Overexpression of the and genes promotes high production of HDMF in .

4-Hydroxy-2,5-dimethyl-3 (2H)-furanone (HDMF) is widely used in the food industry as a spice and flavoring agent with high market demand. In this study, fructose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolase (FBA) and triose phosphate isomerase (TPI) were overexpressed in in the form of single and double genes, respectively, via electroporation. High-yield HDMF-engineered yeast strains were constructed by combining the analysis of gene expression levels obtained by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR technology and HDMF production measured by HPLC.

Deubiquitinase OTUD5 as a Novel Protector against 4-HNE-Triggered Ferroptosis in Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury.

Despite the development of advanced technologies for interventional coronary reperfusion after myocardial infarction, a substantial number of patients experience high mortality due to myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (MI/R) injury. An in-depth understanding of the mechanisms underlying MI/R injury can provide crucial strategies for mitigating myocardial damage and improving patient survival. Here, it is discovered that the 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (4-HNE) accumulates during MI/R, accompanied by high rates of myocardial ferroptosis.

[Correlation between Cyclic GMP-AMP Synthase-Stimulator of Interferon Genes Signaling Pathway and Non-infectious Diseases].

As a DNA receptor in the cytoplasm,cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) can recognize abnormal DNA in the cytoplasm and activate stimulator of interferon genes (STING) to regulate the immune response. The recent studies have demonstrated that this pathway plays a role in non-infectious inflammatory diseases by promoting the expression of type Ⅰ interferon and interferon-stimulated gene.This article reviews the activation and regulation of cGAS-STING pathway in multiple systems and the effect of this pathway on the occurrence and progression of non-infectious inflammatory diseases,providing theoretical reference for future application of cGAS-STING pathway-related drugs in non-infectious inflammatory diseases.

A small-molecule activator of mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 reduces the severity of cerulein-induced acute pancreatitis.

Acute pancreatitis (AP) is one of the leading causes of hospital admission for gastrointestinal disorders. Although lipid peroxides are produced in AP, it is unknown if targeting lipid peroxides prevents AP. This study aimed to investigate the role of mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2), a critical enzyme for lipid peroxide degradation, in AP and the possible underlying mechanisms.