Cluster of Post-Operative Endophthalmitis Caused by Acanthamoeba T10 Genotype - A First Report.

Purpose: To report a cluster of postoperative Acanthamoeba endophthalmitis after routine cataract surgeries.

Methods: A brief summary of sentinel events leading to the referral of 4 patients of postoperative endophthalmitis to our hospital is followed by clinical descriptions and the various diagnostic approaches and interventions used. Genotyping and phylogenetic analysis are also discussed.

Seroprevalence of Anti-HIV-1, Anti-HIV-2, Hepatitis B Surface Antigen, and Anti-HCV in Eye Donors in a Tertiary Eye Hospital, Chennai, India, in the Past 13 years (2005-2017).

Purpose: To understand the seroprevalence of HIV, hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), and hepatitis C virus (HCV) in serum samples collected from eye donors between 2005 and 2017 at Sankara Nethralaya, Chennai, India.

Method: The reports of 7136 eye donors serologically screened for antibodies to HIV-1 and HIV-2, HBsAg, and antibodies to HCV were retrospectively analyzed.

Result: Among the 7136 serum samples screened during this study period, the serum samples of 14 donors (0.

Application of six multiplex PCR's among 200 clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa for the detection of 20 drug resistance encoding genes.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) is a menacing opportunistic, nosocomial pathogen; become a growing concern as conventional antimicrobial therapy is now futile against it. Multi-drug resistant P.

Resistome and pathogenomics of multidrug resistant (MDR) Pseudomonas aeruginosa VRFPA03, VRFPA05 recovered from alkaline chemical keratitis and post-operative endophthalmitis patient.

Eye infections due to Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an important cause of ocular morbidity. We presents the whole genomic comparative analysis of two P. aeruginosa VRFPA03 and VRFPA05 isolated from alkaline chemical injury mediated keratitis and post-cataract surgery endophthalmitis patients, respectively.

Draft genome sequence of blaVeb-1, blaoxa-10 producing multi-drug resistant (MDR) Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain VRFPA09 recovered from bloodstream infection.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) bacteremia causes significant mortality rate due to emergence of multidrug resistant (MDR) nosocomial infections. We report the draft genome sequence of P.

Hepatitis C Virus NS3 Mediated Microglial Inflammation via TLR2/TLR6 MyD88/NF-κB Pathway and Toll Like Receptor Ligand Treatment Furnished Immune Tolerance.

Background: Recent evidence suggests the neurotrophic potential of hepatitis C virus (HCV). HCV NS3 protein is one of the potent antigens of this virus mediating inflammatory response in different cell types. Microglia being the immune surveillance cells in the central nervous system (CNS), the inflammatory potential of NS3 on microglia was studied.

Patients with dry eye without hepatitis C virus infection possess the viral RNA in their tears.

Purpose: Dry eye is one of the suggested extrahepatic complications associated with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. HCV RNA has been detected from the tear fluid of patients with chronic HCV. There has been no literature evidence on the presence of HCV RNA in the tear fluid of patients with dry eye without HCV infection.

Hepatitis C virus core and NS3 antigens induced conjunctival inflammation via toll-like receptor-mediated signaling.

Purpose: Dry eye condition is an extrahepatic manifestation associated with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. Since conjunctival inflammation can contribute to the dry eye condition, in the present study we analyzed the conjunctival inflammatory response to HCV core and NS3 proteins.

Methods: We used primary human conjunctival fibroblasts for our study.

Eales' disease - current concepts in diagnosis and management.

Eales' disease, first described by the British ophthalmologist Henry Eales in 1880, is characterized by three overlapping stages of venous inflammation (vasculitis), occlusion, and retinal neovascularization. Diagnosis is mostly clinical and requires exclusion of other systemic or ocular conditions that could present with similar retinal features. In recent years, immunological, molecular biological, and biochemical studies have indicated the role of human leukocyte antigen, retinal autoimmunity, Mycobacterium tuberculosis genome, and free radical-mediated damage in the etiopathogenesis of this disease.

Screening of ocular enterobacteriaceae isolates for presence of chromosomal blaNDM-1 and ESBL genes: a 2-year study at a tertiary eye care center.

Purpose: Since, to our knowledge, there are no reports on the prevalence of the blaNDM-1 gene among ocular isolates of Enterobacteriaceae, and only limited information on the prevalence of extended spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) among ocular bacterial isolates are available, our study was undertaken.

Methods: A prospective study was done on 74 Enterobacteriaceae isolates from patients presenting with clinical suspicion of bacterial ocular infections during a period from January 2010-December 2011. All isolates were subjected to detection of ESBLs by double disc synergy and screened for the presence of CTX-M -I, II, III, and IV groups, and OXA, TEM, SHV, blaNDM-1 genes by PCR.

Studies on New Delhi Metallo-Beta-Lactamse-1 producing Acinetobacter baumannii isolated from donor swab in a tertiary eye care centre, India and structural analysis of its antibiotic binding interactions.

Gram-negative bacilli, Enterobacteriaceae and Non-fermentors with resistance to carbapenems and metallo beta-lactams are the major cause of concern in clinical problems in current human healthcare. The most highly emerging dreadful Metallo Beta-lactamses is New Delhi metallo-beta-lactamase (blaNDM-1) which confers resistance to carbapenems; susceptible only to colistin and, less consistently to tigecycline, leading to no therapeutic options. In the present study, we demonstrate the effects of cephalosporins and carbepenems on biofilm producing A.

A study on isolation rate and prevalence of drug resistance among microorganisms isolated from multiorgan donor and donor corneal rim along with a report on existence of bla NDM-1 among Indian population.

Purpose: To study the rate of isolation and prevalence of drug resistance among bacteria isolated from conjunctival swabs collected from multiorgan donor and Donor corneal rim specimens obtained from a tertiary eye hospital in South India.

Methods: Donor corneal rims (DCR) and conjunctival swabs from multiorgan donors collected over a period of 6 months were screened for the prevalent species of bacteria and drug resistance associated with them against the first line of antibiotics by phenotypic methods and multidrug resistant isolates were further subjected for genotypic analysis.

Results: Seventy-six DCR specimens were screened out of which 46 (60.

Comparison of a novel semi-nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with a uniplex PCR for the detection of Acanthamoeba genome in corneal scrapings.

A semi-nested polymerase chain reaction (snPCR) was developed to improve the sensitivity of detection of Acanthamoeba sp. genome from corneal scrapings of Acanthamoeba keratitis patients. The snPCR was developed using a laboratory designed inner forward primer targeting the 450-bp product of the 18s rRNA-gene-based PCR.