understood, evidence is accumulating that it can be regarded as a T-cell mediated tissue-restricted autoimmune disease of the hair follicle, especially expressing the T-helper-type 1 cytokines interleukin-1beta, interleukin-2, and interferon-gamma.

Lack of effect of cyclosporine in lichen amyloidosis associated with atopic dermatitis.

Lichen amyloidosis associated with atopic dermatitis is rare. We report a case of widespread lichen amyloidosis in association with long-standing refractory atopic dermatitis. Treatment with oral cyclosporine for three months was started, but no clinical and histological improvement was noticed.

Antioxidant enzymes and lipid peroxidation in the scalp of patients with alopecia areata.

Alopecia areata (AA) is an autoimmune inflammatory disease. However, little is known about the alterations in lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzymes in the scalp of patients with AA. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the status of oxidative stress in the scalp of patients with AA.