Cardiovascular Risk Prediction Scores in Type 1 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: The extent of the performance and utility of scores for the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in persons with type 1 diabetes (T1DM) largely remains unclear.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to synthesize data on the performance of CVD risk scores in people living with T1DM.

Methods: This study is a systematic review and meta-analysis.

The Correlation Between Screen Time and the Probability of Developing Autism Spectrum Disorder.

Background Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are a collection of neurological, psychological, and developmental anomalies that manifest in early life, affecting individuals across all racial, cultural, and socioeconomic groups. Its prevalence has grown significantly over the past 20 years. Exposure to digital devices has increased alongside the rise in ASD prevalence.

Association of Pre-Existing Type 2 Diabetes on Kidney Transplant Outcomes and Factors Correlating With Survival: A Single-Center Analysis.

Introduction: Kidney transplantation (KT) is the treatment of choice for end-stage renal disease. Diabetes mellitus is the most common indication for KT, with most recipients having type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Previous studies have shown inferior patient survival in T2DM KT recipients.

Appraising groundwater quality and probabilistic human health risks from fluoride-enriched groundwater using the pollution index of groundwater (PIG) and GIS: a case study of adama town and its vicinities in the central main Ethiopian rift valley.

This research's main objective is to identify the level of contamination in drinking water in Adama town and its environs by employing PIG, GIS and HHRA. The physical-chemical parameters of groundwater were determined, and the results were compared to regional and global drinking water quality guidelines. The pH of groundwater is alkaline, and the contents of Ca, Na, HCO , and F in the majority of samples surpassed the permissible drinking limit.

Variations in antihypertensive medication treatment and blood pressure control among Veterans with HIV and existing hypertension.

Background: Hypertension is a leading risk factor for cardiovascular disease among patients living with HIV (PLWH). Understanding the predictors and patterns of antihypertensive medication prescription and blood pressure (BP) control among PLWH with hypertension (HTN) is important to improve the primary prevention efforts for this high-risk population. We sought to assess important patient-level correlates (eg, race) and inter-facility variations in antihypertension medication prescriptions and BP control among Veterans living with HIV (VLWH) and HTN.

Assessment of water quality in wells and springs across various districts of Taza City, Morocco.

The aim of this study is to assess groundwater pollution in the city of Taza, Morocco. This was accomplished through hydrochemical and biological investigations, focusing on analyzing the physicochemical and bacteriological parameters of groundwater. Water samples were collected from wells and sources within Taza City on a monthly basis during the spring and summer of 2023.

Aerogels based on Bacterial Nanocellulose and their Applications.

Microbial cellulose stands out for its exceptional characteristics in the form of biofilms formed by highly interlocked fibrils, namely, bacterial nanocellulose (BNC). Concurrently, bio-based aerogels are finding uses in innovative materials owing to their lightweight, high surface area, physical, mechanical, and thermal properties. In particular, bio-based aerogels based on BNC offer significant opportunities as alternatives to synthetic or mineral counterparts.

The proteogenomic landscape of multiple myeloma reveals insights into disease biology and therapeutic opportunities.

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a plasma cell malignancy of the bone marrow. Despite therapeutic advances, MM remains incurable, and better risk stratification as well as new therapies are therefore highly needed. The proteome of MM has not been systematically assessed before and holds the potential to uncover insight into disease biology and improved prognostication in addition to genetic and transcriptomic studies.

Clinical Outcomes After Acute Coronary Syndromes or Revascularization Among People Living With HIV: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Importance: Clinical outcomes after acute coronary syndromes (ACS) or percutaneous coronary interventions (PCIs) in people living with HIV have not been characterized in sufficient detail, and extant data have not been synthesized adequately.

Objective: To better characterize clinical outcomes and postdischarge treatment of patients living with HIV after ACS or PCIs compared with patients in an HIV-negative control group.

Data Sources: Ovid MEDLINE, Embase, and Web of Science were searched for all available longitudinal studies of patients living with HIV after ACS or PCIs from inception until August 2023.

