Prevalence of Middle Mesial Canal in Mandibular First Permanent Molars in a Persian Population: An In Vivo Cone-Beam Computed Tomography Study.

Objectives: This study aimed to identify the prevalence of the middle mesial canal (MMC) in mandibular first permanent molars in a Persian subpopulation sample using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). The secondary aim was to correlate the incidence of MMC with variables such as gender, age, and the presence of an additional distal canal.

Materials And Method: A total of 390 mandibular first molars from 314 CBCT images were retrospectively evaluated.

Case of isolated scleromalacia perforans with seropositivity for rheumatoid arthritis.

Scleromalacia perforans, or necrotising anterior scleritis, is a rare and severe form of eye disease that usually occurs in patients suffering from long-standing systemic inflammatory diseases, with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) being the most common. Here, we report the case of a patient who presented with redness of the eye and discolouration of the sclera and was diagnosed with scleromalacia perforans without any further extraophthalmic systemic involvement. Serological workup revealed highly positive cyclic citrullinated peptide (CCP) antibody (CCP-IgG/anticitrullinated protein antibodies) and positive rheumatoid factor, serologies commonly associated with RA.

Factor VII R353Q (rs6046), FGA A6534G (rs6050), and FGG C10034T (rs2066865) Gene Polymorphisms and Risk of Recurrent Pregnancy Loss in Iranian Women.

Recurrent pregnancy loss is a multi factorial and heterogeneous disorder defined as two or more consecutive pregnancy losses before 20 weeks' gestation. Gene polymorphisms including factor VII R353Q (rs6046), fibrinogen alpha chain A6534G (rs6050) and fibrinogen gamma chain C10034T (rs2066865) have potential role in thrombophilia and the relation between these three polymorphisms and an increased risk of venous thrombosis have been reported. As thrombophilia is associated with a considerable proportion of pregnancy loss and the association between these gene polymorphisms and recurrent pregnancy loss remains controversial, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the relation of these polymorphisms and recurrent pregnancy loss in Iranian women.

APOE2 gene therapy reduces amyloid deposition and improves markers of neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration in a mouse model of Alzheimer disease.

Epidemiological studies show that individuals who carry the relatively uncommon APOE ε2 allele rarely develop Alzheimer disease, and if they do, they have a later age of onset, milder clinical course, and less severe neuropathological findings than people without this allele. The contrast is especially stark when compared with the major genetic risk factor for Alzheimer disease, APOE ε4, which has an age of onset several decades earlier, a more aggressive clinical course and more severe neuropathological findings, especially in terms of the amount of amyloid deposition. Here, we demonstrate that brain exposure to APOE ε2 via a gene therapy approach, which bathes the entire cortical mantle in the gene product after transduction of the ependyma, reduces Aβ plaque deposition, neurodegenerative synaptic loss, and, remarkably, reduces microglial activation in an APP/PS1 mouse model despite continued expression of human APOE ε4.

Impact of double cryogelation process on a macroporous dye-affinity hydrogel.

Cryogels with interconnected channels allow high flow-through properties and mass transfer when dealing with complex mixtures such as non-clarified crude extracts. However, their mechanical strength can be challenged due to a large void volume inside the polymeric network. We have addressed this problem by forming a double-layer cryogel applied as a dye-affinity chromatography gel.

Interaction of haemin with albumin-based macroporous cryogel: Adsorption isotherm and fluorescence quenching studies.

Albumin-based cryogels for capturing haemin were synthesised by crosslinking different biomolecules, bovine serum albumin (BSA) and ovalbumin (OVA). The impact of the protein and coupling agent concentrations on cryogel's mechanical properties, swelling ratios and polymerisation yields, as well as autoclaving as a post-treatment on the cryogel, were studied. We found that BSA (50 mg/ml) and the crosslinker (-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)--ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride, 46 mg/ml) formed a cryogel with optimum physical characteristics at a comparatively low protein concentration.

Controlled release of growth factors using synthetic glycosaminoglycans in a modular macroporous scaffold for tissue regeneration.

