Lower Fiber Consumption in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies.

Polycystic ovary syndrome is a common endocrine disorder associated with metabolic abnormalities and gut microbiota dysbiosis. The deficiency of dietary fiber, a crucial nutrient in the daily diet, is also associated with a wide range of metabolic and reproductive abnormalities, as well as an altered gut microbial ecosystem. This study is a meta-analysis to summarize the available evidence on the dietary fiber intake level in PCOS patients.

Inactivation of Yes-Associated Protein Mediates Trophoblast Dysfunction: A New Mechanism of Pregnancy Loss Associated with Anti-Phospholipid Antibodies?

Pregnancy morbidity induced by anti-phospholipid antibodies (aPL+/PM+) is mainly thought to arise from placental abnormalities. We attempted to investigate the effect of aPL on the activity of Yes-associated protein (YAP) in the trophoblast and how YAP regulated human trophoblasts function. Thus, HTR-8 cells were treated with IgG purified from aPL+/PM+ women or normal controls.

Rapamycin maintains the primordial follicle pool and protects ovarian reserve against cyclophosphamide-induced damage.

Any abnormal activation of primordial follicles and subsequent depletion can irreversibly diminish the ovarian reserve, which is one of the major chemotherapy-induced adverse effects in young patients with cancer. Herein, we investigated the effects of rapamycin on the activation and development of ovarian follicles to evaluate its fertility-sparing therapeutic value in a cyclophosphamide (CTX)-treated mouse model. Based on ovarian histomorphological changes and follicle counting in 50 SPF female C57BL/6 mice, daily administration of 5 mg/kg rapamycin for 30 days was deemed an ideal dosage and duration for administration in subsequent experiments.

CD55 is upregulated by cAMP/PKA/AKT and modulates human decidualization via Src and ERK pathway and decidualization-related genes.

Decidualization is an essential process for embryo implantation and maintenance of pregnancy, and abnormal decidualization contributed to several pregnancy disorders like a miscarriage. The objective of this study was to explore the regulation and function of CD55 in human decidualization. By immunohistochemical staining, it was found that CD55 expression was higher in first-trimester decidua than in the endometrium.

Identification of predictors of the ovarian response to clomiphene citrate in infertile women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a prospective cohort study.

Objective: To identify predictors of the ovarian response to clomiphene citrate (CC) in infertile patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

Methods: We performed a prospective cohort study of infertile patients with PCOS. The participants underwent assessments of their physical, endocrine, and metabolic characteristics, and treatment with CC at an initial dose of 50 mg/day and a maximum of 100 mg/day between days 3 and 7 of their menstrual cycles.

Toll-Like Receptor 4 Inhibits Estradiol Secretion NF-κB Signaling in Human Granulosa Cells.

Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) may play a critical role in regulating follicular development. Data are scarce on the role of TLR4 in the follicle. This study investigated the effects of TLR4 on steroidogenesis in human granulosa cells.

Dydrogesterone treatment for menstrual-cycle regularization in abnormal uterine bleeding - ovulation dysfunction patients.

Background: Dydrogesterone has shown significant efficacy in treatment of irregular menstrual cycle due to abnormal uterine bleeding - ovulation dysfunction (AUB-O), but there were few relevant studies. This observational study was designed to evaluate the effectiveness of dydrogesterone for the treatment of Chinese patients with AUB-O.

Aim: To evaluate the effects of dydrogesterone on menstrual-cycle (MC) regularization and metabolism in the patients with AUB-O.

Follicle loss and PTEN/PI3K/mTOR signaling pathway activated in LepR-mutated mice.

Female mice (Y123F) with substitution mutations introduced through homologous gene targeting, replacing the three tyrosine residues of LepR, Tyr985, Tyr1077, and Tyr1138 with phenylalanine, could induce infertility. This study aimed to describe the reproductive alteration and to explore its mechanism. We compared the reproductive characteristics in the female homozygous (HOM) Y123F mice and wild-type (WT) littermates, analyzing the expression of downstream molecules of LepR, like protein kinase B (Akt)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN) and insulin receptor substrate (IRS) in the ovaries.

Decay-accelerating factor promotes endometrial cells proliferation and motility under ovarian hormone stimulation.

The intent of the study was to explore the elevating expression of decay-accelerating factor(DAF) exerts influence on biological behaviors of endometrial stromal cells except in classical immunology on the basis of bioinformatic statistics and clinical miscarriages findings suggesting its potential role in the establishment of endometrial receptivity. We confirmed that DAF locates on the cellular surface of endometrial epithelium and stroma. By using plasmid transfection to down-regulate DAF expression in primary endometrial stromal cells(ESCs), we discovered that DAF expression in ESCs increases in response to estradiol and progesterone stimulation in dose- and time-dependent manners; moreover, tamoxifen and RU486 stimulations to block estrogen receptors(ERs) and progesterone receptors(PRs) respectively result in reduced DAF mRNA and protein, and it is more obvious to block PRs.

Follicle Loss and Apoptosis in Cyclophosphamide-Treated Mice: What's the Matter?

With increasing numbers of young female cancer survivors following chemotherapy, chemotherapy-induced fertility loss must be considered. Menstrual disorder and infertility are of particular concern in female cancer patients. We showed that treatment with the alkylating agent cyclophosphamide (CTX) could cause severe primordial follicle loss and growing follicle apoptosis, resulting in loss of ovarian reserve.