Associated factors for dropout of first versus third doses of pentavalent vaccination in Tanzania.

The pentavalent is a vaccine against Diphtheria, Pertussis, Tetanus, Hepatitis B, and Haemophilus type B influenza. A child is considered a pentavalent vaccination dropout if they have received the first dosage as advised but have not obtained the third dose. In Tanzania, the first-dose receiver of pentavalent was approximately 97 %, whereas only 89 % received a third dose.

Feasibility of a Mobile Application for Self and Assisted Reporting of Coronavirus Disease 2019 Self-Testing Results in Tanzania: A Pilot Study.

A critical impediment to efficient outbreak response is the availability of timely and complete data on cases and their linkage to care. To inform solutions to this issue, this study investigated the utility of self-testers reporting their coronavirus disease 2019 results using a mobile health platform. Our study has demonstrated that the mobile health platform is feasible; it achieved a 74.

Pharmacokinetics of a Novel Piperaquine Dispersible Granules Formulation Under Fasting and Various Fed Conditions Versus Piperaquine Tablets When Fasted in Healthy Tanzanian Adults: A Randomized, Phase I Study.

Piperaquine tetraphosphate (PQP), a long-acting antimalarial, is being considered in a combination for chemoprevention. Dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine tablets (hard and dispersible) approved for the treatment of acute uncomplicated malaria should be administered in a fasted state, as PQP bioavailability increases with food. A new taste-masked dispersible granules PQP formulation aims to minimize the impact of food on drug exposure.

The 1,7-malaria reactive community-based testing and response (1,7-mRCTR) approach in Tanzania: a cost-effectiveness analysis.

Background: Reactive case detection (RACD) for malaria control has been found effective in low transmission settings, but its impact and cost-effectiveness in moderate-to-high transmission settings are unknown. We conducted an economic evaluation alongside an empirical trial of a modified RACD strategy (1,7-mRCTR) in three moderate-to-high malaria transmission districts in Tanzania.

Methods: The costs and cost savings associated with the intervention relative to passive case detection alone were estimated in the study sites of Kilwa, Kibiti, and Rufiji districts in Tanzania from 2019-2021.

Acceptability, Feasibility, and Uptake of COVID-19 Antigen Rapid Diagnostic Self-Testing at the Community Level in Tanzania.

The rapid diagnosis of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is critical for comprehensive public health response strategies, and self-testing with antigen rapid diagnostic tests (Ag-RDTs) presents opportunities to test in hard-to-reach communities. Therefore, we evaluated the acceptability, feasibility, and uptake of Ag-RDT self-testing at the community level in Tanzania. From June to October 2022, symptomatic individuals or those with recent contact with a known or suspected COVID-19 patient were offered assisted testing and self-testing within mining communities and at transport hubs.

Routine Immunization Status and Factors Associated with Immunization Coverage among Children Aged 12-23 Months in Tanzania.

Immunization has saved millions of lives globally from vaccine-preventable diseases. Childhood immunization is an effective public health strategy for decreasing morbidity and mortality among children in developing countries. Tanzania has one of the highest rates of coverage of routine child immunization among sub-Saharan African countries.

Pilot deployment of a community health care worker in distributing and offering the COVID-19 AgRDT in Tanzania.

A pilot implementation of the rapid diagnostic test program was performed to collect evidence of the feasibility, acceptability, and uptake of the COVID-19 AgRDT in Tanzania. We conducted a prospective cross-sectional study in the community to provide quantitative details of the pilot implementation of the antigen rapid diagnostic test (AgRDT) in Tanzania. This study was undertaken between March 2022 and September 2022.

Challenges of proper disposal of old long-lasting insecticidal nets and its alternative uses in rural south-eastern Tanzania.

Introduction: Insecticide-treated nets (ITNs), specifically long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs), are the most commonly used, scalable, and cost-effective tools for controlling malaria transmission in sub-Saharan Africa. However, the multiple alternative uses of retired LLINs have been associated with poor disposal practices. The World Health Organization (WHO) has provided guidelines and recommendations for the proper management of worn-out LLINs.

Exploring activities and behaviours potentially increases school-age children's vulnerability to malaria infections in south-eastern Tanzania.

Background: Strengthening malaria control activities in Tanzania has dramatically declined human malaria infections. However, there is an increasing epidemiological shift in the burden on school-age children. The underlying causes for such an epidemiological shift remain unknown in this context.

Understanding Sociodemographic Factors and Reasons Associated with COVID-19 Vaccination Hesitance among Adults in Tanzania: A Mixed-Method Approach.

Although studies on COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy are being undertaken widely worldwide, there is limited evidence in Tanzania. This study aims to assess the sociodemographic factors associated with COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and the reasons given by unvaccinated study participants. We conducted a mixed-method cross-sectional study with two components-health facilities and communities-between March and September 2022.

Field evaluation of the novel One Step Malaria Pf and Pf/Pv rapid diagnostic tests and the proportion of HRP-2 gene deletion identified on samples collected in the Pwani region, Tanzania.

Background: Malaria rapid diagnostic tests (mRDTs) have played an important role in the early detection of clinical malaria in an endemic area. While several mRDTs are currently on the market, the availability of mRDTs with high sensitivity and specificity will merit the fight against malaria. We evaluated the field performance of a novel One Step Malaria (P.

Comparative evaluation of different versions of exposure-free mosquito electrocuting traps and barrier screen trap for monitoring outdoor densities and biting time phenotypes by malaria and filariasis vectors in Tanzania.

Background: Estimating human exposure to mosquito vectors is crucial for the prediction of malaria transmission and intervention impact. The human landing catch method is frequently used to directly measure estimate exposure rates; however, there has been an increasing shift from this method to exposure-free alternatives, such as the mosquito electrocuting traps (MET) and other approaches. While these latter methods can provide robust and representative values of human exposure and mosquito density, they often still require a human volunteer, which poses logistical challenges.

Effectiveness of the innovative 1,7-malaria reactive community-based testing and response (1, 7-mRCTR) approach on malaria burden reduction in Southeastern Tanzania.

Background: In 2015, a China-UK-Tanzania tripartite pilot project was implemented in southeastern Tanzania to explore a new model for reducing malaria burden and possibly scaling-out the approach into other malaria-endemic countries. The 1,7-malaria Reactive Community-based Testing and Response (1,7-mRCTR) which is a locally-tailored approach for reporting febrile malaria cases in endemic villages was developed to stop transmission and Plasmodium life-cycle. The (1,7-mRCTR) utilizes existing health facility data and locally trained community health workers to conduct community-level testing and treatment.