Determinants of the heart rate variability in type 1 diabetes mellitus.

Background: Evaluation of heart rate variability (HRV) detects the early subclinical alterations of the autonomic nervous system. Thus, impaired HRV is the earliest subclinical marker of cardiac autonomic neuropathy (CAN) in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM).

Objectives: We aimed to explore the HRV parameters in asymptomatic T1DM patients and compare them with the results obtained in healthy subjects.

Quality of glycemic control has significant impact on myocardial mechanics in type 1 diabetes mellitus.

The potential associations between disease duration, glycemic control, and the echocardiographic markers of the myocardial mechanics were investigated in asymptomatic T1DM patients. Seventy T1DM patients (38.2 ± 11.

Prognostic value of right atrial stiffness in systemic sclerosis.

Objectives: We hypothesised that right atrial (RA) size and mechanics may have prognostic role in systemic sclerosis (SSc) patients without manifest pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), thus we aimed to investigate the prognostic power of RA volume, strain and stiffness parameters alone and when added to the echocardiographic marker of RV longitudinal systolic function.

Methods: Seventy SSc patients (57±12 years) were enrolled into our follow-up study. They underwent standard echocardiographic and tissue Doppler measurements at baseline.

Galectin-3 and sST2: associations to the echocardiographic markers of the myocardial mechanics in systemic sclerosis - a pilot study.

Background: Progressive cardiac fibrosis is the central aspect of the myocardial involvement in systemic sclerosis (SSc). We hypothesized that circulating biomarkers of the cardiac fibrosis may be useful in the early diagnosis of the cardiac manifestation in this disease. Thus, we investigated the potential correlations between the levels of galectin-3, soluble suppression of tumorigenicity-2 (sST2) and the echocardiographic markers of the myocardial mechanics in SSc patients.

Integrating buccal and occlusal dental microwear with isotope analyses for a complete paleodietary reconstruction of Holocene populations from Hungary.

Dietary reconstruction is used to make inferences about the subsistence strategies of ancient human populations, but it may also serve as a proxy to characterise their diverse cultural and technological manifestations. Dental microwear and stable isotope analyses have been shown to be successful techniques for paleodietary reconstruction of ancient populations but, despite yielding complementary dietary information, these techniques have rarely been combined within the same study. Here we present for the first time a comprehensive approach to interpreting ancient lifeways through the results of buccal and occlusal microwear, and δC and δN isotope analyses applied to the same individuals of prehistoric populations of Hungary from the Middle Neolithic to the Late Bronze Age periods.

The DUG Pathway Governs Degradation of Intracellular Glutathione in Aspergillus nidulans.

Glutathione (GSH) is an abundant tripeptide that plays a crucial role in shielding cellular macromolecules from various reactive oxygen and nitrogen species in fungi. Understanding GSH metabolism is of vital importance for deciphering redox regulation in these microorganisms. In the present study, to better understand the GSH metabolism in filamentous fungi, we investigated functions of the and genes in the model fungus These genes are orthologues of and , which are involved in cytosolic GSH degradation in The deletion of , , or both resulted in a moderate increase in the GSH content in mycelia grown on glucose, reduced conidium production, and disturbed sexual development.

Sterile, abscess-like cerebral lesion during trastuzumab therapy after HER2 status switch in a triple negative breast cancer patient: a case report and literature review.

Background: Breast cancer is a global health problem - it is the most common malignancy among women. Triple negative breast cancers (TNBC) account for 10-20% of female breast cancer. Most TNBC cases confer poor prognosis.

Discrepancy Between Low Levels of mTOR Activity and High Levels of P-S6 in Primary Central Nervous System Lymphoma May Be Explained by PAS Domain-Containing Serine/Threonine-Protein Kinase-Mediated Phosphorylation.

The primary aim of this study was to determine mTOR-pathway activity in primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL), which could be a potential target for therapy. After demonstrating that p-S6 positivity largely exceeded mTOR activity, we aimed to identify other pathways that may lead to S6 phosphorylation. We measured mTOR activity with immunohistochemistry for p-mTOR and its downstream effectors p(T389)-p70S6K1, p-S6, and p-4E-BP1 in 31 cases of PCNSL and 51 cases of systemic diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and evaluated alternative S6 phosphorylation pathways with p-RSK, p(T229)-p70S6K1, and PASK antibodies.

Use of antibiotic-impregnated bone grafts in a rabbit osteomyelitis model.

Background: Both osteomyelitis and prosthetic joint infection can be treated surgically with the use of antibiotic loaded bone grafts, as part of local antimicrobial therapy.

Objective: The purpose of the study was to evaluate and to report on a novel, biodegradable, long-acting (4-6 weeks) antibiotic-impregnated bone graft (AIBG). A novel drug delivery system, containing vancomycin, was utilized in a rabbit osteomyelitis model in order to evaluate the antimicrobial efficacy of the antibiotic bone graft.

Transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation of histone variant H2A.Z during sea urchin development.

Histone variant H2A.Z promotes chromatin accessibility at transcriptional regulatory elements and is developmentally regulated in metazoans. We characterize the transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation of H2A.

mTOR activity and its prognostic significance in human colorectal carcinoma depending on C1 and C2 complex-related protein expression.

Aims: Tumour heterogeneity and altered activation of signalling pathways play important roles in therapy resistance. The PI3K/Akt/mTOR signalling network is a well-known regulator of several functions that contribute to tumour growth. mTOR exists in two functionally different multiprotein complexes.

Growth inhibitory effect of rapamycin in Hodgkin-lymphoma cell lines characterized by constitutive NOTCH1 activation.

