Radiation-induced bystander effect on the brain after fractionated spinal cord irradiation of aging rats.

We investigated the influence of the so-called bystander effect on metabolic and histopathological changes in the rat brain after fractionated spinal cord irradiation. The study was initiated with adult Wistar male rats (n = 20) at the age of 9 months. The group designated to irradiation (n = 10) and the age-matched control animals (n = 10) were subjected to an initial measurement using in vivo proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (H MRS) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Anatomic and metabolic alterations in the rodent frontal cortex caused by clinically relevant fractionated whole-brain irradiation.

Radiation-induced brain injury (RII) is a harmful side-effect occurring after conventional radiation therapy (usually fractionated whole-brain irradiation/fWBI) of patients with cerebral tumors and metastases. An important role in the quality of patients' lives plays cognitive, executive, and emotional functions, regulation on which are involved in frontal cortices pathways. This study assessed the morphologic and metabolic alterations in the rodent frontal cortex caused by fWBI with the total dose of 32 Gy in 4 fractions performed by linear accelerator Clinac iX.

Effect of fractionated whole-brain irradiation on brain and plasma in a rat model: Metabolic, volumetric and histopathological changes.

In the present study, we investigated the correlation between histopathological, metabolic, and volumetric changes in the brain and plasma under experimental conditions. Adult male Wistar rats received fractionated whole-brain irradiation (fWBI) with a total dose of 32 Gy delivered in 4 fractions (dose 8 Gy per fraction) once a week on the same day for 4 consecutive weeks. Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (H MRS) and imaging were used to detect metabolic and volumetric changes in the brain and plasma.

Model-based calculation of thyroid gland normal tissue complication probability in head and neck cancer patients after radiation therapy.

Aim: Primary hypothyroidism is one of the late complications that can occur after radiation therapy for malignant tumors in the head and neck region. The aim of this retrospective study was to show the validity of the Lyman-Kutcher-Burman (LKB) normal tissue complication model for thyroid gland based on clinical results.

Methods: Thyroid function was evaluated by measuring thyroid-stimulating hormone and free thyroxine serum levels before radiation therapy, 3 months after the beginning of radiation therapy, and afterwards at each follow-up visit.

Metabolic and histopathological changes in the brain and plasma of rats exposed to fractionated whole-brain irradiation.

In the present study we investigated the correlation between radiation-induced metabolic and histopathological changes in the brain under experimental conditions. Adult male Wistar rats received fractionated whole-brain irradiation (fWBI) with a total dose of 40 Gy administered in 5 fractions (dose 8 Gy per fraction) once a week on the same day for 5 consecutive weeks. Radiation-induced alteration in plasma and brain metabolites were measured by proton nuclear magnetic resonance (H NMR)-based metabolomics and proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (HMRS).

Effects of fractionated whole-brain irradiation on cellular composition and cognitive function in the rat brain.

Purpose: The aim of this study was investigate whether histopathological changes in the neurogenic region correlate with appropriate cognitive impairment in the experimental model of radiation-induced brain injury.

Materials And Methods: Adult male Wistar rats randomized into sham (0 Gy) and two experimental groups (survived 30 and 100 days after treatment) received fractionated whole-brain irradiation (one 5 Gy fraction/week for four weeks) with a total dose of 20 Gy of gamma rays. Morris water maze cognitive testing, histochemistry, immunohistochemistry and confocal microscopy were used to determine whether the cognitive changes are associated with the alteration of neurogenesis, astrocytic response and activation of microglia along and/or adjacent to well-defined pathway, subventricular zone-olfactory bulb axis (SVZ-OB axis).

Effect of whole-brain irradiation on the specific brain regions in a rat model: Metabolic and histopathological changes.

Effect of ionizing radiation on the brain affects neuronal, glial, and endothelial cell population and lead to significant morphological, metabolic, and functional deficits. In the present study we investigated a dose- and time-dependent correlation between radiation-induced metabolic and histopathological changes. Adult male Wistar rats received a total dose of 35Gy delivered in 7 fractions (dose 5Gy per fraction) once per week in the same weekday during 7 consecutive weeks.

Effect of Fractionated Irradiation on the Hippocampus in an Experimental Model.

Background: Ionizing radiation induces altered brain tissue homeostasis and can lead to morphological and functional deficits. The aim of the present study was to investigate the short-term and long-term effect of ionizing radiation on cell population resides adult rat hippocampus.

Materials And Methods: Adult male Wistar rats received whole- brain irradiation with fractionated doses of gamma rays (a total dose of 20 Gy) and were investigated 30 and 100 days later.

Differential expression of doublecortin and microglial markers in the rat brain following fractionated irradiation.

Ionizing radiation induces altered brain tissue homeostasis and can lead to morphological and functional deficits. In this study, adult male Wistar rats received whole-body exposure with fractionated doses of gamma rays (a total dose of 5 Gy) and were investigated 30 and 60 days later. Immunohistochemistry and confocal microscopy were used to determine proliferation rate of cells residing or derived from the forebrain anterior subventricular zone (SVZa) and microglia distributed along and/or adjacent to subventricular zone-olfactory bulb axis.

Ionizing radiation induced long-term alterations in the adult rat rostral migratory stream.