Optimization of olive oil extraction wastes co composting procedure based on bioprocessing parameters.

Organic waste generation has increased massively around the world during the last decades, especially the waste produced by the olive-growing industry. In order to manage the waste accumulation, composting process is an appropriate biotechnological solution which allows the waste organic matter biotransformation into a useful product the "compost", used as an amendment for agricultural soils. The classical composting process presents several disadvantages; the major difficulty is to find the best feedstocks proportion to be used, leading to a final C/N ratio ranged between 12 and 15, a neutral pH, a humidity between 40% and 60% and organic matter (OM) content of 20-60%, at ambient temperature.

The NED foundation experience: A model of global neurosurgery.

Introduction: The Neurosurgery Education and Development (NED) Foundation (NEDF) started the development of local neurosurgical practice in Zanzibar (Tanzania) in 2008. More than a decade later, multiple actions with humanitarian purposes have significantly improved neurosurgical practice and education for physicians and nurses.

Research Question: To what extent could comprehensive interventions (beyond treating patients) be effective in developing global neurosurgery from the outset in low and middle-income countries?

Material And Method: A retrospective review of a 14- year period (2008-2022) of NEDF activities highlighting landmarks, projects, and evolving collaborations in Zanzibar was carried out.

Type 1 diabetes and risk of heart failure: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Aim: Robust data on type 1 diabetes (T1DM) and the risk of heart failure (HF) is scarce.

Methods: We searched PubMed and EMBASE for relevant studies, abstracted data on HF incidence rate and adjusted relative risk (aRR) for T1DM, type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and controls, and pooled incidence rates and aRRs for HF across studies.

Results: Four studies including 61,885 T1DM patients, 4,599,213 non-diabetic controls, and 248,021 T2DM patients (three studies) were included.

A Rare Case of Primary Duodenal Plasmacytoma: An Incidental Finding.

Solitary extramedullary plasmacytoma (SEP) is a rare tumor due to the monoclonal proliferation of plasma cells without bone marrow involvement. Plasmacytomas are frequently encountered in bone or soft tissue but rarely occur in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. They can present with a multitude of symptoms depending on their site.

Effect of a novel hygiene intervention on older children's handwashing in a humanitarian setting in Kahda district, Somalia: A cluster-randomised controlled equivalence trial.

Introduction: Improving handwashing with soap (HWWS) among children in humanitarian emergencies has the potential to reduce the transmission of several important infectious diseases. However, there is limited evidence on which approaches are effective in increasing HWWS among children in humanitarian settings. One recent innovation - the "Surprise Soap" intervention - was shown to be successful in a small-scale efficacy trial in a humanitarian setting in Iraq.

Performance of Cardiovascular Risk Prediction Models Among People Living With HIV: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Importance: Extant data on the performance of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk score models in people living with HIV have not been synthesized.

Objective: To synthesize available data on the performance of the various CVD risk scores in people living with HIV.

Data Sources: PubMed and Embase were searched from inception through January 31, 2021.

Two decade trends in cardiovascular disease outcomes and cardiovascular risk factors among US veterans living with HIV.

Coomprhensive data on temporal trends in cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors and outcomes in people living with HIV are limited. Using retrospective data on 50,284 US Veterans living with HIV (VLWH) who received care in the VA from 2001 to 2019, we calculated the prevalence and incidence estimates of CVD risk factors and outcomes, as well as the average annual percent changes (AAPC) in the estimates. The mean age of the Veterans increased from 47.

DNA methylation-based classification of sinonasal tumors.

The diagnosis of sinonasal tumors is challenging due to a heterogeneous spectrum of various differential diagnoses as well as poorly defined, disputed entities such as sinonasal undifferentiated carcinomas (SNUCs). In this study, we apply a machine learning algorithm based on DNA methylation patterns to classify sinonasal tumors with clinical-grade reliability. We further show that sinonasal tumors with SNUC morphology are not as undifferentiated as their current terminology suggests but rather reassigned to four distinct molecular classes defined by epigenetic, mutational and proteomic profiles.