Growing evidence suggests that deregulation of signalling elements of Notch and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathways contribute to tumorigenesis. These signals play important roles in cellular functions and malignancies. Their tumorigenic role in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (T-ALL) is well known; however, their potential interactions and functions are poorly characterized in Hodgkin lymphoma (HL).

Diastolic Dysfunction Is a Contributing Factor to Exercise Intolerance in COPD.

Right ventricular (RV) systolic failure is rare in patients with COPD, but they often develop RV diastolic dysfunction. Left ventricular (LV) diastolic dysfunction is also common in this population. Nevertheless, data are scarce regarding the effect of diastolic dysfunction on the functional capacity in patients with COPD.

Degradation of glutathione in Aspergillus nidulans - Short communication.

Relative transcriptions of Aspergillus nidulans dug1-3 (orthologes of Saccharomyces cerevisiae DUG - deficient in utilization of glutathione - pathway genes) and ggtA encoding γ-glutamyl transpeptidase were studied under conditions inducing glutathione degradation. GgtA was induced in all cases when glutathione levels decreased, but addition of yeast extract, which moderated glutathione degradation, enhanced its induction. Although dug2 showed constitutive transcription, dug1 and dug3 were induced by carbon and nitrogen starvation and yeast extract did not caused significant changes in their relative transcription.

Rapamycin can restore the negative regulatory function of transforming growth factor beta 1 in high grade lymphomas.

TGF-β1 (transforming growth factor beta 1) is a negative regulator of lymphocytes, inhibiting proliferation and switching on the apoptotic program in normal lymphoid cells. Lymphoma cells often lose their sensitivity to proapoptotic/anti-proliferative regulators such as TGF-β1. Rapamycin can influence both mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin) and TGF-β signaling, and through these pathways it is able to enhance TGF-β induced anti-proliferative and apoptotic responses.

[Development of new magistral method for the preparation of artificial tears].

Nowadays, large part of the population in Hungary is affected by the dry eye disease or symptom. Most of these magistral pharmaceuticals (FoNo VI) compared to the industrial products have disadvantages. They are not compatible with contact lenses, because of the preservatives and after opening they can be used only for seven days.

In vitro efficiency of vancomycin containing experimental drug delivery systems.

Biofilm-forming Staphylococcus epidermidis strains are common cause of the periprosthetic infection. The treatment of the periprosthetic infection is very problematic, so the prevention of these infections by an antibiotic containing prothesis could be an option for prevention.The purpose of the present study was to examine the in vitro effects of drug delivery systems (DDSs), namely Wax 1 and Wax 2 with different vancomycin content: 0.

Characteristic mTOR activity in Hodgkin-lymphomas offers a potential therapeutic target in high risk disease--a combined tissue microarray, in vitro and in vivo study.

Background: Targeting signaling pathways is an attractive approach in many malignancies. The PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway is activated in a number of human neoplasms, accompanied by lower overall and/or disease free survival. mTOR kinase inhibitors have been introduced in the therapy of renal cell carcinoma and mantle cell lymphoma, and several trials are currently underway.

Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) activity dependent phospho-protein expression in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).

Modern treatment strategies have improved the prognosis of childhood ALL; however, treatment still fails in 25-30% of patients. Further improvement of treatment may depend on the development of targeted therapies. mTOR kinase, a central mediator of several signaling pathways, has recently attracted remarkable attention as a potential target in pediatric ALL.

Activity and complexes of mTOR in diffuse large B-cell lymphomas--a tissue microarray study.

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma is a heterogeneous group of diseases with different responses to therapy. Targeting mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin) offers a new approach to improve the treatment. mTOR inhibitors are being developed and are in clinical use in mantle cell lymphoma therapy and clinical trials are ongoing in other high-grade lymphomas as well.

Patterns of deregulation of insulin growth factor signalling pathway in paediatric and adult gastrointestinal stromal tumours.

Background: Data regarding the patterns and the mechanisms of deregulation of the insulin growth factor (IGF) pathway in adult and paediatric gastrointestinal stromal tumours (GISTs) are limited.

Methods: We investigated the expression profiling of the genes encoding the main components of the IGF signalling pathway in 131 GISTs (106 adults, 21 paediatric and four young adults) and 25 other soft-tissue sarcomas (STS) using an Affymetrix U133A platform. IGF2 was investigated for loss of imprinting (LOI) whereas IGF1R was analysed for copy number aberration and mutation.

[Importance of the HLB-value in drug technology].

Surface active agents can be classified 60 years ago with the introduction of the HLB system. The characterization of emulgents allowed their common use in the practice. The objective of the review is to summarize the research in the field of surface active agents and HLB-value.

Renal cell carcinoma of the native kidney: a frequent tumor after kidney transplantation with favorable prognosis in case of early diagnosis.

Introduction: The frequency of malignant tumors as a cause of death is increasing among kidney transplant patients. The aim of our study was to characterize kidney tumors occurring in the native kidneys of renal transplanted patients, and to determine their impact on recipient survival.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the 43/3003 (1.

A novel WWTR1-CAMTA1 gene fusion is a consistent abnormality in epithelioid hemangioendothelioma of different anatomic sites.

The classification of epithelioid vascular tumors remains challenging, as there is considerable morphological overlap between tumor subtypes, across the spectrum from benign to malignant categories. A t(1;3)(p36.3;q25) translocation was reported in two cases of epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (EHE), however, no follow-up studies have been performed to identify the gene fusion or to assess its prevalence in a larger cohort of patients.