Ionizing radiation can induce significant injury to normal brain structures. To assess radiation-induced late effects, adult male Wistar rats received whole-body exposure with fractionated doses of gamma rays (a total dose of 4Gy) and were investigated thirty, sixty and ninety days later. Immunohistochemistry and confocal microscopy were used to determine the density of neuroblasts derived from the anterior subventricular zone (SVZa) and brain resident microglia distributed along and/or adjacent to subventricular zone-olfactory bulb axis (SVZ-OB axis).

Long-term alterations of cell population in the adult rat forebrain following the exposure to fractionated doses of ionizing radiation.

We investigated radiation-induced delayed alterations of proliferating population, cells undergoing apoptosis and glial cells housed rat brain neurogenic region. Adult male Wistar rats were investigated 30, 60 or 90 days after whole-body irradiation with fractionated doses of gamma rays (the total dose of 4 Gy). Using immunohistochemistry for detection of cell proliferation marker Ki-67, caspase3 as apoptotic marker and GFAP for mature astrocytes we have been performed quantitative analysis in different forebrain's areas along the SVZ-OB axis, i.

Fractionated irradiation-induced altered spatio-temporal cell distribution in the rat forebrain.

Ionizing radiation as one of the strongest cytogenetic factors can induce significant injury to the adult brain. In the present study, adult male Wistar rats were exposed to whole-body irradiation with fractionated doses of gamma rays (a total dose of 3Gy). Seven, 14 and 21 days after irradiation the cell types located in the neurogenic anterior subventricular zone (SVZa) were labeled using immunohistochemistry for SVZa-derived young neurons and astrocytes.

[Thyroid disorders in women with breast cancer].

Aim: Increasing prevalence of non-malignant thyroid disorders in women with breast cancer has been known for several decades; it is said to be associated with a better prognosis of the cancerous disease. The aim of this work was to analyse associations between thyropathies found in women with breast cancer and particular prognostic factors.

Patients And Methods: A group of 110 women with breast cancer were tested for autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT) and functional changes of the thyroid gland.

Radiation-induced long-term alterations in hippocampus under experimental conditions.

Backgrounds: The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of ionizing radiation on the cell population that co-forms hippocampal formation in an adult rat brain.

Materials And Methods: Adult male Wistar rats were exposed to whole-body irradiation with fractionated doses of gamma rays (the total dose of 4 Gy). Thirty, 60 and 90 days after irradiation the cell-specific types housed in the CA1, CA3 subregions and adjacent layers were labelled using immunohistochemistry for specific cell phenotypes; Ki-67 marker was used for proliferating cells and GFAP for detection of astrocytes.

[Low-dose radiotherapy in the treatment of plantar fasciitis].

Backgrounds: To evaluate the analgesic effect of low-dose radiotherapy in the treatment of plantar fasciitis and to analyse prognostic factors.

Patients And Methods: Retrospective analysis was used in the assessment of the analgesic effect after the 1st and 2nd series of low-dose radiotherapy. The treatment regime of 273 patients included total dose of 4.

Influence of chest gamma-irradiation on cough response in awake guinea pigs.

Radiotherapy of tumors in the chest and neck regions may have serious pulmonary side effects. It is well known that inflammation is an essential manifestation of radiation-induced injury. This can heal spontaneously, by specific treatment, or it may progress to more intensive inflammation up to irreversible pulmonary fibrosis.

Changes of cough reflex sensitivity induced by cancer radiotherapy of chest and neck regions.

It is reasonable to suppose that airway mucosa can be damaged by irradiation applied to chest and neck regions. The inflammatory process is a consequence of an injury. Airway inflammation is one mechanism responsible for cough induction.

Effects of thorax irradiation on citric acid-induced cough in guinea pigs.

Thoracic irradiation may cause an acute lymphocytic alveolitis or hypersensitivity pneumonitis. It is well known that cough reflex is sensitized by a number of inflammatory mediators. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of the thoracic irradiation on the cough response in awake guinea pigs.

Multiple cutaneous metastases as the first sign of lung cancer in a patient with well-differentiated papillary transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder.

A case of multiple, cutaneous metastases as the first sign of lung cancer in a patient with well-differentiated, papillary, transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder is presented. In the left clavicular region were two, sharply demarcated, dark red tumors measuring 3 and 2 cm in diameter with a history of rapid growth and intermittent spontaneous bleeding. Thorough examination of the patient revealed 16 additional skin lesions, which were dark red macules and papules, 2-3 mm in diameter, situated on the left side of the chest.

[Surgical treatment of patients with carcinoma of the larynx at the Otorhinolaryngology Clinic in Martin].

In 1973-1985 at the ENT Clinic of the Faculty Hospital with policlinic in Martin 559 patients with carcinoma of the larynx were treated: 23 women and 529 men. Thirteen women and 286 men were operated. Partial resection was performed in 137 patients.

[Radionuclide evaluation of the relation between the upper and lower respiratory organs].

Functional examination of the lungs provides information on global pulmonary parameters. Radionuclide examination of pulmonary ventilation and gas distribution in the latter makes it possible to evaluate the functional regional finding in the lungs. In six subjects, using the bolus method with 133Xe, the respiratory system as a whole was examined and relations between upper and lower airways were evaluated.