Healthy regeneration of tissue relies on a well-orchestrated release of growth factors. Herein, we show the use of synthetic glycosaminoglycans for controlled binding and release of growth factors to induce a desired cellular response. First, we screened glycosaminoglycans with growth factors of interest to determine k (association rate constant), k (dissociation rate constant), and K (equilibrium rate constant).

Neutrophil profiles of pediatric COVID-19 and multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children.

Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is a delayed-onset, COVID-19-related hyperinflammatory illness characterized by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) antigenemia, cytokine storm, and immune dysregulation. In severe COVID-19, neutrophil activation is central to hyperinflammatory complications, yet the role of neutrophils in MIS-C is undefined. Here, we collect blood from 152 children: 31 cases of MIS-C, 43 cases of acute pediatric COVID-19, and 78 pediatric controls.

Chromatin-bound RB targets promoters, enhancers, and CTCF-bound loci and is redistributed by cell-cycle progression.

The interaction of RB with chromatin is key to understanding its molecular functions. Here, for first time, we identify the full spectrum of chromatin-bound RB. Rather than exclusively binding promoters, as is often described, RB targets three fundamentally different types of loci (promoters, enhancers, and insulators), which are largely distinguishable by the mutually exclusive presence of E2F1, c-Jun, and CTCF.

Enacted Ebola Stigma and Health-related Quality of Life in Post Ebola Epidemic: A Psychosocial Mediation Framework Through Social Support, Self-Efficacy, and Coping.

On-site experiences and reports have shown that the multiple outbreaks of Ebola virus disease (EVD) in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) resulted in pervasive experience of stigma against many people who have recovered from EVD as well as their families and close relatives. Three evidence-based protective factors which are supposed to mitigate the impact of enacted Ebola stigma on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of individuals in this epidemic context were identified. We expected that positive religious coping, perceived social support, and general self-efficacy would mediate the relationship between enacted Ebola stigma and HRQoL.

Spatial interplay of lymphocytes and fibroblasts in estrogen receptor-positive HER2-negative breast cancer.

In estrogen-receptor-positive, HER2-negative (ERHER2) breast cancer, higher levels of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) are often associated with a poor prognosis and this phenomenon is still poorly understood. Fibroblasts represent one of the most frequent cells in breast cancer and harbor immunomodulatory capabilities. Here, we evaluate the molecular and clinical impact of the spatial patterns of TILs and fibroblast in ERHER2 breast cancer.

Imprinted Polymer Beads Loaded with Silver Nanoparticles for Antibacterial Applications.

After the emergence of multidrug-resistant strains, antibiotic resistance in bacteria has become an important problem. Thus, materials for combating multidrug-resistant bacteria are of vital importance. In this work, we developed an antibacterial material that can selectively capture and destruct bacteria on the basis of their physical characteristics.

Neutrophil Profiles of Pediatric COVID-19 and Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children.

Unlabelled: Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) is a delayed-onset, COVID-19-related hyperinflammatory systemic illness characterized by SARS-CoV-2 antigenemia, cytokine storm and immune dysregulation; however, the role of the neutrophil has yet to be defined. In adults with severe COVID-19, neutrophil activation has been shown to be central to overactive inflammatory responses and complications. Thus, we sought to define neutrophil activation in children with MIS-C and acute COVID-19.

Corrigendum: The Transcultural Community Resilience Scale: Psychometric Properties and Multinational Validity in the Context of the COVID-19 Pandemic.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.

Rapid Separation of Human Hemoglobin on a Large Scale From Non-clarified Bacterial Cell Homogenates Using Molecularly Imprinted Composite Cryogels.

The production of a macroporous hydrogel column, known as cryogel, has been scaled up (up to 150 mL) in this work for the purification of human hemoglobin from non-clarified bacterial homogenates. Composite cryogels were synthesized in the presence of adult hemoglobin (HbA) to form a molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP)network where the affinity sites for the targeted molecule were placed directly on an acrylamide cryogel by protein imprinting during the cryogelation. The MIP composite cryogel column was first evaluated in a well-defined protein mixture.