Association between depression, happiness, and sleep duration: data from the UAE healthy future pilot study.

Background: The United Arab Emirates Healthy Future Study (UAEHFS) is one of the first large prospective cohort studies and one of the few studies in the region which examines causes and risk factors for chronic diseases among the nationals of the United Arab Emirates (UAE). The aim of this study is to investigate the eight-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-8) as a screening instrument for depression among the UAEHFS pilot participants.

Methods: The UAEHFS pilot data were analyzed to examine the relationship between the PHQ-8 and possible confounding factors, such as self-reported happiness, and self-reported sleep duration (hours) after adjusting for age, body mass index (BMI), and gender.

A novel approach on the delineation of a multipurpose energy-greenbelt to produce biofuel and combat desertification in arid regions.

Jatropha curcas L. (JCL) is one of the most prominent energy crops due to its superior agronomical traits, where it can grow in non-arable lands and harsh climates with minimal water requirements. A significant number of studies were published on the utilisation of JCL for biofuel production, whereas there are no studies on its use in greenbelt (GB) or windbreak technologies reported thus far.

Proteomic profiling reveals CDK6 upregulation as a targetable resistance mechanism for lenalidomide in multiple myeloma.

The immunomodulatory drugs (IMiDs) lenalidomide and pomalidomide are highly effective treatments for multiple myeloma. However, virtually all patients eventually relapse due to acquired drug resistance with resistance-causing genetic alterations being found only in a small subset of cases. To identify non-genetic mechanisms of drug resistance, we here perform integrated global quantitative tandem mass tag (TMT)-based proteomic and phosphoproteomic analyses and RNA sequencing in five paired pre-treatment and relapse samples from multiple myeloma patients.

Climate Change Vulnerability Assessment for the Rondo Dwarf Galago in Coastal Forests, Tanzania.

Negative effects of climate change on organisms and their habitats pose significant conservation challenges especially for species already under siege from other threats like habitat loss, pollution and diseases. This study assessed the extent to which the Rondo dwarf galago (Paragalago rondoensis), an endangered primate in the coastal forests in eastern Tanzania is threatened by climate change. Past and projected temperature and precipitation records from Tanzania Meteorological Authority were overlaid with P.

Critical Success Factors and Traceability Technologies for Establishing a Safe Pharmaceutical Supply Chain.

Drug counterfeits have been an international issue for almost two decades, and the latest statistics show that fake medications will continue to penetrate legitimate pharmaceutical supply chains (PSCs). Therefore, identifying the issues faced by PSCs is essential to combat the counterfeit drug problem, which will require the implementation of technologies in various phases of the PSC to gain better visibility. In this regard, a literature review was conducted to fulfill the following objectives: (i) review the application of traceability technologies in various PSC phases to detect counterfeits; (ii) analyze the various barriers affecting the establishment of a safe PSC and the critical success factors used to overcome those barriers; and (iii) develop a conceptual framework and guidelines to demonstrate the influence of traceability technologies and success factors on overcoming the various barriers in different phases of the PSC.

Self-sustaining IL-8 loops drive a prothrombotic neutrophil phenotype in severe COVID-19.

Neutrophils provide a critical line of defense in immune responses to various pathogens, inflicting self-damage upon transition to a hyperactivated, procoagulant state. Recent work has highlighted proinflammatory neutrophil phenotypes contributing to lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Here, we use state-of-the art mass spectrometry-based proteomics and transcriptomic and correlative analyses as well as functional in vitro and in vivo studies to dissect how neutrophils contribute to the progression to severe COVID-19.

A Universal Peptide Matrix Interactomics Approach to Disclose Motif-Dependent Protein Binding.

Protein-protein interactions mediated by intrinsically disordered regions are often based on short linear motifs (SLiMs). SLiMs are implicated in signal transduction and gene regulation yet remain technically laborious and notoriously challenging to study. Here, we present an optimized method for a protein interaction screen on a peptide matrix (PRISMA) in combination with quantitative MS.