Prolonged grief and posttraumatic growth among middle-aged and older widowed persons: A latent class analysis and testing for the role of social support.

Evidence has shown that symptoms of grief co-occur with posttraumatic growth following loss. Using latent class analysis among a Togolese sample of middle-aged/older widowed persons, we identified three classes along their experiences of grief-growth interaction (combined grief/growth, predominantly growth, and low-medium growth classes). The combined grief/growth class members were more likely to have lost their spouses recently and to report greater marital relationship satisfaction with their spouse before their death.

The Transcultural Community Resilience Scale: Psychometric Properties and Multinational Validity in the Context of the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Few instruments assess community resilience. In the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic, the capacity of communities to support resilience of members deserves to be assessed to develop programs for improving mental health of affected populations. This article presents the development of the Ottawa-Community Resilience Scale (O-CRS), its underlying factorial structure and transcultural validity with a multilingual (English, French, Creole, Kinyarwanda), multinational (DR Congo, Haiti, Rwanda, Togo) and multicultural sample affected by this pandemic.

Prevalence and Effects of Daily and Major Experiences of Racial Discrimination and Microaggressions among Black Individuals in Canada.

The prevalence and correlates of different forms of racial discrimination among Black Canadians are unknown. This article aims to examine the prevalence of different forms of racial discrimination (daily, major and microaggressions) and their association with self-esteem and satisfaction with life among Black Canadians. A convenience sample of 845 Black Canadians aged 15-40 was recruited.

Synthesizing a Hybrid Nanocomposite as an Affinity Adsorbent through Surface-Initiated Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization Catalyzed by Myoglobin.

A hybrid bifunctional core-shell nanostructure was synthesized for the first time via surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ATRP) using myoglobin as a biocatalyst (ATRPase) in an aqueous solution. -Isopropyl acrylamide (NIPA) and -(3-aminopropyl)methacrylamide (APMA) were applied to graft flexible polymer brushes onto initiator-functionalized silica nanoparticles. Two different approaches were implemented to form the core-shell nanocomposite: (a) random copolymerization, Si@p(NIPA--APMA) and (b) sequential block copolymerization, Si@pNIPA--pAPMA.

Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children is driven by zonulin-dependent loss of gut mucosal barrier.

BACKGROUNDWeeks after SARS-CoV-2 infection or exposure, some children develop a severe, life-threatening illness called multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C). Gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms are common in patients with MIS-C, and a severe hyperinflammatory response ensues with potential for cardiac complications. The cause of MIS-C has not been identified to date.

Prevalence and correlates of depression among Black individuals in Canada: The major role of everyday racial discrimination.

Background: Depression is a common mental health problem causing significant disability globally, including in Canada. Prevalence estimates for depression within Black communities in Canada are unknown. This study determined the prevalence of depression in a sample of Black Canadians and the association between everyday racial discrimination experiences and depression.

Inhibition of Rho-kinase improves response to deep inspiration in ovalbumin-sensitized guinea pigs.

Objectives: The modulatory effect of deep inspiration (DI) on airway constriction is impaired in asthma. However, mechanisms underlying this impairment are not clear. Since there is evidence indicating that Rho-kinase activation mediates force maintenance under oscillatory strain, we investigated the impact of Rho-kinase inhibition on the bronchodilatory effect of DI in ovalbumin (OVA) sensitized guinea pigs.

Prevalence and correlates of depression during the COVID-19 pandemic and the major role of stigmatization in low- and middle-income countries: A multinational cross-sectional study.

Objectives: Currently, there is little data on the mental health consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). This study aims to examine the pooled and separate prevalence and determinants of depression during the pandemic in samples from four LMICs.

Methods: Participants (N= 1267, 40.

Preparation of Boronic Acid-Functionalized Cryogels Using Modular and Clickable Building Blocks for Bacterial Separation.

Composite cryogels containing boronic acid ligands are synthesized for effective separation and isolation of bacteria. The large and interconnected pores in cryogels enable fast binding and release of microbial cells. To control bacterial binding, an alkyne-tagged boronic acid ligand is conjugated to azide-functionalized cryogel the Cu(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition reaction.